FIBER OPTIC TECNOLOGY ( EC-359) EXPERIMENT NO.

4 ERBIUM DOPED FIBRE AMPLIFIER (ED AMP) EDAMP KIT:

SUBMITTED TO : RAVI KUMAR MADDILA SIR

SUBMITTED BY: B.TECH. 5th SEM EC2 BATCH MEGHA AGARWAL (2011UEC1268) NIDHI SINGH (2011UEC1278) MONIKA MEENA (2011UEC1271) SANJU SARWA (2011UEC1272) OBJECT:

1.TO CALIBRATION OF THE FIXED ATTENUTOR 2.TO MEASURE GAIN AND POWER OUT VERSUS INPUT SIGNAL POWER 3.TO MEASURE OUTPUT SIGNAL POWER AND GAIN VERSUS PUMP POWER APPRATUS:

1.EDAMP kit 2. Fiber reel (Fiber type single mode fiber, Size:9/125/1250um ,cut-off wavelength 1250-1250nm,fiber length 4,4km) 3. ST connector 4. Patch cords
THEORY: An optical fibre of suitable length(about 10to30m) that has been doped with a rare earth element sush as erbium (Er ),holmium(Ho),neodymium(Nd),samarium(Sm) or ytterbium can also serve as an amplifier .A popular material for such optical fiber is silica -rich glass doped with erbium ions .therfore,these devices are called erbium-doped fiber amplifiers.The reason for their popularity is that they operate in the low -attenution window arround 1.55um.the signal wave form one segment of the optical fiber link ,at a wavelength is coupled to a short length of an erbium doped fiber along with the pump wave uaually from a diode laser at a wavelength of x,pump photon exite Er+3 ions and produce population inversion . The passage of signal wave through the EDF triggers stimulated operation around Xs and this process gets amplified .The amplified signal is then coupled into the next segment of the communoication link.
The EDFA educator kit enables students to investigate the basic principles of optical amplificati on, to characterise the key technical performance parameters of EDFAs, and to develop an appreciation of the engineering applications of optical amplifiers and their limitations within these applications. The experiments include: Measurement of output power and gain over a large range of input signal levels for several fixed pump levels. This enables investigation of small signal gain, large signal gain and gain saturation. Determination of the saturated output power as afunction of pump power. Measurement of output power and gain as a function of pump power at various levels of signal power. Determination of point of transparency, gain gradient and gain efficiency. Measurement of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) as a function of pump power for no signal and various input signal levels spanning the range of small signal to signal saturation. Measurement of optical noise (ASE ASE beat noise and Signal ASE beat noise) as a function of input signal strength for various pump powers.

Schematic diagram of a simple Doped Fibre Amplifier Doped fibre amplifiers (DFAs) are optical amplifiers that use a doped optical fibre as a gain medium to amplify an optical signal.

DETAILS OF EQUIPMENTS:
The OPTOSCI EDFA laboratory educator kit consistsof the following hardware elements: A connectorised erbium doped fibre amplifier lumped by a 980nm laser diode to provide small signal gains in excess of 25dB. The amplifier contains two optical isolators and has angle polished connectors to limit positive feedback and completely suppress oscillation (i.e. laser action). A 1550nm DFB laser source to provide the input signals. The source has been specially designed to provide signal levels in a range from approximately -40dBm up to 0dBm (1mW) without degradation of its coherence properties i.e. its linewidth). This is required to enable the investigation of small and large signal gain. A custom designed photodiode detection system for measuring the input signal levels over a large (50dB) dynamic range. The unit also allows the measurement of the amplified AC signal power super imposed on a high quasi DC level of ASE. Fixed 15dB In-line optical attenuator All of the necessary fibre cable patchcords to enable connection between the various units of the system . A two channel laboratory oscilloscope with a minimum bandwidth of 20MHz.

OBSERVATION:

a.

EDFA OUTPUT WITH FIBER REEl AND WITH INPUT pump power (mw) EDFA o/p (dbm) with f iber reel

1. 1mw 2. 2mw 3. 3mw 4. 4mw 5. 5mw

-18.2 -11.2 -6.1 -3.0 -1.0 0.5 2.0 2.0

6. 6mw 7. 8mw 8. 72.3mw

b.EDFA OUTPUT WITHOUT INPUT AND WITHOUT FIBER REEL pump power(mw) 1. 0mw 2. 0.5mw 3. 0.8mw 4. 1mw 5. 1.5 6. 2.0mw 7. 2.5mw 8. 3 mw 9. 4mw 10. 5mw 11. 6mw 12. 7mw 13. 8mw 14. 9mw 15. 10mw EDFA o/p - 143.7 - 48.4 - 39.3 - 37.3 - 34.2 - 32.4 - 30.2 - 28.3 - 24.6 - 20.3 -15.8 -12.1 -9.2 - 7.0 -5.5

16. 11mw 17. 12mw 18. 13mw 19. 14mw 20. 15mw 21. 20.0mw 22. 25mw 23. 72.3mw C.EDFA OUTPUT WITHOUT INPUT AND WITH INPUT REEL FIBER:pump power(mw) 1. 0.1mw 2. .5mw 3. 0.8mw 4. 1.0mw 5. 2mw 6. 3mw 7. 4mw 8. 5mw 9. 6mw 10. 7mw 11. 8mw 12. 9mw 13. 10mw -

- 3.9 - 2.9 -1.9 0.4 0.0 1.8 2.0 2.0

EDFA O/P POWER (dbm) -143.6 -50.9 -40.8 - 39.4 - 33.5 - 29.9 - 25.4 - 21.3 - 16.7 -13.3 - 10.4 -8 -6.4 -4.0

14.12mw

RESULT: This EXPERIMENT reviews the fundamentals needed to model gain in erbium-doped fiber amplifiers by the discussion of the calculations of gain.

PRECAUTION: 1. The Laser Diode source emits infrared radiation at 785nm which is invisible tothe human eye and may cause eye damage if the output beam is viewed directly .When in use, never stare at the optical output port of the Laser Diode when its dust cap is removed to connect an optical fiber and always replace the device dust cap when the fiber is removed. 2. The unit should be allowed to warm up for ten minutes while preparing to start the experiments. 3. Never touch the ends of optical fibers and connectors or it will reduce the coupling efficiency of light into the fiber. 4. When taking power readings, take care not to move or tug the ST connector connected to the transmitter as this can cause variations of up to1dB in the launched power.
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