Managing Business Research

Research on the usage of mobile phone and its impact while driving
arranged in a hierarchy of complexity from simple to

complex.
REPORT
MANAGING BUSINESS
RESEARCH
Submitted To:
Sir Asim Athor
1
SAYED MURAD ALI SHAH
ID: 1274
Class: MBA IV
CELL No : 0344-3470948
SIGNATURE: ________________
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
First of all thanks to ALLAH Almighty for giving us strength and courage to come up
with such tasks
Then special thanks to Miss Farah Nawaz for her endless support and help, without
which coming up this report would have been next to impossible. She gave us such
informative project to enhance our capabilities and thanks for her ideas and concepts that
help us to do this project successfully. We had a great experience and we also learned a
lot through this research.
We are also thankful to our esteem teacher Sir Asim Athor for his great efforts in clearing
our concepts regarding research.
Then last but not the least we would like to thank our classmates and other friends who
were very co-operative with us throughout this report and semester.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The number of cell phone subscribers in the country has crossed the 10 million mark for
the first time ever, outnumbering those using the 50-year-old fixed telephony service by
100 percent in just ten years. The objective of this report is to summarize existing
information on the subject of mobile phone use while driving, in order to provide a
concise summary of the issues for the public, researchers, and legislators alike. The report
discusses the benefits of mobile phone usage while driving, such as driver safety and time
use efficiency, and negative aspects such as its potential for driver distraction resulting in
accidents.
The report contains information on the demographics of mobile phone use in the
Pakistan, focusing on user demographics and frequency of usage while driving. Although
once used primarily by high-income business people, user demographics are now much
more similar to the demographics of the Pakistan population as a whole. Findings from
literature on the subject of mobile phone use and driving performance are highly variable.
In general, the literature shows that the effect of mobile phone use on driving is a
complex issue with several influencing factors including the type of mobile phone used,
the type of conversation undertaken, and the demographics of the user. In general, it was
found that mobile phone use does have an adverse affect on driving performance, but the
significance of the distraction is difficult to quantify.
This report concludes that data collection on a university scale is the first, most important
step to accurately evaluating the risk associated with mobile phone use, and therefore
assessing the need for any legislative regulations on usage. Several countries have
already banned mobile phone use while driving. Alternatively, laws may develop through
civil court cases where mobile phone users, manufacturers, service providers, etc. are
found liable for automobile accidents. With mobile phone use likely to continue to
increase in the future, the safety of driving while using a mobile phone will become a
very important safety issue. Therefore, it is important to begin to collect better data on the
risks associated with using a mobile phone while driving. In this manner, the need for
legislation can be accurately measured, and, if legislation is needed, its extent, role, and
effectiveness in saving lives can be better assessed.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Research Process 6
Introduction Section
Introduction 7
Objective and scope 9
Literature Review 10
Problem Statement 12
Theoretical Framework 13
Relationship among the Variables 14
Hypothesis Testing 16
Research Design Details 17
Methods Section
Sampling 18
Data Collection Methods 19
Results
Feel for the data 19
Graphical analysis 20
Findings 29
Conclusions 30
Recommendations 31
Appendix A 32
Appendix B 34
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RESEARCH PROCESS
Observation
“Observing the
increasing trend of
accidents in
Pakistan”. Theoretica
l
Framewor Hypothesi
k s
Independent Scientific
Problem Variable:
definition Incoming &
Using mobile Design
phone while – Explanatory
“usage of Outgoing calls
driving, results – Co-relational
mobile phone and text
in an increase in – Non-Contrived
and its impact messages
the accidents. – Individuals
while driving.” Dependent
. – Cross-Sectional
Variable:
Accidents
Moderating
Variable:
Ignore calls and
avoid texting
Intervening Data Collection / Analysis
Preliminary Variable:
Data
- Analysis of questionnaire
Gathering
“Literature Survey of
usage of mobile
phones and its impact
while driving”
Deduction
 24% strongly disagree to the fact that
mobile phones should be used while
driving.
 Talking on mobile phones deviate the
concentration from driving.
 New gadgets should be introduced in
the car to prevent accidents.
 Most of the people use mobile phone in
case of emergency while driving.
Report Presentation Discussion

Yes Writing
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INTRODUCTION SECTION -1
INTRODUCTION:-
Mobile phones first appeared in Pakistan during the 1980s, but were expensive and
bulky. However, modern mobile phones are small, compact, easy to use and have become
an essential part of life for many people. Changes in the technology, from heavy,
cumbersome and expensive cellular telephones, to inexpensive, miniature hand held
units, smaller than a pack of cigarettes, have had a significant impact on when, where and
how we conduct our affairs, both business and personal. Societal pressures for increased
efficiency, more leisure time, and an improved sense of safety, have placed wireless
communications at the forefront of potential solutions for an increasingly mobile and
technologically sophisticated populace.
However, there is considerable concern that using a mobile phone while driving creates a
significant accident risk, to the user and to other people on the road, because it distracts
the driver, impairs their control of the vehicle and reduces their awareness of what is
happening on the road around them.
Physical Distraction
When using a hand-held mobile phone, drivers must remove one hand from the steering
wheel to hold and operate the phone. They must also take their eyes off the road, atleast
momentarily, to pick up and putdown the phone and to dial numbers. While using a hand-
held phone, the driver must continue to simultaneously operate the vehicle (steer, change
gear, use indicators,etc) with only one hand. Although the physical distraction is far
greater with hand-held phones, there is still some physical activity with hands-free
systems. Even though they do not need to be held during the call, the driver must still
divert their eyes from the road to locate the phone and (usually) press atleastone button.
Cognitive Distraction
When mental (cognitive) tasks are performed concurrently, the performance of both tasks
is often worse than if they were performed separately, because attention has to be
divided, or switched, between the tasks and the tasks must compete for the same
cognitive processes. When a driver is using a hand-held or hands-free mobile phone
while driving,
She or he must devote part of their attention to operating the phone and maintaining the
telephone conversation and part to operating the vehicle and responding to the constantly
changing road and traffic conditions. The demands of the phone conversation must
compete with the demands of driving the vehicle safely.
This Review examines the effects that using a mobile phone while driving has on driving
performance and on accident risk. It comprises:
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1. The amount of concentration, which is needed when, driving, is not high

enough when you’re on a mobile as you are giving a lot of attention to your
phone and not the road. This means you can easily miss vital road signs etc
and perhaps then be putting lives at risk.
2. If you have one hand to hold the phone, you only have one hand free to
control the steering wheel which controls the car so you are in a much greater
risk of losing control of the vehicle and having an accident. You can be
putting your life and other's lives at risk.
3. There is a high chance that the police will catch you as it is completely illegal.
There is many police that could just drive past your car and spot you driving,
then your can get arrested and could then possibly get a fine of o to prison.
Cellular telephone use while driving is not without controversy. Public, legislative, and
media concern about the safety of using a cellular telephone while driving has been
expressed for some time. In recent years, perhaps because of the growing user population,
the frequency with which concern has been voiced has grown considerably. It is the
frequency with which these concerns have been raised, from the public, members of
Congress and the media, that has prompted the research described in this report.
Mobile-phone use while driving is common but controversial. While few jurisdictions
have banned motorists from using mobile phones while driving outright, some have
banned or restricted drivers from using hand-held mobile phones while exempting
phones operated in a hands-free fashion. It is generally agreed that using a hand-held
mobile phone while driving is a distraction that brings risk of road traffic accidents.
However, some studies have found similarly elevated accident rates among drivers using
hands-free phones, suggesting that the distraction of a telephone conversation itself is the
main safety problem.
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OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE:
The objective of this report is to assess the current state of knowledge regarding the
impact of cellular telephone use on motor vehicle drivers while driving, and explore the
broader safety issues associated with such use. While the primary scope of this report
focuses on the potential impact of voice communications on driving, continuing
development and availability of cellular technologies with integrated office functionality
(e.g., network/Internet access, e-mail, paging, etc.) has also raised questions among some
observers about the potential implications of such use on traffic safety. Thus, where
relevant, consideration is also given to the possible impact of these technological
developments.
The approach taken in preparing this report included a review of available literature,
targeted data collection and the identification of potential links between driver phone use
and specific traffic hazards.
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LITERATURE REVIEW
Review 1
“Don’t talk & drive warns new code”.
DATE: Friday, Feb 26, 1999 published at 11:39 GMT
SOURCE: BBC NEWS/UK
The article is from a news column in BBA News UK. It states that while
driving, talking on mobile phone, even a hand free type is prohibited in new
driver’s manual, the “HIGHWAY CODE”, plus it can be dangerously
distracting while driving. Highway Code is used as benchmarks by the
courts; however it is not a legal forced law. Drivers who have accidents
while using mobile phones are less likely to get sympathetic hearings from
judges. Using mobile phones while driving distracts the driver’s attention
from the road which results in accidents. The article also states that there are
a number of drivers who have been imprisoned after having such accidents.
An incident is quoted in this article that there was a women who was jailed
for 12 months after admitting causing death by dangerous driving. She hit
the car badly while overtaking as she talked to her boyfriend on her mobile
phone. Overall this article briefly tells about the new code for drivers
including cautions and advices on courteous and considerable driving.
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Review 2
“MOBILE PHONE AND DRIVING”
DATE: Monday, 26 May 2003 Published at 12:32 GMT
AUTHOR: Freddy Decrose and John Mathews.
The article highlights that using mobile while driving can cause serious
mishaps. It states that although mobile phones have made communication
easier but they have proved to be a lethal weapon combined with driving. A
driver is four times more likely to crash his car that uses mobile phone while
driving; however this is also a fact that under any crashes, usage of mobile
phones is underestimated. Using a mobile phone while driving can cause
both cognitive and physical distractions; specifically it impairs a driver’s:
reaction time, visual search patterns, ability to maintain speed & position on
road and other various things. The article also highlights on the TAC’S new
campaign against this regard and The Law under which it was stated that
Victoria banned the use of mobile phones in 1988 and using a handheld
mobile phone is the third most common on the spot offence
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PROBLEM STATEMENT:
“Usage of mobile phone and its impact

while driving”
12
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK:
Independent Variable VS Dependent Variable
Incoming & Outgoing

calls
Accidents
Text messages
The relationship between the Dependent and Independent variables is positive, as

it is clear that if a person attends or makes a call while driving then it could lead to
an accident. Similarly, if a person text’s a message or receives a message while
driving then again it can lead to an accident.
Independent Variable Dependent Variable
Incoming & Outgoing

calls Accidents
Text messages
Ignore
calls &
avoid
texting
Moderating Variable
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The relationship between the Moderating Variable and the Dependent Variable
can either be positive or negative as it depend from case to case. If a person
ignores a call and avoid texting while driving then it has a positive effect on
accidents else a negative impact might be seen. Even if a person ignores a call but
does not avoid texting, then again it is dangerous as a person can indulge in an
accident.
Independent variable
Incoming &
Outgoing Intervening Variable Dependent Variable
calls
Distraction Accidents
Text Messages
As distraction increases with the increase of time, so accidents also increase with
the time. Here, distraction affects on incoming & outgoing calls and text messages
and both of them produces a great impact on accidents. So, intervening variable is
distraction.
14
RELATIONSHIP AMONG THE VARIABLES
Independent variable
Incoming &
Outgoing Intervening Variable Dependent Variable
calls
Distraction Accidents
Text Messages
Ignore
calls &
avoid
texting
15
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
Ho: Null Hypothesis

Usage of mobile phone while driving is the reason in causing accidents.
HA: Alternative Hypothesis

Using mobile phone while driving does not has a direct effect in causing accidents.
Statistical Test
As the sample size is greater then 30 therefore Z-test will be used.
Level of Significance
Using 95% confidence interval we have:
α = 5% = 0.05
α/2 = 2.5% = .025
Z α/2 = ± 1.967
Computation:
Z = (xbar – μ) / (σ/√n)
=-1.68
Decision
As per the calculated value is less then the critical value, therefore we will accept the null
hypothesis.
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RESEARCH DESIGN DETAILS
Purpose of Study
The purpose of our study is exploratory in nature due to the fact that we did not posses
much information and no research work had been done in the past. This research project
was to ascertain the importance of incoming & outgoing calls and text messages that are
necessary in concluding that how many accidents or how often accidents takes place.
Type of Investigation
We wish to find the important variables associated with the problem not to find the cause
of the problem. Therefore, our study is completely co-relational in nature, as we only
have to find the contributing factors.
Study Setting
This is a non-contrived study as our survey took place in a natural environment. The
setting was neither controlled nor any artificial settings created.
Unit of Analysis
Because the researchers were interested in ascertaining the degree that how important is
the usage of mobile phone while driving in causing accidents, the unit of analysis for this
purpose were the individuals. Data would be collected from them (students of Bahria)
and would be treated as the data source.
Time Horizon
The data for this research were collected over a period of one week. Because no previous
research had been done by the team on this topic or on any subsequent extension of the
research contemplated, the study is one-shot or cross-sectional in nature.
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METHOD SECTION: -- 2
Sample
The population of the study comprises the students of Bahria University located in
Karachi. Formal questionnaires where dispatched to these students personally
administered by the group members.
The questionnaire comprised of 16 questions. The questionnaires took the basic

information of the causes, and then came to their impacts of mobile phones while driving.
The questionnaires were forwarded to approximately 125 students out of whom only 110
students filled out the questionnaires.
Data-Collection Methods
The questionnaires were sent physically to the respondents and were personally
administered by the group members. The questionnaire took on an average of about 15 to
20 minutes to be completed.
Our research team assured the respondents that their responses would be kept confidential
and will not be used in any manner that is deviant to the research.
Sources of Data
 Secondary Data: - Most of the secondary data is collected from internet

through websites and magazines
 Primary Data: - Primary data is collected through questionnaires

distributed to the people.
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RESULTS SECTION - 3
Feel for the Data
The results that we have been able to extract from the information have been as follows.
It shows the number of responses that have been achieved through each option in every
single question.
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Graphical Analysis
1. Mobile phone may be used while driving?

MALE
23%
17%
19%
17%
24%
STRONGLY AGREE AGREE

NEUTRAL DISAGREE
STRONGLY DISAGREE
FEMALE
23%
17%
19%
17%
24%
STRONGLY AGREE AGREE

NEUTRAL DISAGREE
STRONGLY DISAGREE
ANALYSIS:
Both the sexes had the same views on this question. 24% strongly disagree to the fact that
mobile phones should be used while driving. 17% of them strongly agree with the
question asked. 23% had neutral thoughts while 19% disagreed with the question.
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2. Do you use mobile phone while driving?

MALE
53%
47%
Yes No
FEMALE
34%
66%
Yes No
ANALYSIS:
The above question posed to see use of mobile phone. Form the total sample size of male
53% of them use mobile phone while driving and 47% do not use mobile phone while
driving. On the other hand, in the total sample size female 34% of them use mobile phone
while driving and 66% of them are not use mobile phone while driving.
3. In what situation would you prefer to use mobile phone while driving?
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MALE
61%
12%
ov
4%
10%
13%
In case of emergency Contacting friend/family Checking messages
Listening music All of the above
FEMALE
72%
ov
6%
6%
13% 3%
In case of emergency Contacting friend/family Checking messages

Listening music All of the above
ANALYSIS:
Most of the sample population uses mobile phones in case of emergency while they are
on the road. 72% females and 61% males use it in case of emergency. 6% of the female
population and 12% of the male population use mobile phone to contact a friend or
family while driving. 6% of females and 4% males check their messages while driving
and 3% females and 10% males listen to music on their mobile phones when they are on
the move.
4. What type of cell phone you prefer to use while driving?
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MALE
26%
23% 48%
3%
Hand-held,no microphone Hand-held,with microphone

Hands free phone system/phone mounted in car Other
FEMALE
31%
60%
6%
3%
Hand-held,no microphone Hand-held,with microphone

Hands free phone system/phone mounted in car Other
ANALYSIS:
This question shows that different types of cell phones used by, while driving. Majority
of the male population i.e. 48% used hands free phone system/phone mounted in the car.
26% used hand-held, with microphone, 23% used hand-held, no microphone and only 3%
have some other resources. From the female side majority of them used hands free phone
system/phone mounted in car, 31% used hand held, with microphone, 6% used hand-held
with no microphone and only 3% used some other resources.
5. Have you ever experienced an accident while using cell phone?
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MALE
78%
22%
Yes No
FEMALE
87%
13%
Yes No
ANALYSIS:
The above question related with an experience of accident while driving. From the male
side 22% have experienced an accident while 78% have not any experienced of an
accident when they were on the mobile phone while driving. From the female side 13%
have an accident while 87% have not when they were on the mobile phone while driving.
6. If yes then what were you doing at the time of accident?
24
MALE
12%
41%
41%
6%
Talking/listening on the cell phone Dialing the cell phone

Answ ering the cell phone Othe r
FEMALE
75%
0%
0%
25%
Talking/listening on the ce ll phone Dialing the cell phone

Answ ering the cell phone Other
ANALYSIS:
The question posed to see the reason of accident while driving.75% of the female
population and 17% males had an accident when they were dialing number on their
mobile phone. 41% males had an accident when they were talking or listening on the cell
phone and 41% while they were answering the call.
7. In your opinion, how important was the cell phone in causing the accidents?
25
MALE
45% 35%
10% 10%
Very important Some what important Not at all important Uncertain
FEMALE
45% 35%
10% 10%
Very important Some what important Not at all important Uncertain
ANALYSIS:
Both the males and the females had similar answers to this question. 45% thought that the
cell phone was very important in causing the accident. 35% said that it was somewhat
important. 10% stated that it was not at all important while 10% were uncertain of the
situation.
8. Talking on mobile phones deviate the concentration from driving?
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MALE
39%
37%
5% 15%
4%
STRONGLY AGREE AGREE NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY DISAGREE
FEMALE
44%
28%
16%
6% 6%
STRONGLY AGREE AGREE NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY DISAGREE
ANALYSIS:
Talking on the cell phone deviates the concentration from driving. 28% females and 37%
males strongly agree with the statement. 44% females and 39% males agree. 16%
females and 15% males have neutral thoughts over this statement. 6% of females and 4%
males disagree with the statement and 6% females and 5% males strongly disagree.
27
9. Do you believe that new gadgets should be invented/introduced in car to prevent

accidents while driving?
MALE
81%
19%
Yes No
FEMALE:
87%
13%
Yes No
ANALYSIS:
The above question shows that new gadgets be introduced in car for preventing accidents.
81% Male and 87% Female do believe that new gadgets should be introduced in car to
prevent accidents while driving while19% Male and13% Female do not believe that new
gadgets should be introduced in the car.
FINDINGS
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 24% strongly disagree to the fact that mobile phones should be used while driving.
 53% Male and 34% Female do use mobile phones while driving.
 72% females and 61% males use the mobile phone in case of emergency while
driving.
 Most of the people usually prefer to use hands free phone system/phone mounted in
car.
 82% Male got indulge in an accident due to answering and listening on the cell
phone.
 45% of the sample size says that the mobile phone use was of great importance in
causing the accident.
 39% Male and 44% Female do agree with the fact that talking on mobile phones
deviate the concentration from driving.
 49% Male and 44% Female never pull the car off the road in order to use the cell
phone.
 Majority of the sample size do believe that new gadgets should be introduced in the
car to prevent accidents.
CONCLUSION
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The growth in the use of mobile phones has been phenomenal, and extremely rapid.
Mobile phones provide a wide range of important social and work benefits, and, in some
circumstances, are an important safety feature, allowing users to summon help or report
accidents. However, using a mobile phone while driving creates a significant accident
risk. Many studies, using a variety of research techniques including simulated driving
tasks, advanced driving simulators, real driving on off-road circuits and driving on real
roads, provide evidence that using a mobile phone while driving impairs driving
performance in many ways.
Lateral Position
The majority of research indicates that driver’s maintenance of a constant appropriate
lane position is impaired when using a mobile phone.
Maintenance of Speed
The majority of research indicates that drivers find it more difficult to maintain an
appropriate and predictable speed while using a mobile phone which sometimes leads to
reducing their speed and sometimes to increasing it.
Reaction Times
The evidence indicates that drivers take longer to detect and respond to changes, such as
a vehicle in front decelerating, which leads to slower braking times.
Following Distances
When using a mobile phone, drivers are more likely to reduce their following
distance from the vehicle in front. When this effect is coupled with slower reaction
times, the risk of a collision is even greater.
Gap Mental Workload

Most of the studies show that using a mobile phone while driving increases driver’s
mental workload, often resulting in higher stress and frustration levels. There is evidence
that drivers have to switch their attention between driving and using the phone,
sometimes giving more attention to the phone call than to the road situation.
Accident Risk
Although few studies have been conducted to assess the increase in accident risk caused
by using a mobile phone when driving, those that have confirm that the impairment
created by using a mobile phone does result in an increased likelihood of being involved
in an accident.
RECOMMENDATION
30
The effect of legislation in other countries to prohibit or restrict the use of mobile phones
whilst driving should be analyzed. A wide-ranging survey of Police Officers, of all ranks,
should be conducted to assess their experience and views about the extent of their
existing powers to deal with drivers who use a mobile phone while driving.
Government (both Central and Local) and other agencies should continue to conduct
education and publicity campaigns to raise awareness of the dangers of using a mobile
phone, whether hand-held or hands-free, while driving.
The lack of accident data is preventing an accurate assessment of the number of people
killed or injured in accidents involving the use of a mobile phone by a driver. Therefore,
methods to record whether drivers involved in accidents had a mobile phone with them,
and whether it was being used at the time or shortly preceding the accident, should be
developed and implemented.
Appendix A:
31
This questionnaire is a part of a research project being carried out by students of Kasbit
University, (Karachi Campus), Bachelors of Business Administration as a partial fulfillment of
course, Research Methods & Techniques.
Name: ______________________________ Age: □ 15---18 □ 18---21

□ 21---24 □ 24 or more
Gender: □ Male □ Female
1. Mobile phones may be used while driving?
□ Strongly-Agree □ Agree □ Neutral □ Disagree □ Strongly-Disagree
2. Do you use mobile phone while driving?
□ Yes □ No
3. In what situation would you prefer to use mobile phones while driving?
□ In case of emergency □ Contacting friends /family

□ Checking messages □ Listening music
□ All of the above
4. What type of cell phone you prefer to use while driving?
□ Hand-held, no microphone □ Hand-held, with microphone

□ Hands free phone system / phone mounted in car □ Other
5. Have you ever experienced an accident while using cell phone?
□ Yes □ No
6. If yes then what were you doing at the time of accident?
□ Talking/listening on the cell phone □ Dialing the cell phone
32
□ Answering the cell phone □ Other
7. In your opinion, how important was the cell phone in causing the accidents?
□ Very important □ Some what important

□ Not at all important □ Uncertain
8. Talking on mobile phones deviates the concentration from driving.
□ Strongly-agree □ Agree □ Neutral □ Disagree □ Strongly-disagree
9. Do you believe that new gadgets should be invented/introduced in car to prevent

accidents while driving?
□ Yes □ No
Appendix B:
Article # 1
33
Friday, February 26, 1999 Published at 11:39 GMT
UK
Don't talk and drive warns new code
Using a mobile can be 'dangerously distracting'

Driving while talking on a mobile phone is now specifically prohibited in the updated
edition of the drivers' manual, the Highway Code.
The new version warns that talking on a phone, even a hands-free type, can be
dangerously distracting while driving.
Although the Highway Code is not a legal document and its recommendations do not
have the force of law, they are used as benchmarks by the courts.
Drivers who have accidents while using a mobile telephone are now even less likely to
get sympathetic hearings from judges or magistrates.
The road users' guide's new Section 127 warns: "Never use a hand-held mobile phone or
microphone while driving."
But even using hands-free systems is "likely to distract your attention from the road", it
says.
Police forces currently have to decide if phone use constitutes an offence.
A number of drivers have been imprisoned after having accidents while they were talking
on mobile phones.
Earlier this month a woman was jailed for 12 months after admitting causing death by
dangerous driving. She hit another car while overtaking at 70mph as she talked to her
boyfriend on a mobile telephone.
The latest edition of Britain's best-selling book also covers new rules about driving under
the influence of drugs and medicines.
It cautions motorists against driving while tired. For the first time, it also tackles road
rage by including advice on courteous and considerate driving.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/286677.stm
ARTICLE 2
‘MOBILE ‘WORSE THAN DRINK-DRIVING’
Talking on a mobile phone while driving is more dangerous than being over the legal
alcohol limit, according to research.
34
Tests by scientists at the Transport Research Laboratory said drivers on mobiles had
slower reaction times and stopping times than those under the influence of alcohol.
And it said hands-free kits were almost as dangerous as hand-held phones.
Using a hand-held mobile while driving is illegal in more than 30 countries, but in the
UK drivers are usually prosecuted for dangerous or careless driving.
Roger Vincent of the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents called for a specific
offence of using a mobile while driving for the UK - even with a hands-free kit.
"The problem is you actually get sucked into the telephone conversation, and the
conversation starts to take precedence over the driving task," he told BBC News.
"The person on the end of the phone doesn't know the driving conditions around you. If
someone's in the car talking to you they can stop talking if a dangerous situation arises.
"People just don't seem to understand how distracting these telephone conversations are."
The research said reaction times were, on average, 30% slower when talking on a mobile
than when just over the legal limit, and nearly 50% slower than when driving normally.
Drivers were also less able to maintain a constant speed and found it more difficult to
keep a safe distance from the car in front.
In the tests at 70 miles per hour, the braking distance was 102ft (31m), which increased to
115ft (35m) with alcohol; 128ft (39m) with a hands-free phone and 148ft (45m) with a
hand-held mobile.
The study, which was sponsored by insurer Direct Line, involved a panel of 20 volunteers
using a driving simulator.
Janet Anderson, MP for Rosendale and Darwen, is currently trying to push a bill through
which would ban the use of hand-held mobile phones while driving.
The second reading is expected to take place on 12 April.
Welcoming the report's findings, Ms Anderson said: "We must all recognise that driving
and using mobile phones can kill. It takes less than a split second for a lapse in
concentration to result in an accident.
"It must therefore be made crystal clear to drivers who insist on behaving in this way that
they endanger the safety of the public generally, and their own safety too. "
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/1885775.stm
35

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Research on the usage of mobile phone and its impact while driving

arranged in a hierarchy of complexity from simple to

SAYED MURAD ALI SHAH

Report Presentation Discussion

1. The amount of concentration, which is needed when, driving, is not high

OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE:

DATE: Friday, Feb 26, 1999 published at 11:39 GMT

SOURCE: BBC NEWS/UK

“MOBILE PHONE AND DRIVING”

DATE: Monday, 26 May 2003 Published at 12:32 GMT

AUTHOR: Freddy Decrose and John Mathews.

“Usage of mobile phone and its impact

Independent Variable VS Dependent Variable

Incoming & Outgoing

The relationship between the Dependent and Independent variables is positive, as

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Incoming & Outgoing

RELATIONSHIP AMONG THE VARIABLES

Ho: Null Hypothesis

HA: Alternative Hypothesis

As the sample size is greater then 30 therefore Z-test will be used.

Using 95% confidence interval we have:

α/2 = 2.5% = .025

RESEARCH DESIGN DETAILS

The questionnaire comprised of 16 questions. The questionnaires took the basic

 Secondary Data: - Most of the secondary data is collected from internet

 Primary Data: - Primary data is collected through questionnaires

Feel for the Data

1. Mobile phone may be used while driving?

STRONGLY AGREE AGREE

STRONGLY AGREE AGREE

2. Do you use mobile phone while driving?

In case of emergency Contacting friend/family Checking messages

4. What type of cell phone you prefer to use while driving?

Hand-held,no microphone Hand-held,with microphone

Hand-held,no microphone Hand-held,with microphone

5. Have you ever experienced an accident while using cell phone?

6. If yes then what were you doing at the time of accident?

Talking/listening on the cell phone Dialing the cell phone

Talking/listening on the ce ll phone Dialing the cell phone

Very important Some what important Not at all important Uncertain

Very important Some what important Not at all important Uncertain

8. Talking on mobile phones deviate the concentration from driving?

STRONGLY AGREE AGREE NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY DISAGREE

STRONGLY AGREE AGREE NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY DISAGREE

9. Do you believe that new gadgets should be invented/introduced in car to prevent

Gap Mental Workload

Name: ______________________________ Age: □ 15---18 □ 18---21

1. Mobile phones may be used while driving?

□ Strongly-Agree □ Agree □ Neutral □ Disagree □ Strongly-Disagree

2. Do you use mobile phone while driving?

□ In case of emergency □ Contacting friends /family

4. What type of cell phone you prefer to use while driving?

□ Hand-held, no microphone □ Hand-held, with microphone

5. Have you ever experienced an accident while using cell phone?

□ Talking/listening on the cell phone □ Dialing the cell phone

□ Answering the cell phone □ Other

□ Very important □ Some what important

8. Talking on mobile phones deviates the concentration from driving.

□ Strongly-agree □ Agree □ Neutral □ Disagree □ Strongly-disagree

9. Do you believe that new gadgets should be invented/introduced in car to prevent

Friday, February 26, 1999 Published at 11:39 GMT

Using a mobile can be 'dangerously distracting'