J. M, BROWNING, FIREARW APPLICATION FILED WAR, 30, 1917 1,276,716. Patented Aug, 27, 1918, Inventozn We. Bap ee tigUNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. JOHN M. BROWNING, OF OGDEN, UTAH. FIREARM, 1,276,716, ‘Speciscation of Letters Patent, Patented Ang. 27, 1918, Application Sed March 30, 1017, Serial Wo. 156,868. To all whom it may conesrn: Be it known that Ty dons M, Browne, a citiven of the United States, residing at Ogden, in the county of Weber and State of 5 Utah, have invented a new and useful Iin- prerement in Firesrms, of which the fol. lowing is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a art hereof. ‘This invention relates to improvements in magazine firearms, and more especially to automatic firearms and particularly to auto. matic pistols in which energy is stored dur- ing the opening movement. of the breech. slide in @ spring, the renction of wriee utilized to actuate the return or ‘closing movement of the breech slide. ‘The main object of the invention is to pro- duce a firearm of this class which shall be simple and inexpensive in construction, re able, and safe under all conditions of ‘use. Another object. of the invention is to pro. hee a automatic pistl specially adapted ‘or accurate target practies, by: having the handle or grip of the pistel formed fo bs securely grasped and conveniently held tn aiming and firing, and in which the frame of the arm shall support the comparatively Jong barrel rigidly, and in which the breech. slide may be at will and readily detached and removed from the frame, and be re placed and attached upon the same without Tequizing the use of any tool therefor. A further object. of the invention is to 35 provide the frearm with an automatic safety 10 6 20 6 levico for positively preventing the firin, of th arm en ‘hetbroe is closed snd all parts are in the proper firing position, and by the same device to alwaye prevent more than one shot from following upon each pall of the triggers A further object 1s to. provide tho arm with a manual safety lock for at will and simultaneously locking the breech-slide and the cocked firing mechanism, and by this saine device to provide the arm with a re liable indicator for showing at a glance or touch whether the firing mechanism Is fn the cocked or in the released position. ‘These objects are attained by mechanism. of simple and practical construction which is efficient, perfectly safe in use, and not liable to get out of order. ‘The invention is shown herein as em- 58 bodied in # gas-operated magazine pistal; 40 4“ 50 but it will be understood that the invention is applicable to other Airearms In the accompanying drawings, wherein is iMustrated an embodiment of the inven. tion, Figure 1 is a left-hand side view of a central vertical section through the frame and the rear portion of the barrel with the breech closed and ready for firing; but show: ing the breeehvslide in a vertical section in plane somewhat to the left side of its central fils thereby exposing fo view the reaction spring and its guide for storing the energy OF the recoil of Being’ shot et showing the manner in which the to ends of the re-action spring are supported, the front end in the breesh-bolt and the Toar ead by the butt piece of the grip or mainspring housing. Fig. 2 is a left-hand side view of the up- per portion of the frame of the pistol and of the breech-slide in the closed position. Vig. 8 is a central longitudinal section of the breech-slide, showing {he ring-pin with its retracting spring and locking pin in the breech-bolt. Ae 1ni® £19 « bottom view of the bresch- Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section of the breech-bolt near its forward end locking forward, showing also an upper portion of the cartridge magazine. Wig. 6 is a vertical transverse section of the breech-slide in rear of the breech- bolt, indicating the respective positions of the fr” ing pin and of the re-aetion spring and its rule rod, the spring and sod being’ shown in Figs. 4 and 6 as held in their forward compressed position by a transverse pin. Wig. 7 is a horizontal section through the forward portion of the frame below the bar. rel, showing a top view of the trigger and showing the trigger spring, its piston and its fastening plug. Fig. 8 is a partial vertical section of the frame showing the trigger in its place and above it the trigger spring, its piston and fastening plug. Fig. 9's a Vertical transverse section of a portion of the frame, showing the hub and the pivot of the trigger, and tho side plate, seen from the front. Fig. 10 shows the trigger pivot detached, in gn end.view and ina top view. AL shows the trigger-bar in a left- hand side view and in an under side vi 65 0 * 85 6 100 105 11020 ww 28 80 35 40 45 50 55 6 65 Fig. 12 shows the side plate detached, in a top view and in a side view. _ ‘Fig. 13 shows the cartridge magazine in a tof view, a Hight band side "iow, anda bottom view. . ‘Similar numerals refer to similar parts thpoughout the several views. ‘The pistol represented in the drawings thas the following imnin parts the frnne 1, the bere 2. tie Dreecside. 8, andthe ‘butt piece or mainspring housing 4. "Tae frame I has gatfong upardly Dro focting nbutinent ae Ms formard end for re- Sein the our portion of the barrel 3, a5 Shootin Pigs {and 2, the eegt and the fear portion of the barrel are of considet- ble Teng andthe barrel has an annular shoulder to fit against the front end of the fname, co that ‘Se arzel ost, igi Sappotied in tho frame, being. fasten iitioin either by scrow threads or by any ftber well Lnows teas HMrom' the borral soat rearward, the top of the tant is lower and open, and is pro- Sided wah external longituaival vibe ‘and Proorce, andthe bottom of the breecrslde Fics Correspondiog. internal’ grooves and ribs by which the breech-slide when placed From the rear upon the frame, js vertically Sonfined upon We tame, and Biiged thereon srg reneward snd forward movements in pening at! clocng the breech pf the barrel In rear of the barrel, the frame 1 extends downward’ and reurward forming the gtip of the pistol, the hollow interior of the esip is the seat for the cartridge magazine 5, which is inserted from below itito the seut and confined therein by the pivoted maga- He cateh 6, Rich may be at will foread Rearwand to’ release the magesine for ner Inova! or for enterin magazine into the erp fn xear of the magazine seat, the grip and the upper part of the frame’are provided with a central recess in which the butt piece or mainspring housing 4, the hammer ‘, the sear 8, and the sear spring 9 are seated, the mainspring housing 4 thtis forms the cen- tral rear portion of the butt of the grip, and its upmer end extends through and pro jects above the top of the frame, ‘The forward portion of the breech-slide 8 is solid anc forms tho breochbolt provided ‘with a. central firing pin 10 and ring pin retracting spring 11 which are confined in the breee-bot by a vertiea! looking pin, 1 as clearly. shown in Figs, 8 and 4. The breech-bolt also carries in its right side the usual shell extractor 13 and has in its un- der side two grooves for receiving the up- per edges of the sides of the cartridge maga- zine 5, see Fig. 6: In rear of the breech- bolt tlie breech-slide 8 is recessed from the bottom upward, for the reception of the top of the hammer and the upper end of the 1,276,716 bit piece 4 the reat td of said reoess he- ing closed by an imperforate wall which fits upon the top of the frame 1, thus positively preventing any rearward estape of powder- 8 0 ‘gnses. ‘As clearly shown in Figs, 4 and 6, on the left side of the central firing pin seat, the re-action spring 14 and its guide rod 18 are seated in the breech-bolt s0.as to extend rearward into the recess in the breech-slide, tho forward end of eid spring 14 thus rest” ing in the breach-bolt holds the same yield- Jngly forward and the rear end ofthe spring and of its guide rod being supported by the Sipger end of the Dut piece 47 fn the fnoe of which is provided a retess for receiving and holding the reduced rear end of the guide rod 15, see Fig. 1. Just in rear of the breech bolt. a Small hole is bored trans- versely, through the breech-slide 8 in such a position that a pin may be inserted trans- versely through the breech-slide when the reaction spring and its guide rods are in their forward. compressed position; this transverse pin thereby’ confines the re-action spring 14 and ity guide rod 18 in the breech bolt as indicated by dotted lines in Figs. 4 and 6. Whenever the breech-slide is in its rearmost position on the frame, the re-action spring 14!and its guide rod 18 ave foreed to iis forward compressed position and the upper forward corner of the butt piece 4 is cut away 50 as to allow the transverse pin to be inserted between the guide rod and the butt piece, thus locking spring and guide rod in the’ breech-bolt. “If now the breech- slide is moved forward, the guide rod and spring confined by the pin, move therewith and release the butt piece ¢ which may then be removed from the frame, as horeinaften described, thus leaving the’ breech-slide 3 cree for removal rearwardly from the top of tho frame. ‘The hammer 7 is pivotally mounted upon the transverse hammer pin in the frame, in rear of the magazine seat a strut 16 pivoted to the rear of the hammer hub, extends downward into the butt, piece 4, in which the mainspring 17 and tho maingpring pis- ton 18 are located, being confined therein by small transverse pin 18" near the top of the mainspring seat in the housing. ‘The end of the hammer strut 16 rests ina, recess in the top ofthe piston 18, the strut thus trans mits the tension of the mainspring 17 to the hammer 7, tending to swing the top of the hammer upward into the recess in the breech-slide and against the rear end of the firing pin 10, In front and below the hammer, the sear 8 js pivotally mounted upon a transverse pin, its upper arm extends upward to the front of the central hub of the hammer 7, and its and forms the evar poin adapted to engage the full-cock noteh ‘of the hammer 7.‘The 1 1% 80 85 80 95 100 108 aac n u