No. 60,930.

Patented Jan. 1, 1867.

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PHINEAS PARDEE, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT. '_
Letters Patent 1V0. 60,930, rZated'January 1, 1867.
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TO .ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, PHINEAS PARDEE, of New Haven, in .the county of New Haven, and State of Con necticut, have invented a new improvement in Railroad Car-Brake; and I do hereby declare the following,
when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a

full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this speci?cation, and
represent, in-'

Figure 1, a side view showing the brake as applied. Figure 2, a like side view, the brake in position ready for applicatiov
Figure 3, a section on 2 2 looking to the left; and, in V

Figure 4, a'section on a: as looking in the same direction.

This invention is designed with special reference to thestopping of railroad 'cars in the shortest possible
time, as in cases of danger or accident, or whenever an instantaneous stoppage is required, and consists in the arrangement'of a shoe in such relative position to the wheels, so that it may be dropped upon the rails and the

wheels pass on to the said shoe, instantaneouslyr stopping the revolution of the wheel. The shoe being dragged
upon the rail, creates so ,much friction that the car is nearly instantaneously stopped.
same, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. ' v

To enable others skilled in the art to construct and use my improvemenh'l will proceed to describe the
A is the platform ofa car; '13 B and O O, the wheels, arranged in the usual manner, so as to roll upon the rails D. E is the shoe, formed so as to lie upon the rail, and with ?anges upon either side to guide and holdiit upon the rail. The said shoe is attached by a chain, a,ior its equivalent, to a shaft, F, which said shaft is'sup-v ported in proper bearings, G, beneath the car. . is a shoe-holder of a trough-like form, as seen in ?g. fl, and attached to the car, so that, by turning the shaft F, (which is done by the application of power thereto in any
convenient or known manner,') to wind up the chain a, the shoe E will be drawn up into the holder I, as seen in ?g. 2, and when so drawn up is there held by a lever, L, one arm of which is constructed so as to fall into a

notch on the shaft F. as seen in ?g. 2, and released by depressing the other arm, as in ?g. 1, or may be held or released by any other device. When the cars are in motion in- the direction denoted by arrows, the shoe is held in the holder, forward of the rear wheels C G, as seen in ?g. 2; and if the cars are to runin the opposite direction to that denoted in ?g. 2, then the shoe should be changed to the other holder, so that a single shaft and single shoe would answer for both directions, or, if preferred, two separate shafts and separate shoes may

be employed. When it is desired to operate the brake, release the shaft as denoted in ?g. 1. The inclination of the holder I permits the shoe E, by its own gravity, to slide down on to the rail, unwinding the chain from .the shaft. As soon as the shoe strikes the rail, the wheel immediately passes on to the shoe, and of course bears hard down upon the shoe before it has entirely passed from its holder. In order to permit the shoe to pass
freely out,~t'he lower portion of the holder I is hinged to the upper portion, d, so as to permit a depression at that end of the holder, the hinged portion being supported by a spring,f, or other convenient device. When it
is desired to return the shoe to its holder, back the car, so that the wheels will run off the shoe, at the same time winding the chain on to the shaft F, so as to draw the shoe up into the holder, as seen in ?g. 2, the lower

or hinged part of the holder being drawn down to receive the rising shoe. The operation of releasing the brake

may be performed by the brakeman upon each car, or, by a simple arrangement, may be simultaneously operated
upon all the cars by the engineer. It may be advisable, under some cars, to form the shoe in sections hinged

together iniorder to perfect its operation.

I therefore do not con?ne myself to the precise construction of the shoe or its holder, but having thus fully described my invention, what I do claim as new and useful, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is The arrangement of the shoe E, in combination with a holder and the shaft F, or its equivalent, when arranged in\' such relative positions to the wheels as to operate in the manner substantially as herein set forth.
PHINEAS PARDEE.

Witnesses: Joins H. Snunwu,

A. J. Trnmrs.