Screening on the Phytochemical Constituents in Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb.

(Kha we)

Kha we is used in the treatment of demulcent, diuretic and nutritive. The aim of project work is to examine the phytochemical constituents of Kha we. In this sample, carbohydrates, flavonoids and saponins were mainly included. The phytochemical screening of Kha we

was done by Test Tube method and TLC screening. Alkaloids,

carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, a-amino acids, phenolic

compounds, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids were found to present in Kha we. According to TLC screening, flavonoid compound was major constituents in Kha we.

Keywords:

phytochemical constituents, TLC screening

Aim
To study the phytochemical constituents of Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. (Kha we).

Objectives
To collect the Kha we sample To make phytochemical tests by Test Tube method and TLC method

INTRODUCTION
Botanical Aspects of Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. (Kha we)

Family
Genus

Cucurbitaceae
Luffa

Species

acutangula
Luffa acuntangula (L.) Roxb. Sponge gourd, ribbed gourd, ridged gourd, ridged luffa, angled luffa, Chinese okra

Botanical name English name -

Myanmar name -

Kha we

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Phytochemical Constituents of Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. (Kha we) by Test Tube Method
1 % HCl
EtOH alkaloids flavonoids carbohydrates Sample Extracted with

Distilled H2O

PE

glycosides a- amino acid phenolic compounds saponins tannins

steroids
CHCl3 terpenoids

Phytochemical Test on Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. (Kha we) by Test Tube Method
PE

Sample

extracted with

CHCl3

for TLC Screening

EtOH

Results of Phytochemical Test on Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. (Kha we) by Test Tube Method
Test
Alkaloids

Extract
1 % HCl

Test reagent Mayers reagent

Dragendroffs Sodium picrate solution

Observation White ppt

Orange ppt Yellow ppt

Remark +
+ +

Carbohydrates
Flavonoids Glycosides

H2O
EtOH H2O

10 % a-Naphthol, H2SO4 Conc: HCl + Mg turning 10% Lead acetate

Brown ring
Green colour yellow ppt

+
+ +

a-Amino acids
Phenolic compounds Saponins Steroids Tannins Terpenoids

H2O
H2O H2O PE H2O CHCl3

Ninhydrin
10 % FeCl3 soln and K4Fe (CN)6 soln

Purple spot
greenish blue

+
+

colouration Frothing Blue Colour White ppt + + + +

Distilled water Acetic anhydride and conc: H2SO4

10 % NaCl and
1 % Gelatin Acetic anhydride and conc: H2SO4 Green

(+) presence, (-) absence

Table 3.2 Results of Phytochemical Test on Various Extracts of Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. (Kha we) by TLC Method

Kha we
Extract I Solvent system PE: EtOAC (4:1) II III

PE
CHCl3

+
+

+
+

+
+

I II III

EtOH = = =

+ + + Liebermann Burchard Reagent (terpenoid or steroid compound) 10% ferric chloride solution (phenolic compound) I2 vapour (phenolic or flavonoid compound)

Figure 3.2

Thin Layer Chromatogram of Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb.(Kha we)

CONCLUSION
From the overall assessment of this project work, the following inferences can be deduced. The phytochemical constituents of Kha we were studied by Test Tube method and TLC screening method. According to Test Tube method alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, aamino acids, phenolic compounds, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids were found to be present. TLC screening showed that flavonoid compound was main constituents in Kha we.

References
Driver, J.E., (1955), Textbook of Paramedical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, London, 575 Fieser, L.F. and Fieser, M., (1957), Organic Chemistry, 3rd Edition, Reinhold Publishing Corporation, New York, 961 Gowtham, K.N.P., Kuppast, I.J., and Mankani, K.L., (2012), A Review on Luffa Acutangula, International Journal of Pharma World Research, 3 (1), 4 Huyskens, S., Mendlinger, S., Benzioni, A. and Ventura, M., (1993), Optimization of Agrotechniques in the Cultivation of Luffa Acutangula, Journal of Horticultural Science 68 (6), 989 994 Haldar, U., (1996), Trypsin Inhibitors from Ridged Gourd (Luffa acutangula Linn) Seeds: Purification, Properties and Amino Acid Sequences, Journal of Protein Chemistry, 15 (2), 1-20 Jeanine, M.D., (2011), Commercial Luffa Sponge Ground Production, Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Corolina State University Jeffrey, C., (2005), A New System of Cucurbitaceae, Bot.Zhurn, 90 : 332-335 Listed, R.P., (1955), A Course in Modern Techniques of Organic Chemistry, Scientific Publications, London, 20 Marini-Bettolo, G.B., Nicoletti, M., Patamia, M., Galeffi, C. and Messana, I., (1981), J. Chromatography, 213, 113-127 Oboh, I.O. and Aluyor, E.O., (2009), Luffa cylindrica - An Emerging Cash Crop, African Journal of Agricultural Research, 4 (8), 684-688