EST Module 13 # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Answers Ku 30 to 0.

3 Angstorms two or more antennas operating on the same frequency Frequency Diversity 440Hz 435Hz 2.20 to 3.30 D Ionosphere F2 E F2 0.6 to 0.8 0.5 to 0.9 NITA Cognitive L 66x48x12.2 MC no. 02-05-88 0.31250 GHz knife-edge diffraction 55 350 mm S-Video Questions currrent frequency band given most attention for Satellite Communications X-rays space diversity transmission means transmitting and receiving on ______ ship-to-ship communications system is plagued by fading. Best solution seems to be the use of American concert pitch A is equivalent to International concert pitch A is equivalent to d band lowest layer of ionosphere highest layer of the atmosphere don't disappear at night next lowest layer highest layer velocity factor of coaxial cable velocity factor of transmission lines government and military communication related to mental processes of knowledge, reasoning, memory, judgment and perception for navigation as well as marine and aeronautical communications and radar, ____ band is used accepted official dimension of a mini-DV cassette package used in video recording in millimeters NTC memorandum circular governs the rules and regulations about the manufacture, acquisition, sale and service of radio communication equipment a radio frequency in the UHF band of the radio spectrum when a space-wave signal passes over a mountain ridge, a small part of the signal is diffracted down the far side of the mountain angle of inclination of GPS system bending of radius for fiberoptic an analog video signal that carries the video data as two separate signals (brightness and

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global beam link access protocol modem TDMA BNC increase antenna height twisted pair 150dB F-type connector Calibration Ultraviolet Radiation 6 to 10 dB 114dB N-type connector 50 kHz binaural discrimination FM all of the choices (density, temperature, pressure) 200kHz 1.6dB MESFET cosmic noise 5years space wave using the smallest possible radiation angle ang highest possible frequency two or more antennas on the same wavelength space waves

color) is called a satellite beam that covers almost 42.4% of earths surface V.42 multiple access technique used in GSM cellular system connector is popular in attaching test instruments like oscilloscpes, frequency counters, spectrum analyzers. to increase the transmission distance of UHF signal medium used by IBM token ring network that operates at either 4 Mbps or 16 Mbps loudness level in which permanent damage to hearing is possible coaxial cable connector is at least expensive and is widely used for TV sets, VCRs and cable TV attenuator which connects passive two-ports primary cause of ionization increase in sound level commonly perceived by most people sound pressure level if RMS sound pressure is 100microbars coaxial connector is a more complex and expensive but do a better job in maintaining the electrical characteristics of the cable through the interconnections PCS(personal communication system) cocktail-end capture effect acoustic behavior of gases spectrum bandwidth of a single GSM carrier noise figure having lowest noise transistor having lowest noise figure noise outside the solar system ECT can apply for registration without examination ionosphere propagate by maximize the skip distance space diversity frequencies in the UHF range propagate by means of

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they are very reliable FM amplitude is constant at all times correlation 45MHz rhythm 40 MHz 12hrs plane wave horizontal polarization -85dBm 108 to 114 MHz from 4 to 11 trellis coding modulation system capable of generating high power IS-95 the one supported by IEEE 802.11 recommendation PVC 10baseT 7:8 snell blue Huygens Principle ultrasonic very loud refracted transmission loss echo splitting of white light into its component colors in reflection 331.5m/s

VLF waves are used for some types of services because greatest advantage of FM over AM Companding PCS(personal communication system) sound characteristic relates to a sonic time pattern typical center frequency spacing between adjacent channels (transponders) in satellites orbital period of GPS constellation radiowave that is far from its source electric field that lies in a plane parallel to the surface of the earth reference tone level for dBa midband channel A-1 Huffman coding character contains bits modulation technique used in data communications that is a variant of QAM that includes a method for forward error correction series modulation cellular standard known as the cdmaOne medium range most often used for outer covering of coaxial cables Ethernet system is restricted only to 100m principal musical intervals is considered dissonant light traveling in air optical fiber follow shortest wavelength in colors of light rays each point on a spherical wavefront may be considered a source of secondary spherical wavefronts high frequency sound that cannot be heared by the human ear apparent loudness level of 80dB ionoshpere causes radio signals to be amount of sound reduction provided by a barrier-wall,flooor or ceiling perceptible sound repetition dispersion is the term used to describe velocity of sound in air at 0 degrees Celcius

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physical orientation of electric field in space -40 to 80 C space station above 30MHz psophometer lengthen the skip distance dependent on the indexes of refraction troposcatter compress 4 to 8 2.27 80 dB 9.6kbps lower TTC

in electromagnetic waves, polarization means typical temperature range for installing fiber optical cable station located on an object which is beyond and is intended to go beyond the major portion of the earths atmosphere atmospheric noise becomes less severe at frequencies a device that measures the internal open circuit voltage if the transmitter power remains constant, an increase in the frequency of the sky wave will a light ray enters one medium from another along the normal. The angle of refraction is two directional antennas are pointed so that their beams intersect in the troposphere run-length encoding best viewing distance of TV screen is ____ times the picture height dielectric constant of polyethylene (PE) insulator typical loudness level of an acoustic guitar 1 foot away IS-95 satellite speed increases and its height in orbits gets ____ satellite subsystem monitors onboard conditions such as temperature and battery voltage and transmits this data back to a ground station for analysis normally associated with specifying the location of celestial body in space satellite subsystem provides stabilization in orbit and senses changes in orientation range of speech power how does spatial isolation technique satellite communications avoid interference polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) is also widely used insulator and is known as in installing fiber cable, ____is a long-time use designated as the international distress, safety and calling frequency for radio telephony for stations of the maritime mobile service when using frequencies in the authorized bands between 156 and 174 MHz.

ephemeris attitude control subsystem 10 to 1000 microwatts employment of highly directional spot98 beam antennas 99 teflon 100 tighter bends 101 156.8 MHz EST Module 14 # 1 Answers ITU-T

Questions new name of CCITT

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4:1 double stub 24 C 8 bits center of the antenna request to send A3E and F3C 0 degrees latitude A3E at feed point Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying Circulator horizontal aiming of the antenna throughput 42.5% V.1 50 kW Iridium system tropospheric ducting 40dB television low noise amplifier in the receiver front end E.O. 109

Impedance matching ratio of a coax balun load matching over a range of frequencies T1 for TDM system the final amplifier of either FM or AM transmitter operates as class ____ where maximum current and minimum voltage values on a resonant Hertz dipole exist ciruit that is turned on emission designation for facsimile In satellite communication, the geostationary satellites are conveniently located with respect to the equator at ______ refers to a double sideband full carrier the voltage node of a half-wave antenna exists the modulation technique used by GSM cellular system ferrite device that can be used in liue of a duplexer to isolate a microwave transmitter and receiver when both are connected to the same antenna in shipboard satellite dish antennas system, azimuth is referred as the _____ the total useful information processed or communicated over a specific amount of time approximate percentage of earth coverage of a geostationary satellite at zero degree elevation very early standard that defines binary digits as space/mark line conditions and voltage levels required minimum power output of an international AM BC stations one of the first satellite system catering personal based communications services scheduled for operation propagation condition is usually indicated when a VHF signal is received from a station over 5000 miles away signal to noise ratio that is required for a satisfactory television reception emission F3F single booster installed on the antenna dish of satellite receiver noise generated that primarily determines the signal-to-noise ratio in a VHF (150MHz) marine-band receiver latest government regulation in the telecommunication which provides policy for the provision of local exchange carrier service

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20 Hz Packet Mode Yagi Antenna Terminal Adapters Department of Transportation and Communications pilot channel binary phase Huygens Principle Frequency hopping both VLF and LF flexible coaxial line virtual height 2.8 0.8 to 1.2 sec IF amplifier 500 Hz between 15 to 60 10,800 0.54 2.089 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) final RF stage

frequency tolerance of an AM radio broadcast station basic mode of transmission system in the public data network in which data are transferred from the source to the network and from the network to the destination in the frame format type of beam antenna which uses two or more straight elements arranged in line with each other used to connect non-ISDN equipment to ISDN line executive branch of government in charge of policy making in the telecommunications forward link channel phase reversal keying each point on a spherical wavefront may be considered a source of secondary spherical wavefronts term used to describe a spread spectrum communications system where the center frequency of a conventional carrier is altered many times per second in accordance with a pseudo-random list of channels frequency bands can be refracted during the day by the D layer considered the most frequently used transmission line height of an ionized layer is determined from the time interval between the transmitted signal and the ionospheric echo at vertical incidence optimum volume per person of rooms for speech optimum reverberation time at 500 Hz for a cinema establishes the receiver bandwidth Flicker noise is a poorly understood form of noise which may be completely ignored abouth above ____ typical gain of a rhombic antenna voice band channels in a superjumbogroup illumination factor is normally considered in computing parabolic antenna gain in microwave communications in acoustics, reference pressure in lb/ft2 unit organization that published safety guidelines for the maximum limits of RF energy near the human body measuring a transmitters frequency against a suitable standard, the frequency to be

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midday 12 kHz goniometer GMDSS Calorimeter Dominant Mode Doppler Effect 5 mm and 2.5 mm distance-to-reuse ratio (D/R) Frequency agility 6 5150 m/s space noise 20 % 2500 GPRS 258 15 h bend Wow Logatom

measured is taken from the ionosphere most ionized cellular radios use FM with a maximum deviation of ______ device that measures the angle between two radio frequencies and also the direction of propagation of a wave an automated ship-to-shore distress alerting system using satellites and advanced terrestrial communications systems device that measures rf power by measuring the heat the rf power generates considered the most efficient mode in terms of energy transfer in waveguides In acoustics, ______ is the apparent change in frequency or pitch when a sound source moves either toward or away from a listener oxygen molecule absorption peaks to electromagnetic wave are at what wavelengths in cellular system, the _____ defines the geographic distance that is required between cells using identical frequencies in order to avoid interference between the radio transmissions at these cells the ability of a mobile phone to change from one channel (frequency) to another in cellular system, the average lead time to install a new base station is approzimately ____ months to a year at one atmospheric pressure, what is the approximate speed of sound in steel noise observable up to 8 MHz in the American standard, the aural transmitter maximum radiated power is ____ of peak visual transmitter power end impedance of half-wave dipole standardized as part of GSM phase 2+ that can offer theoretical data speeds up to 115 kbit/s channel number of an FM station with a carrier frequency of 99.5 MHz comparing the capacities of a DVD and an ordinary CD, DVD is ____ times bigger than CD waveguide passive component that brings a smooth change in the direction of axis maintained perpendicular to the plane of polarization a low frequency audible periodic variation in pitch of sound output in high fidelity sound reproduction system _____ is a term in the test language for noise testing in telephone circuits that means a one-syllable word consisting of a consonant, a vowel, and another consonant

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Because their power is increased by class C amplifiers ITU-W Directional coupler 40 dB 96 10 W Discriminator Interpolator 10.7 cm band 2.5G 40 935-960 MHz 56 100 Hz 4240 to 4350 MHz blu-ray 18 plumbicon 1100,1280 9 Dolby standard AC-3 URM-70 resistance 14.8 mm 350 km piconet hot carrier space wave

why are frequency modulation transmitters more efficient not an ITU sector a component that samples the microwave signal traveling in one direction down to the transmission line signal-to-noise ratio is required for satisfactory television reception telepone channels in AT 2 line maximum power that can be obtained from a microwave tube at 10 GHz circuit detects frequency modulated signal form of regenerative repeater for transmitting signals over a long cable received through a relay in a clearer form particular wavelength is solar flux measured enhancement of GSM including the GPRS In television, sync-pulse is ____ IRE base-to-mobile frequency assignment of a GSM system bits of PREAMBLE in Ethernet frame frequency used in communicating for submerged submarines frequency range of radio altimeter used for high definition video and data storage fiber number of multi-core fiber colored white and black camera tubes uses lead oxide (PbO) for the photoconductive target plate in accordance with the ITU specifications, the cutoff wavelength of a single-mode fiber is from ____ to _____ RS232C uses ____ circuits for protocol handshaking standard adopted by the grand alliance in digital broadcasting for multi-channel audio source encoding in America the cable type used in CCTV that has a maximum run-length of 250 meters lossy real impedance typical diameter of an external diameter direct burial fiber cable latitude of international space station bluetooth shotckky??? diode or ____ diode decimetric wave

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cryptomeria ciper 18 mins per hour

100 10 W 101 cutting an end fiber in preparation to EST Module 15 # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Answers 3 F layer 60 GHz H3E F2 300km class C local oscillator, mixer, rf amplifier semi-graded Fiber Optic 120 kHz single sideband / DSB dummy antenna use a dummy antenna increase rate of data transfer shorten waveguide link 2 two way simultaneous transmission dead room volume unit meter 30% red, 59% green, 11% blue pWp 2300-2400 Hz 1500 Hz

cryptographic commercial load for TV in a single sideband suppressed carrier, what is the maximum instantaneous peak power if PEP is 50 W cleaving is a process of _____ connecting two fibers

Questions Number of turns of a helix antenna Highest layer of the ionosphere during night time Oxygen causes what attenuation at what frequency One sideband Thickest layer of the ionosphere F1 and F2 layer combines at night time at what distance Class of Amplifier used at the last stage of AM receiver Front-end components of the superhet receiver Fiber optic used for electronic communication Carrier swing at 80% modulation H designates what kind of modulation Used for testing to avoid interference How to prevent interference with the frequency of other stations during testing data switching is used to Periscope antenna one hop, full-duplex uses how many receivers full duplex multiplexer a room with great sound absorption and less reverberation time measures speech volume luminance unit of noise power in posphometer group 1 frequency assignment for color black group 1 frequency assignment for white

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retarder dynamic instability 8cm 12cm to 2/3 1mW NPR Shannon-hartley theory suppresses white noise character V.27 J.81 Limiter assure that the telephone is working 90 dB 800 Hz MODEM 4 radio operator telegraphy on board 120% 800THz 15-160 MHz range of wavelength at which Fiber Optics operates ground 41.00625 MHz 200kph standing waves

quarter wavelength crystalline calcite device that reverses polarity of the fiber optic communication Distortion caused by simultaneous frequency and amplitude modulation and carrier frequency Size of a mini dvd Size of a standard dvd Antenna height is _____ of the actual height Reference noise power of test tone Unit of white noise voltage testing measurement SSB uses ___ of the bandwidth of the DSBSC Indicated the maximum channel capacity not an advantage of series modulation asynchronous protocol is ___ oriented V-designation for 4.8 kbps modes For video 3.4 Mbps Rid of FM noise Advantage of side tone At what power level does a 1kHz tone cause zero interference (144 weighted) Reference frequency of CCITT phosphometer noise measurement device that modulates an analog carrier signal to encode digital information in a telephone line Number of ships area assigned by the global maritime distress Not required on board by the maritime distress Efficiency of Class 4 MODEM frequency at which fiber optics operates industrial noise frequency what is optic window? transmission lines are balance or unbalanced with respect to at 41.000 MHz to 41. 005 MHz and a channel capacity of 12.5kHz, what is the first center frequency wind loading of standard for Philippine antenna tower energy that neither radiated into space nor completely transmitted

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uniform resource locator James Clerk Maxwell MUF 2B + D lies in the different definitions of modulation index 1 TU Necessary bandwidth TE electric field rotates 2 noncomposite video based on the highest component of the modulating signal much better noise immunity 2 118.000 MHz to 136.975 MHz (worldwide up to 151.975 MHz) Orthomode transducer protect small signals in PCM from quantizing distortion Quadrature multiplexing ampere/meter RS-422A antireflection coating 12.36microseconds antenna 9.6, 4.8 kbps

Identifies the address of the webpage electromagnetic radiation highest frequency wherein the signal is able to return back to earth ISDN basic access line configuration FM and PM difference 1 erlang The minimum value of the occupied bandwidth sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at the rate and with the quality required for the system employed, under specified conditions Electric field is perpendicular Electromagnetic wave having circular polarization means Reverberation time for large organs is ____ seconds Camera output with no sync Bandwidth of AM Advantage of PTM over PAM In phase shift method, how many circuits is/are balanced Frequency range of an aircrafts VHF communications Detect signals that is both vertically and horizontally polarized simultaneously the reason why companding is employed in PCM is the process that uses the orthogonality of sines and cosines that makes possible to transmit and receive to different signals simultaneously on the same carrier frequency unit of magnetic field strength the standard that specifies a balanced interference cable that will operate bit rates up to 10Mbps with a span distance of up to 1200m when light strikes a flat polished end of a fiber, the fiber loss produced can be reduced by Total elapsed time for the instant of initial transmission to the reception of the echo in radar communication system Used to collect RF signal in the receiver Paging channel of a mobile communication network system

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the clocking is with the data of the synchronous transmission two-wire or four-wire communication system that connects residences to central office premises spreading of color is not always white (note: spreading is not the real term in the answer. sorry) 1kbps simpler, less costly, reliable technical, financial, legal 6dB over the gain of one antenna note A above middle C DC and RF heating of resistors then changes its values Heating of capacitor in the oscillator loose connection of oscillator, amplifier and antenna hertzian wave tropospheric ducting bridging function optic regenerator precedence residual noise level value-added service provider mobile radio STX back wave

Difference between synchronous and asynchronous transmission local loop not describe a TV signal transfer rate when 101001 data is transferred at 6ms binary communication is better because consideration of new entrant gain of 4 identically polarized antenna stacked one above the other when played in piano or other instruments, note similar to the pitch of 440 Hz is slow drift in frequency for self excited transmitter oscillator circuit resulting to poor frequency stability slow drift in frequency for self excited transmitter oscillator circuit resulting to poor frequency stability abrupt frequency variation of self excited transmitter oscillator circuit resulting to poor frequency stability which changes frequency oscillation Electromagnetic wave below 5000 GHz being transmitted without artificial guide Propagation condition usually indicated when VHF signal is received from a station over 500 miles away Used to connect data link a fiber optic communication device consist of receiver transmitter used to clean up and amplify digital data moving from one place to another at opposite direction in sound energy, dominance of the first sound wave in any point of location has ____ effect ratio of the level of modulated signal under the conditions of test modulated signal to the level of unmodulated signal without modulation an entity, relying transmission, switching and local distribution facilities of local excahange and inter exchange carrier and overseas carriers providing enhanced services beyond provided by such carriers not a common application of microwave communication ___ is a character signifies the start of the test for Bisync Oscillator leak through of neutralized amplifier

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98 99 Spark emission 100 mean power 101 ionospheric scatter EST Module 16 # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

start of frame delimiter 128

In Ethernet, an 8-bit frame similar to that of a preamble which last two bits are 1s In data communications, the maximum variable-length transmission packet is 4096 bytes and the default is _____ bytes Type of emission used for radio telegraph and sidebands on the carrier Average power of a radio transmitter supplied at the transmission antenna

Answers 16:9 25kHz HE 312 552 kHz cassegrain antenna about 300 million meters per second electric and magnetic field always seems less than its actual horizontal Fading tilting skip distance ducting tunnel diode low band VHF band-reject filter 500 Hz 8 to 1.43 GHz pan/tilt device antenna

Questions The HDTV has an aspect ratio of The maximum frequency deviation in FM TV signal What is the mode of the waveguide is both the magnetic and electric field is parallel in the z-component What is the baseband frequency for basic super group? What is the most commonly used antenna for satellite? At what speed do electromagnetic wave travel in free space An electromagnetic field consists of the depth of an object submerged in a transparent liquid when a magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface of the earth, what is the polarization indicate which one of the ff terms applies to troposcatter propagation the grounds wave eventually disappear as one moves away from the transmitter because of the shortest distance measured along the earths surface that a sky wave is returned to earth super refraction commonly used for LNA channels 2, 4, 5, are filter used for channel 2 to 13 frequency for reverberation space noise is observable at what range of frequencies a mechanism or device which enables the TC camera to move in lateral and tilting motion which is the first component of any MATV system to receive broadcast signals

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52 us

time duration for horizontal trace listing of the date and time of events, program etc malfunction and corrections in comm. log Systems Rec. 450.1 the CCIR transmission standards for FM sound broadcast at VHF class III-B which of the class station is a regional channel rec. 265.6 CCIR standards for internal exchange of programmes on film for television T-1 The channel for cable TV range frequency 5.75 11.75 MHz 0.25 50 The permissible power in kW of station II-A during nighttime is Divx MPEG -4 uses what media format Provide attenuation Glass tube of TWT in coating the aquadag _______ 5 Maximum deviation ratio for TM 186 192 MHz TV frequency band of channel 9 Troposcatter propagation A means of beyond the line of sight propagation of UHF signals maintains the altitude Jet thrusters are usually fired to repeater The main function of a communication satellite is as a/an gravitational force and the centrifugal force A satellite stays in orbit because the following two factors are balanced 358 km The maximum distance of an apogee of the ISS QPSK What modulation is normally used with digital data? When the satellite are spaced 4 degrees of the 360 degrees complete circle, how many 90 parking space or orbit slots are available 3 In ITU frequency allocation, the earth is divided into 50,000 hrs What is the lifetime of ILDs? Light goes from medium A to medium B at an angle of incidence of 40degrees, the angle of is less than that in A refraction is 30 degrees. The speed of light in B is a universal constant In a vacuum, the speed of an electromagnetic wave to prevent sky-wave and upper ray interference Distance near skip distance should be used for sky wave propagation space wave Frequencies in the UHF range normally propagate by means o UHF Tropospheric scatter is used with frequencies in the following range blue light of which the following has the shortest wavelength (red,yellow,blue,green) frequency when a beam light enters one medium from another, a quality that never changes is its troposcatter propagation a means of beyond the line of sight propagation of UHF signals sky wave type of radio wave responsible for long distance communication by multi skips is the

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SDLC Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution A3 C3F 0 60 degrees celcius 10 meters 384 CDMA C and Ku vertical vertical local exchange service area Transduction Act no. 3846 1900-1920 MHz ; 2010-2025 MHz 1.66 75 KHz 2300 Hz Adaptive multirate piston 2.40 to 2.48 class C Bessel function filter 10 W it uses digital signaling technique single carrier, direct sequence monitor 1.0 active 4 superior noise immunity 120s

System network Architecture uses what protocol EDGE stand for AM type of emission Vestigial sideband emission Fiber optics range of temperature during installation Range of Bluetooth Using GSM for EDGE, the date transfer rate is _____kbps Multiplexing used for GSM, 1800 and 1900 MHz Most commercial satellite activity occurs in which band when a magnetic field is parallel to the surface of the earth, what is the polarization when a electric field is perpendicular to the surface of the earth, what is the polarization local exchange area defined by the NTC that shares the same local exchange rates A sub-discipline of acoustics, it is the study of how sound is generated States the regulations on radio stations and communications Frequency band of TDM Numerical value of the gain of a n isotropic antenna Maximum frequency deviation for FM Frequency for color black Speech coding of 3G system Waveguide used by lower cut-off frequency is _____ attenuator Frequency band of industrial, scientific and medical purpose is ___ to ___ GHz Class of radio station with 100kW effective radiated power Determining the amplitude of an FM sideband requires SAW device can be used as Cordless phones beyond 300 ft uses how much power Not an advantage of LEO satellites for wireless media Wi-Fi use Not a major section of laser Noise reduction coefficient at perfect absorption In fiber optics, splicing Category 6 UTP has how many twisted pair Advantage of PCM over PAM How long is a 1Mbit image is transmitted using ISDN(64kbps)

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33 long-distance radio communications solar cells C and Ku 1.9 GHz resolution beam focusing and beam deflection prior to the mixer stage the dimension of each cavity resonator 0.95 0.875 26.965 27.405 MHz 50 - 100 Clear to send 9-10 Videotext 30

In power class E1, the nominal power radiated is ___ dBm The ionosphere is a region of ionized gas in the upper atmosphere. The ionosphere is responsible for The main power source for a satellite are Most commercial satellite activity occurs in which band Common Frequency used for Handy Phone The lowest amount of frequency The television picture tube magnetic field can be used for AM image signal is rejected The frequency of oscillation by a magnetron is mainly determined by In accordance with ITU specifications, the rate of the dispersion with wavelength for a a single mode fiber must be less than _____- ps/nm^2/km Threshold point of QPSK is plus minus Citizen frequency band radio service is _____ ____ GHz/km is a signalling message transmitted from the data communications equipment (DCE) indicating to the data terminal equipment (DTE) that it may begin data transmission