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Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta
Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta
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Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta
The Great Discourse on the Wheel of Dhamma
Venerable Mahasi Sayadaw
?
Dnnmmncnnrrnvn11nn 5u11n
Tni oni.+ uiscoinsi o +ni wniii oi un.xx.
Tni Viin.nii
M.n.si S.v.u.w
Translaled by U Ko Lay
Sonsored by
Mr & Mrs Lee Lee Kim & family
&
SukhiHolu Dhamma Iublicalion
SukhiHolu Dhamma Iublicalion
1998
Dn.xx.c.xx.vv.v.++.. Si++.
Pueiisnru rov rvrr uis+vieu+io e.
Sixni Ho+i Su nu
1A-z Iins+ Iioon, M.v.o Ii.z.
}.i. SSz6/, T.x. M.v.o }.v.
;o1 Ii+.iio }.v., Sii.oon
M.i.vsi.
Tii o ;o6z8 I.x o ;o6z;
zV }.i. M.+.o Kicnio
11joo Ain I+.x, Ii.o
M.i.vsi.
Tii o 8z;;118 I.x o 8z;;zz8
Ix.ii sixnino+i+qi.+nix.cox.xv
Iins+ vni+iu .u viniisniu i +ni Soci.iis+ Riviniic oi
+ni Uio oi inx.,
Dicixnin 181
Rivni+iu i Ki.i. Lixvin 1ooo coviis (18;)
Tnis nivisiu iui+io (1s+ vni+io) ooo coviis (18)
Covin: Ino+oon.vn oi . v.i+io (.n+is+ ixow)
i . +ixvii i Tn.ii.u.
Ini+iu nv M~juj~.~ |u~n, Sii.oon
oox i.voi+ .u covin .n+ uisio nv jo+ix~
Svici.i cniui+ Rinicc. T.x, No Cni Cni s Donii Lix
isn 8-8z-1z-8
The Venerable Mahasi Sayadav
as a _eslioner
al lhe Sixlh Council in Myanmar, 1j
Pun::cn1:os : Ec::sn nv 1nr snmr nu1non
1 Aniv.v.s. Si++.
2 Iiu.xi+.is oi Viv.ss.. Miui+.+io
3 Lox.un.xx. Si++.
4 To Ninn.. vi. +ni Nonii Iion+ioiu I.+n
5 In.c+ic.i .sic Ixincisis
6 In.c+ic.i Viv.ss.. Miui+.+io Ixincisis
7 Viv.ss.. Svini+i.i Ision+
8 A.++.i.xxn.. Si++.
9 n.n. Si++.
10 ioon.vnv oi M.n.si S.v.u.w
11 Cii.viu.ii. Si++.
12 n.n. Si++.
13 Hix.v.+. Si++.
14 M.n.si Anno.u 1
15 M.n.si Anno.u 2
16 M.iixv.vi++. Si++.
17 O +ni N.+ini oi Ninn.. (Ninn..v.+i S.xvi++. K.+n.)
18 Iinvosi oi In.c+isio K.xx.++n.. Miui+.+io
19 I.+icc.s.xivv.u.
20 Iin.nniu. Si++.
21 S.xx.v.n. Si++.
22 S.+iv.++n.. Viv.ss.. Miui+.+io Cni+icisx s Riviiis
23 S.xx.v.ninn.,.iv.
24 S.iiixn. Si++.
25 S.+iv.++n.. Viv.ss.. Miui+.+io
26 Sii.v.+. Si++.
27 Tiv.+.x. Si++.
28 V.xixx. Si++.
29 n.nx. Vin.n. Dn.xx.
j
Co+i+s
Tni Gni.+ Discoinsi o +ni Wniii oi Dn.xx.
Cn.v+in Oi
Inii.ci To Tni Discoinsi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1j
Tni D.+i Oi Tni Discoinsi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Tnnii Kius Oi I+nouic+ios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
ounis.++. Au Woniuiv Iii.sinis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . z1
Tni Ioonii _is+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . z1
Tni Nonii _is+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . zz
Tni Riici.+io Oi Tni ounis.++. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . z
M.xio His W.v To Ailn., Tni Gni.+ Asci+ic . . . . . . . . . . . . zj
T.xio Is+nic+ios Inox Tni Hoiv S.oi Ailn. . . . . . . . . . . . . z6
Ri.ssinio Wonus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . z;
Avvno.cnio Tni S.oi Uu.x. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . z
In.c+isio Ix+nixi Ais+ini+iis I Univii. Ionis+ . . . . . . . . z
Tnnii Sixiiis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . z
Ix+nixi Ais+ini+v Oi Cnisnio Tni Miu
Wi+n Tni Miu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
}n.ic Ansonv+io Oi Ris+n.iio Tni ni.+n . . . . . . . . . . . . j
Ix+nixi Ais+ini+v Oi I.s+io . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
M.n.'s Iinsi.sio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
6
Rion+ Ri.soio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . o
Ansonv+io I Iins+ }nl. Wniii A Ii.+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Risixv+io Oi Mi.is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . z
Tni Iiion+ixi+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ix+nixi Ais+ini+v Is A Ionx Oi Siii-Mon+iiic.+io . . . . . . . . ;
Cosiuinio Tni _is+io Oi Givio Tni Iins+ Sinxo . . . . 8
Missio Tni I.+n Au Inii+io v Sivi D.vs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . jo
Missio Tni Gni.+ Cn.ci v Oi Nion+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . j1
}oiniv To Givi Tni Iins+ Sinxo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . jz
Mii+io Wi+n Uv.x., Tni N.xiu Asci+ic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . jz
Tni+n Is No+ Sii Wni iiuiu v Miscociv+io . . . . . . . . j
Anniv.i A+ Isiv.+n.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . j6
Tnis Tni iissiu Oi Co+iiiu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6z
Cn.v+in Two
Sisiois Gn.+iiic.+io Is .si Au Viio.n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6j
Din.un.xx. Ninnl. Vlu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6;
A Low, Coxxo In.c+ici . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
No+ Tni In.c+ici Oi Tni Nonii Ois . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
No+ Tiuio To Oi's Wiii.ni (A.++. S.ni+o) . . . . . . . . 6
C. Hoisinoiuins Iuiioi I Sisiois Iii.sinis` . . . . . . . . ;1
Ioin Kius Oi Iuiioici I Woniuiv I,ovxi+s . . . . . . . . ;1
In.c+ici Oi Siii-Mon+iiic.+io . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;z
;
Mi+nous Oi Siii-Mon+iiic.+io . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;
Tni Nio.u. Scniv+ini . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;
Invsic.i Siiiinio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;6
Inoii+iiss Iiion+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;6
Wnoo I+invni+.+io Oi Siii-Mon+iiic.+io . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;8
Miscociv+io Rio.nuio Co+ixvi.+io O Iiiiio . . . . 8o
Tni Viiw Oi A Ti.cnin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8o
Tni Miuuii I.+n Tni In.c+ici Au Tni iiii+ . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
How To Avoiu Tni Two Ix+nixis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
A+iuo+i Ion Iuiois+inii Ioou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
How Visio Au Kowiiuoi Ani Diviioviu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
How Visio Au Kowiiuoi Avvi.n S+iv-v-S+iv . . . . . . . . 8
Kowiiuoi Diivis Tnnoion In.c+ici . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Tni Coxxi+.nv Ixvi..+io . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . z
S+.n+io Inox Av S+iv Acconuio
To Tni Diiii+ios Oi Tni Tix+s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tni Kiiis.s Ani C.ixiu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . j
Wnoo iiiii I Tni In.c+ici
Si.nn.+.v.nlxls. Dini . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Tixvon.nv Ii++io Aw.v . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;
Anisio Oi Sivin-Kowiiuoi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Iii+n.+ivi Ision+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1o1
Ri.iiz.+io Oi Ninnl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1o1
8
Cn.v+in Tnnii
I.vln.l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1oj
Ii.non.+io O Tni Iion+ioiu I.+n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1o;
Tni I.+n Oi Rion+ Sviicn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1o8
Tni I.+n Oi Rion+ Ac+io . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11o
Tni I.+n Oi Rion+ Liviiinoou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Siixio Wi.i+n Tnnoion Ui.wiii Mi.s
Is Wnoo Liviiinoou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Siixio Wi.i+n I Coso.ci Wi+n
Mon.i L.w Is Rion+ Liviiinoou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Tni I.+n Oi Rion+ Iiion+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Tni I.+n Oi Rion+ Miuiiiiss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Wni+nin Tni Nonii Iion+ioiu I.+n
W.s Sinxoiziu I Di+.ii On No+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
How To Inouici Viv.ss.l S.+i, Ision+ Miuiiiiss . . . . 1zz
Ixvi..+io O Ision+ Moxi+.nv Coci+n.+io
(Viv.ss.l Kn.ix. S.xluni) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1z
Inovin Ision+ Kowiiuoi Oiv v Miuiii No+io . . . . . . . . 1z6
No Ision+ Wi+noi+ Miuiiiiss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1z;
Tni I.+n Oi Rion+ Coci+n.+io . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1z
Assin+io Tn.+ Viv.ss.l C.o+ Diviiov
Wi+noi+ }nl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1o
Tni I.+n Oi Rion+ Viiw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
K.xx.ss.x.+. S.xxluini . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Tni I.+n I Tnnii S+.ois . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
When lhe hve ascelics sav lhe odhisaua arlaking solid food,
lhey misunderslood his aclion and become disaoinled.
They lhoughl: If living on a handful of ea sou had nol led
him lo higher knovledge, hov could he execl lo auain lhal
by ealing solid food again` They mis|udged him, lhinking
lhal he had abandoned lhe slruggle and reverled back lo lhe
luxurious vay of life lo gain riches and ersonal glory. Thus,
lhey le him in disgusl and venl lo slay in lhe deer sanclu-
ary in lhe lovnshi of enares.
Tnr ENircnfrNVrNf
The dearlure of lhe hve ascelics aorded lhe odhisaua lhe
oorlunily lo slruggle for hnal liberalion in comlele solilude.
The Mla Iannasa (Vol. z, g. 1z) gives a descrilion of hov,
vorking alone vilh no one near him for a full forlnighl, sealed
on lhe lhrone of Wisdom (under lhe lree of Inlighlenmenl), he
auained Omniscience, lhe Inlighlenmenl of a uddha.
The odhisaua had gone forlh al lhe age of lvenly-nine and
senl six years raclising exlreme auslerily. Nov al lhe age
of lhirly-hve, slill youlhful and in good heallh, vilhin heen
days of resumlion of regular meals, his body had hlled u
as before and regained lhe lhirly-lvo hysical characlerislics
of a Greal eing. Having lhus buill u slrenglh and energy
again lhrough normal nourishmenl, lhe odhisaua raclised
lhe in-brealhing, oul-brealhing medilalion and remained ab-
sorbed in lhe bliss of lhe hrsl jnna, vhich vas characlerized
by lhoughl-concelion, discursive lhinking, ralure, |oy and
j
one-oinledness of mind. Then he enlered lhe second slale of
lhe jnna, vhich vas accomanied by ralure, |oy and concen-
lralion. Al lhe lhird slale of lhe jnna, he en|oyed only |oy and
one-oinledness of mind and al lhe fourlh slage, equanimily
and clear mindfulness (one-oinledness).
Iarly on lhe full moon day of Kason (Aril) in lhe year 1o of
lhe Greal Ira, i.e. zjj1 years ago, counling back from lhe year
1z of lhe urmese Ira, he sal dovn under lhe o Tree (lhe
odhi Tree) near lhe big village of Senanigma availing lhe
hour of going for alms food. Al lhal lime, Su|l, lhe daughler
of a rich man from lhe village, vas making rearalions lo
give an oering lo lhe lree-siril of lhe o lree. She senl her
maid ahead lo lidy u lhe area under lhe sread of lhe holy
lree. Al lhe sighl of lhe odhisaua sealed under lhe lree, lhe
maid lhoughl lhe deily had made himself visible lo receive
lheir oering in erson. She ran back in greal excilemenl lo
inform her mislress.
Su|l ul lhe milk rice vhich she had cooked early in lhe
morning in a golden bovl vorlh a hundred lhousand ieces
of money. She covered lhe same vilh anolher golden bovl.
She lhen roceeded vilh lhe bovls lo lhe fool of lhe banyan
lree vhere lhe odhisaua remained sealed and ul lhe bovls
in lhe hand of lhe odhisaua, saying, May your vishes ros-
er like mine have. So saying, she dearled.
Su|l, on becoming a maiden, had made a rayer al lhe
banyan lree: If I gel a husband of equal rank and same casle
vilh myself and my hrsl born is a son, I vill make an oer-
6
ing. Her rayer had been fulhlled and her oering of milk
rice lhal day vas inlended for lhe lree deily in fulhllmenl
of her ledge. Hovever, laler vhen she learnl lhal lhe odhi-
saua had gained Inlighlenmenl aer laking lhe milk rice of-
fered by her, she vas over|oyed vilh lhe lhoughl lhal she had
made a noble deed of lhe grealesl meril.
The odhisaua lhen venl dovn lo lhe river Neran|ara and
had a balh. Aer balhing, he made lhe milk rice oered by
Su|l inlo forly-nine ellels and ale il. The meal over, he
discarded lhe golden bovl inlo lhe river saying: If I am lo
become a uddha loday, lel lhe bovl go uslream. The bovl
dried uslream for a considerable dislance againsl lhe svi
oving currenl, and on reaching lhe abode of lhe snake king,
Kala, sank inlo lhe river lo lie al lhe bouom vilh lhe bovls of
lhe lhree revious uddhas.
Then lhe odhisaua resled lhe vhole day in lhe foresl glade
near lhe bank of lhe river. As evening fell, he venl lovards
lhe o lree, meeling on lhe vay a grasscuuer named Souhiya
vho gave him eighl handfuls of grass. In India holy men used
lo reare a lace lo sil and slee on by sreading sheaves of
grass. The odhisaua sread lhe grass under lhe lree on lhe
easlern side. Then vilh lhe solemn resolulion Never from
lhis seal vill I slir unlil I have auained lhe sureme and ab-
solule visdom, he sal dovn cross-legged on lhe grass cover
facing easl.
Al lhis oinl Mra made his aearance and conlesled for lhe
seal under lhe o lree vilh a viev lo oose lhe odhisaua's
;
resolulion and revenl him from auaining uddhahood. y
invoking lhe virlues he had accumulaled lhrough lhe ages,
fulhlling lhe Ten Ierfeclions such as Charily, elc., he over-
came lhe moleslalions sel u by Mra before lhe sun had sel.
Aer lhus vanquishing Mra, in lhe hrsl valch of lhe nighl
lhrough jnnic medilalions, lhe odhisaua acquired lhe knov-
ledge of revious exislences, in lhe middle valch of lhe nighl,
lhe divine eye, and in lhe lasl valch of lhe nighl, he conlem-
laled on lhe lav of Deendenl Originalion folloved by de-
velomenl of Insighl inlo lhe arising and ceasing of lhe hve
aggregales of grasing. This Insighl gave him in succession
lhe knovledge erlaining lo lhe four Holy Ialhs, resulling h-
nally in full Inlighlenmenl or Omniscience.
Having become a fully Inlighlened One, he senl seven days
on lhe Throne of Wisdom under lhe o lree and seven days
each al six olher laces, forly-nine days in all, en|oying lhe bliss
of lhe fourlh slale of Iruilion (Iruils of Arahalshi) and on-
dering long uon his nevly found syslem of Lav (Dhamma).
ExfrrVr Ausfrrrfv Is A ForV Or Srir-Morfrrrc~froN
The hh veek vas senl under lhe goalherd (Ajjap|a) anyan
lree and vhile lhere he reecled on his abandonmenl of lhe
auslerily raclices: Delivered am I from lhe auslerily rac-
lices vhich cause hysical ain and suering. Il is vell lhal
I'm delivered of lhal unrohlable raclice of auslerily. Hov de-
lighlful il is lo be liberaled and have gained Inlighlenmenl.
8
Mra, vho vas closely folloving every lhoughl and aclion of
lhe uddha, ever alerl lo accuse him of any lases, immedi-
alely addressed lhe uddha: Aarl from lhe auslerily rac-
lices, lhere is no vay lo urify beings, Golama has devialed
from lhe alh of urily. While slill dehled, he vrongly be-
lieves he has achieved urily.
The uddha relied: All lhe exlreme raclices of auslerily
emloyed vilh a viev lo achieve lhe Dealhless (lhe Immorlal
Slale) are useless, unrohlable much as lhe cars, addles and
ushing oles are useless on land, on lhe sand banks. Iully
convinced lhal lhey are unrohlable, I have abandoned all
forms of self-morlihcalion.
The Commenlary also menlions lhal exlreme raclices such
as scanly diel, scanly clolhing, conslilule self-lorlure. Thal ex-
lreme auslerily is a form of self-morlihcalion should be care-
fully noled here for beuer comrehension of lhe Dhamma-
cakka Suua vhen ve deal vilh il.
CoNsrnrrrNc Tnr QursfroN Or OrvrNc Tnr Frrsf SrrVoN
Having senl seven days each al seven dierenl laces, lhe
uddha venl back lo lhe goalherd's banyan lree on lhe hielh
day. Sealed under lhe lree, he considered: To vhom should
I besl leach lhe doclrine hrsl` Who vould quickly comre-
hend lhe Dhamma` Then il occurred lo him: There is Alra
Klma vho is learned, skilled and inlelligenl. He has long
been a erson having bul liule dusl of dehlemenl in lhe eye
(u!aqa||naqa na) and |nanga nna. They even say lhey refer
lhe quicker melhod.
ul sludying nna and rpa and lheir dehnilions and descri-
lions from lhe lexls and beginning lo conlemlale on lhem,
slarling from vherever one desires, vill nol give rise lo lrue
viassan Insighl. Consequenlly, lhe arising of a laler knov-
ledge suerior lo lhe recedenl one in accordance vilh lhe
Teaching cannol be exerienced lhis vay. }usl as a sludenl in-
creases lhe relenlive over of lhe lexl he has learnl by role
by reelilive recilalion, so also such raclice vill hel only lo
remember lhe dehnilions and descrilions of nna and rpa.
No exlraordinary insighl vill resull from such raclice.
Il has come lo our knovledge lhal al a vell-knovn medilalion
cenlre, auemls vere made lo go lhrough lhe vhole series
of various slages of knovledge develomenl |usl by follov-
ing lhe slages sle by sle as lhey have learnl from lhe lexls.
Aer reaching lhe slage of sanknarupckkna-na (knovledge
acquired by reecling uon lhe formalions of exislence) dif-
hcully vas encounlered vhen lhey come lo anu|cna and gc-
ira|nu nagga pn|a-na slages. So lhey had lo go back righl
lo lhe beginning. This is an inslance lo shov lhal viassan
Insighl cannol be realized lhrough shorlculs.
y raclising medilalion in accordance vilh lhe Saliallhna
Suua and develoing lhe Middle Ialh or Iighlfold Ialh, one
is bound lo exerience deeer suerior knovledge aer each
recedenl knovledge as slaled in lhe Dhammacakka suua:
Vision arose, knovledge arose.
j
Tnr Krirs4s Arr C~iVrn
The Middle Ialh also leads lo calm, lhe lranquilizalion of
ki|css. In a erson vho develos lhe Iighlfold Ialh, lhe ki|css
remain lranquilized. Vipassan nagga roduces momenlary
calmness vhile lhe ariqa nagga brings aboul a comlele anni-
hilalion of ki|css.
Indulgence in sensuous leasures does nol al all lead lo lhe
cessalion of ki|css. Ralher, il hels lo develo more and more
of lhem. Once il is given in lo lhe lemlalion for en|oymenl of
sensuous leasures, craving for reealed gralihcalion resulls.
Coming inlo ossession of one sense-ob|ecl leads lo desire
lo ossess more and more. One craving develos more and
more craving. There is no end lo il.
You have only lo lake lhe examle of lhe rich eole of lhe de-
veloed counlries. They have everylhing lhey need. Yel lhey
are never salished. There is no end lo lheir desires. Il is quile ob-
vious, lherefore, lhal raclice of sensuous indulgence does nol
romole cessalion of ki|css. Il only causes lheir mullilicalion.
Self-morlihcalion raclices also do nol lend lo lerminale ki|css.
The raclilioners of lhis melhod may hold lhe belief lhal ex-
osure lo exlreme cold, exlreme heal and slricl fasling lend
lo remove lhe ki|css. In facl, il is one's lovered vilalily, as
a resull of exlreme raclices, lhal kees lhe ki|css in check
lemorarily. During serious illness or suering from ainful
diseases, vhen lhe hysical slrenglh is al a lov ebb, ki|css
remain dormanl. ul aer lhe illness, once normal heallh and
6
slrenglh is regained, desires for sensual gralihcalion make
lheir aearance as usual.
Thus, aer coming oul of lhe raclice of self-morlihcalion, or
sloing lhe raclice for some lime, vhen vilalily relurns,
ki|css also relurn as before. Iven vhile self-morlihcalion is
being raclised, allhough gross ki|css remain suressed,
hne, sublle ki|css conlinue lo arise. There vill arise desires
for comforlable living, free from discomforl and ain of lhe
raclice. There is bound lo arise loo ki|css of lhe vrong viev
of self 'I am doing lhe raclice', lhe vrong viev of conceil
'No one can do such raclice' and lhe vrong belief in raclice
'lhal il vill lead lo liberalion'.
WroNc Brirrr IN Tnr Pr~cfrcr Sli~ii~f~i~r4V4s~ Dr))nr
Holding a vrong raclice as a righl raclice is called Si|a|-
|aiaparnsa, vrong belief in lhe raclice. According lo lhe
leaching of lhe uddha, aarl from lhe Noble Iighlfold Ialh,
vhich leads lo lhe develomenl of si|a, san!ni and pa, all
olher raclices are vrong raclices and laking lhem as righl
raclices amounls lo vrong belief in lhe raclice.
Nol seeing lhe Trulh,
Keeing aside lhe Ialh,
Hoing for lasling hainess,
T'is vrong belief in raclice.
Iverylhing lhal aears al lhe six doors of lhe senses consli-
lules lhe hve Grous of Grasing, namely, rpa and nna, lhe
Trulh of Suering. Medilaling on rpa and nna is raclising
;
lhe Ialh by vhich lhe Iour Noble Trulhs vill be underslood.
elieving in and raclising any olher melhod vhich kees
aside lhe nagga Ialh and vhich does nol lead lo undersland-
ing lhe Iour Noble Trulhs, is vrong belief in lhe raclice (si|a|-
|aia parnsa !iiini).
There are eole vho are reaching lhal Il is nol necessary
lo raclise medilalion nor lo observe lhe recels (si|a). Il is
sucienl lo lislen lo sermons and learn by hearl lhe nalure
of rpa and nna. Il vill be necessary lo consider vhelher
such vievs amounl lo si|a||aia parnsa. In our oinion, such
reachmenls amounl lo leaching vrong viev in raclice as
lhis melhod excludes lhe lhree discilines of si|a, san!ni and
tipassan insighl.
A scipanna, being vell-eslablished in lhe knovledge of lhe
righl viassan raclice, is nol liable lo hold lhe vrong viev
of si|a||aia parnsas. In fulure exislences, lhere is no danger
of him falling inlo lhis vrong belief. This is calming lhe ki|cs
by virlue of lhe Noble Ialh.
TrVior~rv PuffrNc Aw~v
When a sense ob|ecl under conlemlalion is noled as im-
ermanenl, suering, insubslanlial, lhe dehlemenls of mind
(ki|css) vhich vould accrue by vrongly holding lhem as
ermanenl, leasanl, and subslanlial, vould have no chance
lo arise. This amounls lo lemorary uuing avay of ki|cs,
|usl as lighl disels darkness by virlue of mulually oosing
nalure, as exlained in lhe Visuddhi Magga.
8
This is hov ki|cs, lying dormanl in lhe sense ob|ecl (ran-
nannusaqa) vhich vould have risen if nol noled, is removed
by means of a fraclion of viassan insighl. Wise eole
should onder vell over lhis illuslralion given in lhe Visud-
dhi Magga.
If, as some eole hold, conlemlaling lhe knovledge ac-
quired by mere learning (suia-naqa-na) leads lo viassan,
lhe queslion arises vhich ki|cs lying dormanl in vhich sense
ob|ecls is eradicaled by lhal viassan insighl. Il vould be
dicull lo ansver lhal queslion in lhe absence of a dehnile
ob|ecl of avareness.
Ior lhe yogi vho, folloving lhe Saliallhna melhod, ob-
serves lhe rpa and nna in lhe rocess of lheir formalion,
lhere are dehnile ob|ecls of avareness lo lake nole of. Al lhe
same lime, lhere are also ob|ecls of avareness lhal escae his
nolice. Thus, he can eradicale lhe ki|css lying dormanl in lhe
ob|ecls he has noled, vhile lhose lying dormanl in lhe ob|ecls
he has failed lo nole remain uneradicaled. The ansver is very
simle for him.
Aer eradicaling lemorarily lhe ki|css lying dormanl in lhe
ob|ecls noled by him, lhere remain in lhe yogi lalenl ki|css
vhich are removed only by lhe ariq nagga. Thus lhe hrsl
slream-vinner (scipanna) has reached lhe slage vhere he has
eradicaled ersonalily-belief (sakkqa !iiini), erlexily (ticikic-
cn) and vrong viev in raclice (si|a||aia) and all dehlemenls
vhich are liable lo cause rebirlh in regions of urgalory. In
lhe saga!agni, all lhe coarse forms of lusl and ill-vill are
CoNciunrNc Sf~frVrNf
naanca pana nc !assanam u!ap!i akupp nc tinuui,
aqananiin jii, nauni !ni puna||natc ii.
Indeed, knovledge and vision arose in me, unshakeable
is my deliverance, my liberalion from dehlemenls is
achieved by means of aranauanagga and pna|a, nol |usl
tikknan|nana, uuing avay ki|csa lo a dislance as by rpa
jnna or arpa jnna. Il is remainderless, roolless eradica-
lion of ki|csa, a liberalion vhich causes comlele calm
again. (He knev, lherefore, by reeclion lhal lhe deliver-
ance vas unshakeable, indeslruclible.) This is lhe lasl
exislence, nov lhere is no more rebirlh for me. Oh hik-
khus, such knovledge and vision had arisen in me, he
concluded.
In lhis concluding slalemenl, lhe vords 'unshakeable is my
deliverance' means lhal his deliverance is nol like lhal ob-
lained by virlue of rpa jnna and arpa jnna vhich may be
deslroyed again. The individual vho has oblained lhe slage
of rpa jnna and arpa jnna is free from ki|csas such as k-
naccnan!a (sensual desire), tqp!a (ill-vill), elc. These ki|csas
remain calm, suressed in him, bul vhen his jnnic auain-
menls deleriorale, sensual desires, ill-vill, elc., make lheir a-
earance again. These jnnas only ul avay lhe ki|csas lo a
dislance (tikknan|nana). The deliverance von by lhe uddha
vas of lhe sanuccnc!a tinuui lye, vhich comlelely eradi-
caled ki|csas vilhoul remainder, and of lhe paiipassa!i tinuui
lye, vhich again calmed dovn and lranquilized lhe olency