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Assignment 2 Mechanics
Assignment 2 Mechanics
You are to submit in 1 week time, on individual basis. This assignment will carry 10 % of the total final marks for this course. Please hand in your script with your name, ID, course identification and university logo, and type written script is encouraged.
Inner diameter of the column, Di = 1.5 m = 1500 mm Design pressure = 1200 kN/m2 = 1.2 N/mm2 Design temperature = 150oC Material of construction of the shell and the covers is Stainless steel 18Cr/8Ni unstabilized (304) Design stress of the material at 150oC = 130 N/mm2 Design of the covers of the column: Standard ellipsoidal head with major and minor axis ratio of 2:1 (ASME BPV Code Sec. VIII D.1 Part UG-32): this equation can be used to calculate the minimum thickness required,
Pi = Design pressure = 1.2 N/mm2 Di = inner diameter of the column = 1500 mm S = the design stress of the material of construction = 130 N/mm2 E = the weld joint efficiency = 1.0 The weld joint is double welded butt or equivalent joint and 100 percent degree of radiography.
STRESS ANALYSIS OF THE VESSEL Material of construction = stainless steel 18Cr/8Ni unstabalized (304). Design stress of the material = 130 N/mm2 Youngs modulus = 200000 N/mm2 Design pressure = 1.2 N/mm2 Corrosion allowance = 2 mm Inner diameter of the column = 1500 mm Height of the column between the two tangent lines = 37000 mm Skirt height = 2500 mm No of plates = 50 Insulation = 50 mm thick Mineral wool density = 130 kg/m3 Maximum wind velocity = 160 KM/h Plate loading including liquid = 1.2 kN/m2 of plate area
CALCULATION OF THE MINIMUM THICKNESS OF THE SHELL ASME, Minimum thickness required for pressure loading
mm rounding off to 7 mm For stability of the shell the column is divided into five parts and thickness is increased from top to bottom of the shell, as 7 mm, 9 mm, 11 mm, 13 mm and 15 mm respectively. For all other calculations, the average thickness is used. The average thickness = ts = 11 mm
STRESS ANALYSIS Dead weight of vessel Stress due to the dead weight of the vessel: For a steel vessel Take Cw = 1.15, vessel with plates Dm = 1.5 + 11 x 10-3 = 1.511m Hv = 37 m t = 11 mm Wv = 240 Cw Dm (Hv + 0.8 Dm) t Wv = 240 X 1.15 X 1.511 (37 + 0.8 X 1.511) 11 = 175,279 N = 175.3 kN Weight of plates Plates area = /4 X 1.52 = 1.77 m2 Weight of a plate including liquid on it : 1.2kN/m2 X 1.77 m2 = 2.124 kN 50 plates = 50 X 2.124 = 106.2 kN Weight of insulation Mineral wool density = 130 kg/m3
= 8.72 m3 Weight = 8.72 m3 x 130 kg/m3 x 9.81 m/s2 = 11,121 N Double this to allow for fitting, etc. = 22.241 kN Total weight:
Shell Plates & contents insulation Total Wind loading Take dynamic wind pressure as 1280 N/m2, corresponding to 160 kph (100 mph) for preliminary design studies. Mean diameter including thickness and insulation = Di + 2(ts +tins) x 10-3 = 1.5 + 2(11+50) x 10-3 =2.72 m Loading (per linear meter), W= 1280 N/m2 x 2.72 m = 3481.6 N/m Bending moment at bottom tangent line = Mx =
2
= (3481.6 (N/m)/2) x (37)2 m = 2,383,155.2 N.m Longitudinal and circumferential stress: At bottom tangent line, the pressure stresses are given by:
Longitudinal stress, L =
Circumferential stress, (N/mm2) =
= 30 N/mm2
h =
(N/mm2) =
= 60 N/mm2
w =
(N/mm2) =
= 4.25 N/mm2
Do = Di + 2 x t = 1500 mm + 2 (15 mm) = 1530 mm = outer diameter of the column Bending Stresses, Iv = b = (
o 4
+Di4) =
)=
z = L + w
60 N/mm2
60 N/mm2
Conclusion, Since the upwind stress (30.72 N/mm2) and downwind stress (37.78 N/mm2) are less than the allowable design stress (130 N/mm2), therefore the design metal thickness (tb = 15 mm) is satisfactory.
DESIGN OF SKIRT SUPPORT FOR THE VESSEL The resultant stresses in the skirt will be, s (tensile) = bs -ws s (compressive) = bs + ws bs = bending stress in the skirt bs = 4*Ms/ *(Ds + t)*t*Ds]