Code No: RR311701 Set No.

1
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
MICROWAVE ENGINEERING
(Electronics & Telematics)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) What are the applications of microwave frequencies? Discuss in detail.

(b) Explain the principle of operation of a reflex Klystron oscillator and derive an
expression for the bunching parameter. [6+10]

2. (a) Explain how feed back occurs in Backward wave oscillator. How is wide tuning
range possible in this device?
(b) Briefly state the reasons for why helix is preferred as a slow wave structure in
TWT.. [8+8]

3. (a) Explain the working of a traveling wave multi cavity magnetron.

(b) Explain clearly how mode jumping is avoided in magnetron. [8+8]

4. (a) Explain the Gunn Effect? Mention various modes of GUNN diode.
(b) Describe the operating principle of IMPATT diode. [8+8]

5. (a) A rectangular wave-guide has a cross section of 1.5 cm x 0.8 cm, σ=0, µ= µ0
and ∈= 4∈0 . The

magnetic
field component is given as
3πy
Hx = 2Sin πxa
cos b
Sin (π × 10 11
t − β z) A/m
Determine
i. The mode of operation
ii. The cut off frequency
iii. The phase constant
iv. The propagation constant
v. The wave impedance.
(b) Write short notes on “Rectangular resonant Cavity”. [10+6]

6. (a) What is a directional coupler? A 20dB coupler has a directivity of 30dB.

Calculate the value of isolation, defining all the terms involved.
(b) Explain the functioning of “rotary Vane attenuators”. [8+8]

7. (a) What are ferrites? List out their characteristics.

(b) What are scattering parameters? Explain the S matrix of a three port ideal
circulator. [8+8]

8. (a) Distinguish between slotted line and directional coupler methods of VSWR
measurement.

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Code No: RR311701 Set No. 1
(b) Write short notes on “frequency meters”. [8+8]

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Code No: RR311701 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
MICROWAVE ENGINEERING
(Electronics & Telematics)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) What are the applications of microwave frequencies? Discuss in detail.

(b) Explain the principle of operation of a reflex Klystron oscillator and derive an
expression for the bunching parameter. [6+10]

2. (a) Distinguish between different types of slow wave structures. Why is a slow
wave structure used in TWT?
(b) Compare the performance characteristics applications and limitations of Kly-
stron amplifiers, TWT amplifiers and parametric amplifiers.. [8+8]

3. (a) Explain the principle of Π mode oscillations in cylindrical magnetron.

(b) Write short notes on ‘Reike’ diagram and its significance. [8+8]

4. (a) Describe a non-degenerate negative resistance parametric amplifier.

(b) An N type Ga As GUNN diode has the following specification
Threshold field: 3KV/m
Applied field 3.5KV/m
Device length 10 micrometers
Doping Constant 1014 electron/ Cm3
Operating freq. 10 GHz
Calculate the current density and (-Ve) electron mobility in the device, ex-
plaining the relations used. [6+10]

5. (a) Show that the TEM, TM01 and TM10 modes in a rectangular wave-guide do
not exist.
(b) Discuss the merits and demerits of circular wave guide over rectangular wave
guide. [10+6]

6. (a) Explain the difference between

i. E plane Tee
ii. H- plane Tee
Explain clearly why do you call them series and parallel Tee respectively.
(b) Describe with a neat sketch a precision Attenuator, and Explain its operation
[8+8]

7. Write short notes on

(a) Properties of S matrix.

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Code No: RR311701 Set No. 2
(b) Gyrator and its applications. [8+8]

8. (a) What are the precautions to be taken while setting up microwave bench for
measurement of various parameters.
(b) How do you measure microwave power using a Bolometer. [8+8]

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Code No: RR311701 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
MICROWAVE ENGINEERING
(Electronics & Telematics)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) What is velocity modulation? Explain how amplification takes place in a two
cavity Klystron amplifier.
(b) What is transit time? How it is made use of in realization of microwave tubes.
[10+6]

2. (a) What is a backward wave oscillator? Write brief notes on its configuration
and characteristics.
(b) Describe the merits and demerits of helix as a slow wave structure.. [8+8]

3. (a) Explain the working of a traveling wave multi cavity magnetron.

(b) Explain clearly how mode jumping is avoided in magnetron. [8+8]

4. Briefly explain the basic operating mechanism of TRAPATT diode with sketch.
Why is the drift though this diode much slower than through a comparable IMPATT
diode? What implications does this have for the operating frequency range of the
TRAPATT diode? [16]

5. (a) A rectangular wave-guide has a cross section of 1.5 cm x 0.8 cm, σ=0, µ= µ0
and ∈= 4∈0 . The

magnetic

field component is given as
πx 3πy 11
Hx = 2Sin a cos b Sin (π × 10 t − β z) A/m
Determine
i. The mode of operation
ii. The cut off frequency
iii. The phase constant
iv. The propagation constant
v. The wave impedance.
(b) Write short notes on “Rectangular resonant Cavity”. [10+6]

6. (a) Explain the working of two hole directional coupler with a neat diagram.
(b) Explain about E plane Tee junction with a neat sketch. Why it is called a
series Tee? [8+8]

7. Write short notes on

(a) Properties of S matrix.

(b) Gyrator and its applications. [8+8]

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Code No: RR311701 Set No. 3
8. Explain with a neat black diagram how VSWR and impedance can be measured
using a slotted line in X band. Name the types of sources used and list out the
precautions to be taken. [16]

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Code No: RR311701 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
MICROWAVE ENGINEERING
(Electronics & Telematics)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Discuss the limitations of conventional tubes at microwave frequencies.

(b) Explain the principle of operation of two cavity Klystron with neat diagrams.
[6+10]

2. (a) Why slow wave structure is used in TWT? Mention its characteristics.
(b) What is a traveling wave tube amplifier? Explain with neat sketches.. [8+8]

3. (a) Draw neatly the cross section of a 8 cavity magnetron and explain the mech-
anism of oscillations.
(b) For a magnetron a= 0.6 m, b = 0.8m, N=16, B= 0.06T, f= 3 GHz and V0 =
1.6 KV. Calculate the average drift velocity for electrons in the region between
cathode and anode. [8+8]

4. (a) Describe a non-degenerate negative resistance parametric amplifier.

(b) An N type Ga As GUNN diode has the following specification
Threshold field: 3KV/m
Applied field 3.5KV/m
Device length 10 micrometers
Doping Constant 1014 electron/ Cm3
Operating freq. 10 GHz
Calculate the current density and (-Ve) electron mobility in the device, ex-
plaining the relations used. [6+10]

5. (a) Starting with the equation for the propagation constant of a mode in a rec-
tangular wave guide, Derive the expression λ = √ λgλc
2 2
λg +λc
Where λg is the guide wave length and λc is the cutoff wave length
(b) An air filled rectangular wave guide has dimensions of 0.9” x 0.4” and is
supporting T E10 mode at a frequency of 9800 MHz. Calculate the wave guide
impedance. Calculate the percentage change in this impedance for a 10%
increase in the operating frequency. [8+8]

6. (a) Explain
i. Coupling Probes
ii. Coupling loops.
(b) What is a phase shifter? Explain its principle of operation with a neat sketch.
Give its applications. [8+8]

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Code No: RR311701 Set No. 4
7. Write short notes on

(a) Properties of S matrix.

(b) Gyrator and its applications. [8+8]

8. (a) What are the precautions to be taken while setting up microwave bench for
measurement of various parameters.
(b) How do you measure microwave power using a Bolometer. [8+8]

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