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  • Fabrication of Microchannels: (Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Microchannels)

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    Harshit Agrahari
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    Cutting with lasers is both fast and accurate. Your laser will provide clean, smooth cuts that are very precise and repeatable. Laser cutting can actually be described as a vaporization process. As the beam moves, the heat from the laser actually vaporizes your material as it passes by. Safety should be carefully considered if you plan to do much cutting with your laser system. The laser creates intense heat focused on a small area. Acrylics and most plastics are combustible and can catch fire. Do not leave the laser unattended when cutting acrylic and other materials. Keep a fire extinguisher nearby just in case the exhaust fails or another hazardous situation develops. Airflow across the material being cut is also very critical. Make sure your exhaust meets or exceeds the manufacturers' specifications for air volume. A strong exhaust will reduce flaming and keep the residual smoke from damaging the material. Many materials flame when cut with the laser. This could potentially damage expensive optic components. A good exhaust will also help extend the life of these parts. Another method to increase airflow at the cutting point is to use an air assist system available on many laser engravers. The air assist systems provide positive airflow at the hottest area and should reduce or eliminate scorching or flaming while cutting. By blowing the hot smoke and debris down and away, the overall quality will be improved with increased safety. Some materials can actually generate dangerous gasses when being cut with a laser and therefore should be avoided. Materials containing PVC (PolyVinylChloride) produce a chloride gas when laser cut. This gas is very corrosive and will damage the inside of your laser beyond repair over a period of time. Other materials to be cautious of are polyurethane foams and polycarbonite products. Refer to the manufacturers' Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) if you are unsure of the composition of the material to be laser cut. There are several proven techniques for improving laser cutting quality. Materials that generate a lot of smoke while cutting will benefit from masking. This includes thin plastic sheets like engraving plastic and uncoated woods. A medium tack mask material will provide good adhesion to the material while cutting and will be easy to remove afterwards. The paper based mask applied before cutting will greatly reduce the smoke residue created during the cutting process. More demanding cutting applications will benefit from using a medium tack Mylar mask. The Mylar mask is durable enough for creating sandblast masks as well as for making masks for paint filling. When cutting acrylics, remember to remove the brown factory mask first. This brown material contains paraffin wax which is very flammable and hard to extinguish when ignited. Replace with a medium tack paper based mask for best performance. All materials will benefit from raising them off the engraving table. As the beam penetrates the material and passes through it, it can reflect off the table and scattered laser energy can burn or mark the bottom of the material. To eliminate this problem, raise the material above the table using a fixture or cutting table. The final step for improved cutting involves settings of the print driver for the laser system. By increasing the pulse frequency of the laser during cutting, a smoother cut can be created. Partly this is due to the increased pulse frequency taking smaller bites out of the material like a fine tooth saw blade. The more frequent laser pulses also create more localized heat which melts the area smooth. Set the pulsing in the print driver to the maximum level to increase the laser pulsing during cutting. Some systems control the pulsing by increasing the DPI (Dots Per Inch) setting to maximum for the same effect. Consult your laser system manual for detailed instructions on adjusting pulse frequency. Your laser system is a powerful tool with many capabilities for prod

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    Cutting with lasers is both fast and accurate. Your laser will provide clean, smooth cuts that are very precise and repeatable. Laser cutting can actually be described as a vaporization process. As the beam moves, the heat from the laser actually vaporizes your material as it passes by. Safety should be carefully considered if you plan to do much cutting with your laser system. The laser creates intense heat focused on a small area. Acrylics and most plastics are combustible and can catch fire. Do not leave the laser unattended when cutting acrylic and other materials. Keep a fire extinguisher nearby just in case the exhaust fails or another hazardous situation develops. Airflow across the material being cut is also very critical. Make sure your exhaust meets or exceeds the manufacturers' specifications for air volume. A strong exhaust will reduce flaming and keep the residual smoke from damaging the material. Many materials flame when cut with the laser. This could potentially damage expensive optic components. A good exhaust will also help extend the life of these parts. Another method to increase airflow at the cutting point is to use an air assist system available on many laser engravers. The air assist systems provide positive airflow at the hottest area and should reduce or eliminate scorching or flaming while cutting. By blowing the hot smoke and debris down and away, the overall quality will be improved with increased safety. Some materials can actually generate dangerous gasses when being cut with a laser and therefore should be avoided. Materials containing PVC (PolyVinylChloride) produce a chloride gas when laser cut. This gas is very corrosive and will damage the inside of your laser beyond repair over a period of time. Other materials to be cautious of are polyurethane foams and polycarbonite products. Refer to the manufacturers' Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) if you are unsure of the composition of the material to be laser cut. There are several proven techniques for improving laser cutting quality. Materials that generate a lot of smoke while cutting will benefit from masking. This includes thin plastic sheets like engraving plastic and uncoated woods. A medium tack mask material will provide good adhesion to the material while cutting and will be easy to remove afterwards. The paper based mask applied before cutting will greatly reduce the smoke residue created during the cutting process. More demanding cutting applications will benefit from using a medium tack Mylar mask. The Mylar mask is durable enough for creating sandblast masks as well as for making masks for paint filling. When cutting acrylics, remember to remove the brown factory mask first. This brown material contains paraffin wax which is very flammable and hard to extinguish when ignited. Replace with a medium tack paper based mask for best performance. All materials will benefit from raising them off the engraving table. As the beam penetrates the material and passes through it, it can reflect off the table and scattered laser energy can burn or mark the bottom of the material. To eliminate this problem, raise the material above the table using a fixture or cutting table. The final step for improved cutting involves settings of the print driver for the laser system. By increasing the pulse frequency of the laser during cutting, a smoother cut can be created. Partly this is due to the increased pulse frequency taking smaller bites out of the material like a fine tooth saw blade. The more frequent laser pulses also create more localized heat which melts the area smooth. Set the pulsing in the print driver to the maximum level to increase the laser pulsing during cutting. Some systems control the pulsing by increasing the DPI (Dots Per Inch) setting to maximum for the same effect. Consult your laser system manual for detailed instructions on adjusting pulse frequency. Your laser system is a powerful tool with many capabilities for prod

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    23 views3 pages

    Fabrication of Microchannels: (Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Microchannels)

    Uploaded by

    Harshit Agrahari
    Cutting with lasers is both fast and accurate. Your laser will provide clean, smooth cuts that are very precise and repeatable. Laser cutting can actually be described as a vaporization process. As the beam moves, the heat from the laser actually vaporizes your material as it passes by. Safety should be carefully considered if you plan to do much cutting with your laser system. The laser creates intense heat focused on a small area. Acrylics and most plastics are combustible and can catch fire. Do not leave the laser unattended when cutting acrylic and other materials. Keep a fire extinguisher nearby just in case the exhaust fails or another hazardous situation develops. Airflow across the material being cut is also very critical. Make sure your exhaust meets or exceeds the manufacturers' specifications for air volume. A strong exhaust will reduce flaming and keep the residual smoke from damaging the material. Many materials flame when cut with the laser. This could potentially damage expensive optic components. A good exhaust will also help extend the life of these parts. Another method to increase airflow at the cutting point is to use an air assist system available on many laser engravers. The air assist systems provide positive airflow at the hottest area and should reduce or eliminate scorching or flaming while cutting. By blowing the hot smoke and debris down and away, the overall quality will be improved with increased safety. Some materials can actually generate dangerous gasses when being cut with a laser and therefore should be avoided. Materials containing PVC (PolyVinylChloride) produce a chloride gas when laser cut. This gas is very corrosive and will damage the inside of your laser beyond repair over a period of time. Other materials to be cautious of are polyurethane foams and polycarbonite products. Refer to the manufacturers' Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) if you are unsure of the composition of the material to be laser cut. There are several proven techniques for improving laser cutting quality. Materials that generate a lot of smoke while cutting will benefit from masking. This includes thin plastic sheets like engraving plastic and uncoated woods. A medium tack mask material will provide good adhesion to the material while cutting and will be easy to remove afterwards. The paper based mask applied before cutting will greatly reduce the smoke residue created during the cutting process. More demanding cutting applications will benefit from using a medium tack Mylar mask. The Mylar mask is durable enough for creating sandblast masks as well as for making masks for paint filling. When cutting acrylics, remember to remove the brown factory mask first. This brown material contains paraffin wax which is very flammable and hard to extinguish when ignited. Replace with a medium tack paper based mask for best performance. All materials will benefit from raising them off the engraving table. As the beam penetrates the material and passes through it, it can reflect off the table and scattered laser energy can burn or mark the bottom of the material. To eliminate this problem, raise the material above the table using a fixture or cutting table. The final step for improved cutting involves settings of the print driver for the laser system. By increasing the pulse frequency of the laser during cutting, a smoother cut can be created. Partly this is due to the increased pulse frequency taking smaller bites out of the material like a fine tooth saw blade. The more frequent laser pulses also create more localized heat which melts the area smooth. Set the pulsing in the print driver to the maximum level to increase the laser pulsing during cutting. Some systems control the pulsing by increasing the DPI (Dots Per Inch) setting to maximum for the same effect. Consult your laser system manual for detailed instructions on adjusting pulse frequency. Your laser system is a powerful tool with many capabilities for prod

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Fabrication of Microchannels

    As part of (Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Microchannels)

    Submitted By

    Harshit Kumar Gupta


    Roll No: 2010078

    Supervisor Prof. Tanuja Sheorey

    MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESCIPLINE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING JABALPUR (22 July-5 August)

    Laser Cutting
    Cutting with lasers is both fast and accurate. Your laser will provide clean, smooth cuts that are very precise and repeatable. Laser cutting can actually be described as a vaporization process. As the beam moves, the heat from the laser actually vaporizes your material as it passes by. Safety should be carefully considered if you plan to do much cutting with your laser system. The laser creates intense heat focused on a small area. Acrylics and most plastics are combustible and can catch fire. Do not leave the laser unattended when cutting acrylic and other materials. Keep a fire extinguisher nearby just in case the exhaust fails or another hazardous situation develops. Airflow across the material being cut is also very critical. Make sure your exhaust meets or exceeds the manufacturers' specifications for air volume. A strong exhaust will reduce flaming and keep the residual smoke from damaging the material. Many materials flame when cut with the laser. This could potentially damage expensive optic components. A good exhaust will also help extend the life of these parts. Another method to increase airflow at the cutting point is to use an air assist system available on many laser engravers. The air assist systems provide positive airflow at the hottest area and should reduce or eliminate scorching or flaming while cutting. By blowing the hot smoke and debris down and away, the overall quality will be improved with increased safety. Some materials can actually generate dangerous gasses when being cut with a laser and therefore should be avoided. Materials containing PVC (PolyVinylChloride) produce a chloride gas when laser cut. This gas is very corrosive and will damage the inside of your laser beyond repair over a period of time. Other materials to be cautious of are polyurethane foams and polycarbonite products. Refer to the manufacturers' Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) if you are unsure of the composition of the material to be laser cut. There are several proven techniques for improving laser cutting quality. Materials that generate a lot of smoke while cutting will benefit from masking. This includes thin plastic sheets like engraving plastic and uncoated woods. A medium tack mask material will provide good adhesion to the material while cutting and will be easy to remove afterwards. The paper based mask applied before cutting will greatly reduce the smoke residue created during the cutting process. More demanding cutting applications will benefit from using a medium tack Mylar mask. The Mylar mask is durable enough for creating sandblast masks as well as for making masks for paint filling.

    Page 2 of 3

    When cutting acrylics, remember to remove the brown factory mask first. This brown material contains paraffin wax which is very flammable and hard to extinguish when ignited. Replace with a medium tack paper based mask for best performance. All materials will benefit from raising them off the engraving table. As the beam penetrates the material and passes through it, it can reflect off the table and scattered laser energy can burn or mark the bottom of the material. To eliminate this problem, raise the material above the table using a fixture or cutting table. The final step for improved cutting involves settings of the print driver for the laser system. By increasing the pulse frequency of the laser during cutting, a smoother cut can be created. Partly this is due to the increased pulse frequency taking smaller bites out of the material like a fine tooth saw blade. The more frequent laser pulses also create more localized heat which melts the area smooth. Set the pulsing in the print driver to the maximum level to increase the laser pulsing during cutting. Some systems control the pulsing by increasing the DPI (Dots Per Inch) setting to maximum for the same effect. Consult your laser system manual for detailed instructions on adjusting pulse frequency. Your laser system is a powerful tool with many capabilities for productive and profitable operation. The laser as a cutting tool is unique with its broad range of applications and tremendous accuracy.

    Page 3 of 3

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