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Enzymes in Digestion
Enzymes in Digestion
Mouth Tongue
Bolus
Oesophagus
Liver
Gall Bladder Stomach
Bile Duct
Duodenum Large Intestine
Pancreas
Anus
Protease (pepsin)
Breaks
proteins into amino acids Secreted by the lining of the stomach Required acidic pH to work well
Lipase
Breaks
fats into fatty acids and glycerol Secreted by the pancreas Needs the help of bile to work efficiently
Absorption of Food
The mechanically and chemically digested food is absorbed into our blood streams in the small intestine. The small intestine is highly adapted for this function. One of the main ways in which the small intestine is adapted is in its massive surface area. Below are 2 diagrams that show how the small intestine achieves the big surface area.
Digestive Summary
Enzyme
Amylase Pepsin Lipase
Substrate
Starch Protein Fat
Products
Glucose
Amino Acids
Fatty acids and glycerol
Location
Mouth Stomach
Small Intestine
Absorption big food molecules cant pass through cell membranes. Enzymes break big molecules into small molecules in the small intestine _____________. These can pass into the blood __________ (in the plasma) and then into cells. This is called absorption. Egestion Expulsion of waste food from the anus __________.
Stomach food is mixed with protease protein enzymes that break down _____________ and hydrochloric acid, which kills bacteria and gives a low pH for the enzymes to work.
Small intestine more enzymes are added from the pancreas to digest carbohydrates ________________, ________ and fats ___________. Food is absorbed through the proteins gut wall into the blood. The small intestine is covered in millions of finger like projections called ________. These are perfect for villi absorbing food. They have: thin Very __________ outer layer of cells. blood Good ___________ supply. surface area Large ______________ ________ for absorption.
Rectum waste food is stored here before expulsion (egestion) from the anus.