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    Ento Lab Midterms Handouts

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    1. The document describes the morphology and life cycles of biting lice and mites that parasitize birds and mammals. 2. It details the characteristics of orders Mallophaga and Siphonculata, which include biting lice that undergo incomplete metamorphosis and feed on feathers, skin, or debris. 3. Mites are also discussed, including ticks and mites that belong to the suborders Ixodoidae and Mesostigmata and can transmit diseases by sucking blood.

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    Ento Lab Midterms Handouts

    Uploaded by

    humanupgrade
    194 views8 pages
    1. The document describes the morphology and life cycles of biting lice and mites that parasitize birds and mammals. 2. It details the characteristics of orders Mallophaga and Siphonculata, which include biting lice that undergo incomplete metamorphosis and feed on feathers, skin, or debris. 3. Mites are also discussed, including ticks and mites that belong to the suborders Ixodoidae and Mesostigmata and can transmit diseases by sucking blood.

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    Ento Lab Midterms handouts

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    1. The document describes the morphology and life cycles of biting lice and mites that parasitize birds and mammals. 2. It details the characteristics of orders Mallophaga and Siphonculata, which include biting lice that undergo incomplete metamorphosis and feed on feathers, skin, or debris. 3. Mites are also discussed, including ticks and mites that belong to the suborders Ixodoidae and Mesostigmata and can transmit diseases by sucking blood.

    Copyright:

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    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    194 views8 pages

    Ento Lab Midterms Handouts

    Uploaded by

    humanupgrade
    1. The document describes the morphology and life cycles of biting lice and mites that parasitize birds and mammals. 2. It details the characteristics of orders Mallophaga and Siphonculata, which include biting lice that undergo incomplete metamorphosis and feed on feathers, skin, or debris. 3. Mites are also discussed, including ticks and mites that belong to the suborders Ixodoidae and Mesostigmata and can transmit diseases by sucking blood.

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    VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY AND PROTOZOOLOGY LABORATORY

    ORDER: MALLOPHAGA (BITING LICE)


    Salient morphology:
    1. wings are absent
    2. a pair of antennae are present which consist of 3-5 segments
    3. dorsoventrally flattened
    4. biting type of mouthparts
    5. eyes are either reduced or absent
    6. legs are armed with claws <<<<<body louse of poultry
    7. incomplete metamorphosis

    General life cycle of Biting Lice


    • egg
    • nymph ( 3 nymphal stage)
    • adult

    Description:
    1. lice lay their eggs which get attached to the hairs of the host
    2. heat is an extra factor which is required for the hatching of eggs
    3. nymphal stages occur each with 3-8 days interval
    4. nymphs are quite similar to adult, but the size is smaller than the adult

    Suborder: Ischnocera
    Family: Philopteridae
    Genus: Luipeurus Infestation of body louse >>>>>
    Columbicola
    Goniodes
    Goniocotes

    Shaft louse of poultry >>>>


    <<<< egg of body louse
    <<<<< Trichodectes canis

    <<<<<< head louse of poultry

    Columbicola columbidae >>>>>>

    Wing louse of poultry >>>>>>

    ORDER: SIPHUNCULATA

    living as ectoparasite of mammals


    Mouthparts are adapted for sucking the tissue fluids and blood of their host
    Paratergal plates are present ( dark areas of thickened chitin on the side of abdomen)

    Members: Family Haematophinidae


    Linognathidae
    <<<< fluff louse of poultry Pediculidae
    Hoplopleuridae
    Echinophthiriidae
    Egg of H. suis>>>>>>

    <<<<< Haematophinus asini


    (sucking louse of equines)

    <<<<<< Linognathus ovilus


    ( body louse/blue louse/face louse of sheep)
    Haematophinus eurysternus >>>>>
    (short-nose cattle louse)

    Linognathus vitulli >>>>>>>>>>>


    ( long nosed cattle louse)
    <<<<Haematophinus suis
    (large louse of pigs)
    <<<<<<Linognathus pedalis
    ( foot louse of sheep)

    Dermanyssus gallinae
    (red mite of poultry)

    <<<<<Ornithonyssus sylviarum
    ( northern mite of poultry)
    Phthiris pubis >>>>>>>>>
    ( pubic louse)

    Order: Acarina
    Suborder: Meostigmata
    • Members of this are called ticks and mites
    • Their body region is indistinct due to fusion of the thorax and abdomen

    Prosoma- bears the mouthparts and appendages Ornithonyssus bursa >>>>>


    a. gnathosoma- chelicerae and pedipalps ( tropical poultry mite)
    b. podosoma- bears the legs

    Opisthosoma- regarded as the abdomen area

    *idiosoma- term applied to the area of podosoma and opisthosoma


    <<<<<Pneumonyssus caninum
    (lives in the nasal passages of dogs)
    <<<<<<Ophionyssus natricis
    (blood sucking mite of captive snakes)

    Pneumonyssus simicola >>>>>>>>>>


    ( lives in bronchi of rhesus monkey)

    The black spot on the scale is the mite >>>

    SUBORDER: IXODOIDEA

    Family Argasidae
    -soft ticks
    -leathery with tough texture
    <<<<<<Ornithonyssus bacoti -mouthparts are visible ventrally
    (tropical rat mite) -eyes when present are in the supracoxal folds above the legs
    -scutum is absent
    -spiracles are two in numbers situated at posterolateral margin of the third coxae
    -mating does not occur on the host
    -several nymphal stages are present
    -take their meal for a few minutes
    -feeds on host intermittently
    Family Ixodidae
    -hard ticks
    -body is hard with thick ridges
    -mouthparts are seen dorsally
    -festoons are present in some species
    -eyes are present or absent but if present it is located at lateral area of scutum
    -scutum is present on both male and female
    -spiracles are two in numberas and located on the posterolateral margin of the fourth <<<<Ornithodoros moubata
    coxa (eyeless tampan of Africa)
    -mating occur on the host Transmit African Swine Fever virus
    -one nymphal stage is present in the whole life cycle
    -feeds on host for a number of consecutive days
    -feeds on host until their full engorgement
    -

    SOFT TICKS

    Ornithodoros savignyi >>>>>


    ( eyed-tampan of Africa)
    <<<<<Argas persicus

    Otobuis megnini >>>>>


    ( spinose ear tick)
    Hard Ticks

    <<<<<Rhipicephalus appendiculatus
    ( brown ear tick)

    <<<<Ixodes ricinus
    (castor bean tick/sheep tick)

    Dermacentor andersoni >>>>>>


    (Rocky Mountainwood tick)

    Ixodes scapularis >>>>>>>>


    (shoulder tick/black-legged tick)

    <<<Boophilus annulatus
    (blue tick) <<<<Dermacentor nitens
    (tropical horse tick)
    <<<<Dermacentor occidentalis Amblyomma americanum >>>>>
    ( pacific coast tick) (lonestar tick)

    Demodex
    -body is elongated
    -causes demodectic mange
    -bell shaped sucker

    Amblyomma hebraeum >>>>>> Sarcoptes


    (bont tick) -body is globose
    -causes sarcoptic mange
    -bell shaped sucker

    Sarcoptes
    -body is globose
    -bell shaped sucker is present in the tarsi of first, second and fourth pair of legs in
    males,first and second pairs of legs in females
    -tarsal suckers have pedicles which are not jointed
    -species are not host specific

    Psoroptes
    <<<<<Amblyomma cajennense -body is oval
    (cayenne tick) -pedicles in males are found in first, second,and third pair of legs and in females
    pedicles are found first, second and fourth pair of legs
    -tarsals suckers have jointed pedicles
    -species are host specific

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