DEMOGRAPHIC ATTRIBUTES

TERMS AND MEANING

DEMOGRAPHY: The characteristics of population composition of any place. Like;
Sex Ratio Rural-Urban composition Literacy Rate Working and dependent Ratio

RURAL POPULATION: Population living in the villages URBAN POPULATION: Population living in towns and cities SEX RATIO: No of females per 1000 males

RURAL-URBAN POPULATION IN INDIA

RURAL POPULATION
- Live in villages - Simple life-style - Slow life, strong social ties

URBAN POPULATION
- Live in towns and cities - Modern life-style - Fast life and social relations are formal

- Engage in mostly agriculture - Engaged in secondary and and allied activities tertiary activities - Problems- poverty, illiteracy, - Problems- Overcrowding, low standard of living, lack of traffic, pollution, housing, medical facilities etc. access to social amenities etc.

RURAL-URBAN POPULATION IN INDIA

India primarily a country of villages 72.22 % population lives in villages (2001) 285.4 million people live in villages

LEVEL OF URBANIZATION IN WORLD (India- 27.78 %)

Country/ Area % of Urban Residence

World 48
Africa 35 USA 79 Asia 39 China 41 Japan 78 Pakistan 34 Europe 74 Australia 91

New Zealand 74

STATEWISE RURAL-URBAN POPULATION IN INDIA

HIGHEST RURAL POPULATION
STATE HIMACHAL PRADESH BIHAR SIKKIM ASSAM ORISSA NAGALAND UTTAR PRADESH TOTAL RURAL POPULATION 5.4 MILLION 74.2 MILLION 0.48 MILLION 23.2 MILLION 31.2 MILLION 1.6 MILLION 131 MILLION % OF RURAL POPULATION 90.21 89.53 88.9 87.28 85.03 82.26 79.22 TOTAL URBAN POPULATION 0.5 MILLION 8.6 MILLION 0.06 MILLION 3.3 MILLION 5.5 MILLION 0.3 MILLION 34.5 MILLION % OF URBAN POPULATION 9.75 10.47 11.10 12.72 14.97 17.72 20.78

IMPLICATIONS OF HIGH RURAL POPULATION

Bad Economy
Underdeveloped Heavy dependency on agriculture

Traditional
Slow pace of urbanization

STATEWISE RURAL-URBAN POPULATION IN INDIA

HIGHEST URBAN POPULATION
STATE DELHI CHANDIGARH PONDICHERRY MIZORAM LAKSHADWEEP MAHARASHTRA TOTAL RURAL POPULATION 0.9 MILLION 0.09 MILLION 0.3 MILLION 0.4 MILLION 0.03 MILLION 55.7 MILLION % OF RURAL POPULATION 6.99 10.22 33.43 50.50 55.53 57.60 TOTAL URBAN % OF URBAN POPULATION POPULATION 12.8 MILLION 0.8 MILLION 0.6 MILLION 0.4 MILLION 0.26 MILLION 41 MILLION 93.01 89.78 66.57 49.50 44.47 42.40

SEX COMPOSITION IN INDIA

SEX RATIO: No of females per 1000 males INDIA SO FAR:
1901- 972 1911- 964 1921- 955 1931- 950 1941- 945 1951- 946 1961- 941 1971- 930 1981- 934 1991- 927 2001- 933

SEX COMPOSITION IN INDIA

SEX RATIO IN SOME COUNTRIES: India - 933 Russia - 1140 Japan - 1041 USA - 1029 Brazil - 1025 Nigeria - 1016 Indonesia - 1004

SEX COMPOSITION IN INDIA States with High Sex Ratio

STATE KERALA PONDICHERRY CHHATTISGARH TAMIL NADU 1058 1001 990 986 SEX RATIO

SEX COMPOSITION IN INDIA States with Low Sex Ratio

STATE JAMMU AND KASHMIR PUNJAB SIKKIM HARYANA DAMAN AND DIU

SEX RATIO
892 876

875 861 710

SEX COMPOSITION IN INDIA

Reasons for low sex ratio in India: Preferential treatment to male child High death rate during delivery of child and married life for women Dowry death rising Couples satisfied with male child Sex determination and abortion of female child Women neglected, poor health and education More male births than female

SEX COMPOSITION IN INDIA

Other reasons for low sex ratio in India: Out migration of males increase females in states like Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir while decrease in Delhi, Punjab etc High rate of women migration in Chhattisgarh is due to women migration for mining work

AGE COMPOSITION IN INDIA

Population is divided into three categories: Below 15 - Young Between 15 to 59- Adult 60 and above- Old Young and Old are dependents Adults are independent

AGE COMPOSITION IN INDIA (1991 Census)

YOUNG- 36.5 % (15.4 % was below 6 years) ADULT- 56.7 % OLD- 6.8 % Proportion of young and old is very high in rural areas
High birth rate Adults migrate out Adults come back in villages when get old

LITERACY IN INDIA
A LITERATE: Person with the ability to read and write with understanding in any language LITERACY IN INDIA CRUDE LITERACY RATE
NO OF LITERATE/TOTAL POPULATION X 100

LITERACY RATE
NO OF LITERATE/TOTAL POPULATION ABOVE 7 YEARS OF AGE X 100

LITERACY IN INDIA
CENSUS YEAR 1951 1961 1971 PERSONS 18.33 28.30 34.45 MALES 27.16 40.40 45.96 FEMALES 8.86 15.35 21.97 MALE-FEMALE GAP IN LITERACY 18.30 25.05 23.98

1981
1991 2001

43.57
52.21 64.84

56.38
64.13 75.26

29.76
39.29 54.67

26.62
24.84 20.59

LITERACY IN INDIA STATES/UT WITH HIGH LITERACY

STATE/UT INDIA PERSONS 64.8 MALES 75.3 FEMALES 53.7

KERALA
MIZORAM LAKSHADWEEP GOA CHANDIGARH DELHI MAHARASHTRA

90.9
88.8 86.7 82.0 81.9 81.7 76.9

94.2
90.7 92.5 88.4 86.1 87.3 86

87.7
86.7 80.5 75.4 76.5 74.7 67

LITERACY IN INDIA STATES/UT WITH LOW LITERACY

STATE/UT INDIA PERSONS 64.8 57.6 56.3 55.5 54.3 53.6 47 MALES 75.3 71.2 68.8 66.6 63.8 67.3 59.7 FEMALES 53.7 40.2 42.2 43 43.5 38.9 33.1

DADRA AND NAGRA HAVELI

UTTAR PRADESH JAMMU AND KASHMIR ARUNACHAL PRADESH JHARKHAND BIHAR

WORKING POPULATION
PARTICIPATION RATE: The proportion of workers in the population MAIN WORKERS: Any worker who is engaged in economically gainful activity for 183 days or more MARGINAL WORKERS: Any worker who is engaged in economically gainful activity for less than 6 months

WORKING POPULATION IN INDIA

PARTICIPATION RATE: 39.1 %
MALES: 51.7 %
FEMALES: 25.06 %
39.97 % in Rural areas 11.31 % in Urban areas

2/3 population is dependent

OCCUPATION IN INDIA (2001 Census)

OCCUPATION TOTAL WORKERS % OF WORKERS

CULTIVATORS
AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRIAL WORKERS OTHER WORKERS (Construction, trade, commerce, transport and storage etc Total

127.6 MILLION
107.4 MILLION 1.6 MILLION

31.71
26.69 4.08

15.1 MILLION
402.5 MILLION

37.52
100

PARAMETER

INDIA

CHINA

URBAN POPULATION SEX RATIO LITERACY

DEPENDENCY RATE

27.78 % 933 65.38 %

65 %

39 % 944 82.9 %
47.8 %