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a&mi f;csay;rnfjzpfNyD; wdki f;a' o
BuD ;ES i f hjynf e, f t oD ;oD ;wG i fvpOf
a&mi f;csay;aeonfhwefzdk;enf;
qi f;uwfrsm;udkNrdKUe, ft vdkufcGJ
wrf ; yd k rd k csxm;ay; Ek d i f a&;&nf &G , f
' DZi fbm20 &ufausmfwGi fGSM
t v Hk;a&50000 ESi fhWCDMA
t vH k ;a&43000?pk pk aygi f ; 93000
csxm;ay;oG m;rnf jzpf aMumi f ;jref rmh
quf oG , f a&;vk yf i ef ;uqd k onf /
ri f ;[ d ef ;xuf (jrpf rc)
&ef uk ef ?' D Zi f bm-25
2014 um;aps;uGuft ajct aeudkomavhvmrnfqdkygu
2013 um;aps;uG uf ay:wG i ft ajc cH avh vm&rnf [ k&ef uk ef rSum;
aps;uG uf uRrf ;usi f ol wd k Y uqd k onf /2013ck ES pf wpf ES pf vH k ; um; t a&mi f ;
t 0, f at ;puf cJ h NyD ; pvpf ES i f h um;a[ mi f ;aps;uG uf ud kwG i f wG i f us, f
us, f awG Uvm&NyD ; wpf OD ;csi f ; wi f oG i f ;cG i f h t ygt 0i fuk r P D emrnf jzi f h
wi f oG i f ;rI rsm;vnf ; od od omomjri f h wuf vmcJ h onf /2013ck ES pf wG i f
pvpf ES i f hum;a[ mi f ;rsm;rS mxi f ay:vmNyD ; t qd k ygt csuf rS mum;
avmuom;rsm;t wG uf rlri f ;om;acgi f ;aqmi f ;xm;onf h bD vl ;rsm;
yi f jzpfonf [ k qd k onf /
]]t rS ef qd kpvpf qd k wmud krvd k bl ;/ t ck vk yf aewJ h pepf u wjcm;
Ek d i f i H u ol rsm;pD ;NyD ;om;um; ud k0, f r, f qd k &i fuRef awmf wd k Y u um;zd k ;
t jyi fpvpf qd k wJ h pm&G uf av;wpf &G uf t wG uf ygxnf h pOf ;pm;ae&w, f /
um;wpfpD;oGi f;r, fqdk&i fum;aps;t jyi fpvpfaps;ygxnfhwGufNyD;
ud k uf ?rud k uf csd ef ae&w, f / pvpf qd k wmBuD ;u awmf awmf ' k u a&muf
ayr, f ht "d uae&mu Zmwf aqmi f yJ jzpf aew, f / 2014 rS m' gawG ud k
ajymi f ;vJ zd k Yvd k ud k vd k t yf w, f }}[ kri f ;&J ausmf pG m, mOf a&mi f ;0, f a&;pcef ;
rSum;yG J pm;ud k xG ef ;u ajymonf /
vuf &S d um;avmuom;rsm;t vd k &S d aeonf rS mpvpf rcH bJum;
wef zd k ;t wG uft cG ef ay;aqmi f apNyD ; um;wi f oG i f ;onf h pepf od k Yul ;
ajymi f ;vd k MuNyD ; um;a[ mi f ;wi f oG i f ;jci f ;rsm;t wG uft cG ef jr i f h wi f NyD ;
Brand New um;rsm;t wG uft cG ef ud k avQmh aygh ay;oi f h aMumi f ; axmuf
jyajymqd k Muonf / 2014 ck ES pf wG i fum;a[ mi f ;t yf ?um;opf oG i f ;pepf
ud k omquf vuf usi f h oH k ;rnf ht &d yf t a, mi f jyonf h t aejzi f h 2014
um; a[ mi f ;t yfES H rI wG i fum;a[ mi f ;rsm;ud kt u &mt vd k uf r[ k wf bJ
, mOfoufwrf;t vdkufomvufcHawmhrnf[ k&xm;ydkYaqmi fa&;
0ef BuD ;XmerSowi f ;xk wf jyef xm;onf /
Space Cab ES i f hOpen Cab rsm;ud kvk yf i ef ;oH k ;, mOf t jzpfpd ppf
&mwG i f(u) Long Nose Pick-up (Open Cab) , mOf rsm;wG i fDoubleCab
, mOf rsm;xufCab t vsm;wd kaom, mOf rsm;?(c) Cab aemuf cef ; onf
a&S Ucef ;xuft us, f t 0ef ;enf ;aom, mOf rsm;?(*) aemuf cef ;wG i f aemuf
xd k i f cH wef ;omyg&S d aom, mOf rsm;?(C) Safety Device ES i f hLuxury Feature
rsm; jynf h pH k pG mryg&S daom, mOf rsm;ud k omuk ef wi f , mOft jzpfowf rS wf
ay;rnf jzpf aMumi f ; pD ;yG m;a&;ES i f h ul ;oef ;a&mi f ;0, f a&;0ef BuD ;Xme\
owi f ;xk wf jyef csuf rsm;t &od &onf / jrwf rd k ;ausmf (jrpf rc)
2014 rSmum;aps;qufusEkdifrvm; 2014rSm b,fvdk[ef;qufawG aps;uGuf0ifvmrvJ
t wJG( 2 ) ?t r Swf( 1 )
w e *Fa EG?2 9 ?' DZ i fb m? 2 0 1 3
9
t wJG( 2 ) ?t r Swf( 1 )
w e *Fa EG?2 9 ?' DZ i fb m? 2 0 1 3
9 jynfwGi f;owi f;
&efukef-ykodrfum;vrf;udkjzwfoef;onfhum;t pD;a&ay:rl
wnfNyD; vrf;ydki f;wdk;csJUrIrsm; aqmi f&GufoGm;rnfjzpfaMumi f;
yd k Y aqmi fa&;ES i f haqmuf vk yf a&;qyf aumf r wD rS xk wf jyef vk d uf onf /
&efukef-ykodrfvrf;ydki f;rSmvuf&SdwGi ft usOf;qHk;ae&m14ay?
t us, fqHk;ae&m 18ayom&Sd&m xyfrHwdk;csJUay;&efudpESi fhywf
oufNyD; ar;jref;rIt ay: ydkYaqmi fa&;ESi fhaqmufvkyfa&; qyfaumf
rwDrSjyefvnf&Si f;vi f;ajzMum;ay;cJhonf/
vuf&SdwGi f&efukef-ykodrfum;vrf;t m; BOT pepf jzi f hAsia
World uk r P D ud kwm0ef ay;t yf xm; aMumi f ;?jzwf oef ;onf h um;t pD ;
a&250rS500Mum;wG i fvrf ;t us, f18ay?um;t pD ;a&500 rS 100
t Mum;wG i fvrf ;t us, f24ay?um;t pD ;a&2000rS5000t Mum;
wG i fav;vrf ;oG m;t jzpf vnf ;aumi f ;?um;t pD ;a&5000 t xuf
wG i fajcmuf vrf ;oG m;vrf ;rBuD ; t jzpf vnf ; wd k ;jr i f h xm;&efpD pOf xm;
aMumi f ;od &onf /
vuf &S d&ef uk ef -yk od rf vrf ;yd k i f ; &ef uk ef -uH uav;t Mum;wG i f
24 ayt us, fuw &mvrf ;ci f ;usi f ;xm;NyD ;jzpf aMumi f ;?uH uav;
vrf ;qH k rSyk od rf Nrd KUt xd vnf ; 24ayt us, fuw &mvrf ;ci f ;NyD ; t yd k i f ;
ES i f husef18ay t us, f vrf ;yd k i f ;rsm;ud k vnf ; , mOft pD ;a&wd k ;wuf
rsm; jym;vmojzi f h 24ayt us, fuw &mvrf ;ci f ;usi f ;Ek d i f a&;t wG uf
Asia World uk r P D od k Yt aMumi f ;Mum;ay;oG m;rnf jzpf aMumi f ;od &o
nf / &ef uk ef -yk od rf vrf ;yd k i f ;rS m{&m0wD wk d i f ;a' oBuD ;?&ck d i f jynf e, f ES i f h
&efuk ef wk d i f ; a' oBuD ;ud kcsd wf quf xm;onf h vrf ;rBuD ;jzpf aMumi f ;?
acsmi f;om?ai Gaqmi furf;ajcrsm;odkYoGm;a&muf&mwGi ft "du
vrf ;rBuD ;jzpf NyD ; wd k ;wuf vmaomc&D ;oG m;rsm;aMumi f haeY pOf jzwf
oef ;oG m;vmonf hum;t pD ;a&wd k ;wuf vmaeaMumi f ; a' ocH rsm;u
qd k onf / 0wf &nf
NyD;cJhaomat mufwdkbmv
ESi fhEdk0i fbmvwdkYwGi ft drfajc 600
ausmfukdavhvmpHkprf; ppfwrf;
aumuf, lNyD;aemufrEav ;NrdKU
t wGi f; a&ay;a0a&;vkyfi ef;rsm;
BudK;yrf;t m;xkwfrI ydkrdkvkyf
aqmi f&efrEav;pnfyi fom, m
a&;t zGJUudk t m&SzGHUNzdK;a&;bP f
ADB u awmi f ;qd k wd k uf wG ef ;cJ h
aMumi f ; od &onf /
rEav;NrdKUawmfpnfyi fom
, ma&;aumf rwD ES i f hADB bP f wd k Y
yl ;aygi f ;aqmi f &G uf rIwpf pd wf wpf
yd k i f ;t jzpfavh vmrI ppf wrf ;aumuf
, l cJ h jci f ;vnf ;jzpf onf /
ADB bP f rSAlistair Blunt u
]]rEav ;NrdKUrSmu a&ay;a0a&;
t cuf t cJ &S d aew, f / t xl ;ojzi f h
ay;a0aewJ h a&awG [ m aomuf
oHk;a&t jyi foHk;pGJvdkYr&wJht ajc
t aersKd ;awG &S d aew, f / ajrat muf
awG u xk wf , l ay;a0aewJ ha&[ m
t &nf t aoG ;yd k i f ; aumi f ;rG ef rI r&S d
bl;/ ' gaMumi fha&ay;a0rIydki f;
aumi f ;rG ef zd k Y vd k ovd kt &nf t aoG ;
yd k i f ;wd k ;wuf aumi f ;rG ef ap vd k w, f }}
[ k ajymqd k onf /
ADB bP f t aejzi f hrE av;
wkdi f;a' oBuD;t wGi f; pnfyi f, m
, ma&;vk yf i ef ;rsm; wk d ;wuf ap&ef
a' :vmES pf oef ;axmuf yH h ay;rnf
jzpf NyD ; 2014ck ES pf wG i fpwi faxmuf
yH h ay;rnf jzpf onf /
vuf &S d t csd ef rE av;pnf yi f
om, ma&; aumf rwD \ vd k t yf rI rsm;
ud kavh vmvsuf &S d aeuma&rsm;jyKef ;
wD ;rI avsmh enf ;&efvk yf aqmi f a&;
t wG ufpD pOf aeNyD ; rE av;puf rI
Zk ef &S dpuf97 vH k ;u wpf aeY vQi f
*gvefav;odef;ausmf oHk;pGJae
aMumi f ; od &onf / rE av;Nrd KUawmf
pnf yi f om, ma&;aumf rwD ES i f hywf
ouf aqG;aEG;rIrsm;vkyfaqmi f
vsuf&Sdaeonf/ ADB bP fonf
rE av;pnf yi f om, ma&;aumf rwD
\ b@ma&;ES i f h t cG ef yk d i f ;qk d i f &m
aqmi f &G uf rI ud kvnf ; avh vmvsuf &S d
aeonf / aZmf ri f ;OD ;
&efukef-ykodrf um;vrf;
jzwfoef;onf h um;tpD;a&ay:rlwnfNyD;
vrf;wdk;csJUoGm;rnf
rEav;wGif a&ay;a0rIydkif; wdk;wufaumif;rGefatmifvkyfaqmif&ef ADB bPfwkdufwGef;
t wJG( 2 ) ?t r Swf( 1 )
w e *Fa EG?2 9 ?' DZ i fb m? 2 0 1 3
10
t wJG( 2 ) ?t r Swf( 1 )
w e *Fa EG?2 9 ?' DZ i fb m? 2 0 1 3
10
NyD ;cJ h onf h2011ck ES pfpuf wi f bm
' kwd, ywft wGi f; ucsi fvGwfajrmuf
a&;wyf rawmf(KIA) \ wyf r[ m( 5) vuf
at muf cH wyf &i f ; (18) e, f ajrjzpf onf h
jrpfBuD;em;-vdki fZmc&D;pOfvrf;aMumi f;
ay:ucsi f jynf ol Y ppf ES i f h0k d i f ;armf Nrd KUe, f
eefqef, efaus;&GmwGi fArmppfwyf
cv&(37)?cr&(438) wyf wd k Y ES i f hwd k uf yG J
rsm; jzpf yG m;cJ h umArmppf wyf u wyf e, f
ajrcsxm;onfh' GefbrfbGrfpcef;rSae
vuf euf BuD ; (81rr) jzi f ht qd k ygaus;&G m
t wG i f ;od k Yypf cwf rI rsm;&S d cJ h aMumi f ; aut d k i f
at \ jyefMum;a&; wm0efcHAdkvfrSL;BuD;
wpfOD;\ ajymMum;csuft &od&onf/
t qdkygeefqef, efaus;&Gm&Sdaps;wef;
t wG i f ;od k Y nyd k i f ;wG i fArmppf wyf rS0i f
a&muf rD ;d I Uzsuf qD ;cJ h onf h t wG ufa' o
cH &G mom;rsm;t aejzi f hucsi f vG wf ajrmuf
a&;wyf rawmf(KIA) XmecsKyf od k Y xG uf
ajy;wd rf ;a&S mi f rI rsm; &S d aMumi f ;ES i f ht qd k yg
wd k uf yG J wG i f Armppf wyf buf rSppf om;
20 cefYusqHk;um aut dki fat rSoHk;OD;
xd cd k uf ' P f &m&&S doG m;aMumi f ;od &onf /
t qdkygwdkufyGJrsm;t NyD; at mufwdkbm
v t wGi f; ArmppfwyfbufrSjrefrm-
wk wf e, f pyfjzpf onf hvd k i f ZmNrd KUt eD ;od k Y
wyf &i f ; 16&i f ;t xdwyf &i f ;wd k ;csJ UrI rsm;
jyKvk yfonf h t wG ufwd k uf yG J rsm; yd k rd k jzpf yG m;cJ h
aMumi f ; t xuf ygyk * d Kvf \ xyf rH ajymjy
csuf t &od &onf / , i f ;aemufvuf &S d
t csd ef wG i fjynf axmi f pk 0ef BuD ; OD ;at mi f
ri f ; OD ;aqmi f onf hjynf axmi f pk Ni d rf ;csrf ;
a&;azmf aqmi f a&; vk yf i ef ;aumf rwD ES i f h
ucsi fvGwfajrmufa&;t zGJU(KIO/KIA)
wd k Y onfNyD ;cJ h onf harvaemuf qH k ;ywf wG i f
yxrqH k ;t Bud rf t jzpfjref rmjynf wG i f ;&S d
ucsi f jynf e, f jrpf BuD ;em;Nrd KU Ni d rf ;csrf ;a&;
aqG;aEG;rIrsm;jyKvkyf oabmwlcsuf
ck epf csuf t m; oabmwl vufrS wf a&;xd k ;
aMumi f ; od &onf / at mi f at mi f
vG d Ki f aumf av, mOf uG i f ;ES i f havqd yf t m; t qi f hi g;qi f h cG J um
t qi f h jr i f h wi f aqmi f &G uf oG m;rnfjzpf aMumi f ; yd k Y aqmi f a&;ES i f h aqmuf
vk yf a&;qyf aumf rwD rSowi f ;xk wf jyef vd k uf onf /
2013-2014 b@ma&;ES pf wG i f&ef yH k ai G usyf oef ; 500 cG i f h jyK
xm; aMumi f ;?2014-2015 b@ma&; ES pf t wG uf&ef yH k ai G usyf oef ;
1400 vsmxm;wi f jyawmi f ;cH xm;aMumi f ;?Master Plan t &av
, mOf ajy;vrf ;rsm;wd k ;csJ Uwnf aqmuf Ed k i f&ef t wG ufNrd KUjyavaMumi f ;
t zG J UcsKyf rSjy| mef ;t wnf jyKxm;aom pH csd ef pH nT ef ;rsm;t wk d i f ;
t aumi f t xnf azmf aqmi f &G uf oG m;rnf jzpf aMumi f ;od &onf /
c&D ;oG m;vk yf i ef ;rsm;zG H UNzd K;wd k ; wuf vmonf ES i f h t rQjynf wG i f ;
avqd yf rsm;ud kt qi f h jr i f h wi faqmi f &G uf vsuf &d S &mwG i fjynf wG i f ;
avqdyf 30 t m; t qi fhjri fhwi fa&;t wGufjynfwGi f;?jynfy
yk * vd u &i f ;ES D ;jr Kyf ES H rI rsm;ud kzd wf ac:vsuf &S daMumi f ; jynf wG i f ;avqd yf
69 ck t wG ufEd k i f i H awmf t aejzi f hES pf pOf t ar&d uefa' :vm12
oef ;uscH oH k ;pG Jae&ojzi f hyk * vd uvk yf i ef ;&S i f rsm; ud kzd wf ac:jci f ;jzi f h
Ed k i f i H awmf bwf*suf oH k ;pG J rI ud kavQmh csEd k i f rnf jzpfaMumi f ; avaMumi f ;
nT ef Mum;rI OD ;pD ;XmerSnT ef Mum;a&;rS L;csKyfOD ;wi f Ed k i f xG ef ;u ajymMum;
onf /
jref rmh av aMumi f ;yd k Y aqmi f a&;t aejzi f hvmrnf hES pf rsm;wG i f
t &S d ef t [ k ef jzi f hzG H UNzd K;wd k ;wuf vmrnf [ k arQmf vi f h xm;aMumi f ;?
jynf wG i f ;jynf yavaMumi f ;vd k i f ;rsm; wd k ;csJ UysH oef ;rI rsm; vk yf aqmi f
vmojzi f hav, mOf pD ; c&D ;onft a&t wG uf ES pf pOfwd k ;wuf rsm;jym;
vmaeaMumi f ;?2012 ck ES pf wG i fav, mOf pD ;c&D ;onf 3 ' or 6
oef ;&S d &mrS2013 ck ES pf wG i f4 ' or 2 oef ;t xd jri f h wuf vmcJ h
aMumi f ;?2030 t wG i f ;wG i fav, mOf pD ;c&D onfoef ; 30 t xd &S d
.:._ _e. ._~: . , .-~. ~q. q._ .
0wf &nf
2014-2015 ckESpft wGi f;
u, m;jynf e, f t wG i f ;&S daus;vuf
a' orsm; &mEIef;jynfhvQyfppfrD;
vi f ;apa&; aqmi f &G uf aeonf [ k
u, m;jynfe, ft pdk;&t zGJUrSod&Sd
&onf /
aus;v ufa' o rsm;wGi f
rD ;vi f ;ap&efjynf e, f t pd k ;&t ae
jzi f h 2013ck ES pf at muf wd k bmvt xd
Ek d i f i H awmf "mwf t m;pepf jzi f haus;
&G maygi f ; 79 &G mrD ;ay;Ek d i f cJ h NyD ; qd k vm
pepf jzi f haus;&G maygi f ; 127 &G mud k
rD ;&&S d ap&efaqmi f &G uf ay;xm;NyD ;
jzpfaMumi f; u, m;jynfe, fArm
wk d i f ;&i f ;om;a&;&m0ef BuD ; OD ;pd ef OD ;
uajymonf /
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t xdrD ;&aeygNyD / vuf &S d rS mvnf ;
aus;&G maygi f ; 200 ausmf rD ;vi f ;ae
ygNyD / aemuf xyf47 &G mrD ;&&S d at mi f
vnf ; aqmi f &G uf aeqJ jzpf ygw, f /
vd G Ki f aumf -&S m;awmvQyf ppf rD ;vd k i f ;
qG J zd k Ybwf *suf usNyD ;jzpf ygw, f }}[ k
, .~._.:._ .
vd G Ki f aumf Nrd KUES i f h&S m;awmNrd KU
e, f od k YvQyf ppf rD ;vd k i f ;qG J rnf ht uG m
t a0;rS mrd k i f40?vd G Ki f aumf Nrd KUES i f h
abmf vcJ Nrd KUe, fvQyf ppf rD ;vd k i f ;qG J
rnf ht uG mt a0;rS m33 rd k i f &S d NyD ; 66
auADGvdki f;jzi fhqGJrnfjzpfaMumi f;
u, m;jynf e, f vQyf ppf 0ef BuD ;Xme
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a' o &mEI ef ;jynf h rD ;vi f ;a&; aqmi f
&G uf &mwG i fvQyf ppf "mwf t m; jzef Y
jzL;a&;ESi fhaus;vufa' ozGHUNzdK;rI
OD ;pD ;Xme[ l ES pf yd k i f ;cG J aqmi f &G uf
oG m;rnf jzpf NyD ; vQyf ppf rD ;r&Ed k i f onf h
aus;&G mrsm;ud kqd k vmpepf jzi f hrD ;&&S d
&efaus;vuf a' ozG H UNzd K;a&; OD ;pD ;
XmerSaqmi f&GufoGm;rnfjzpf
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vuf &S d Ek d i f i H awmf wG i ft oH k ;jyK
aeonf hvQyf ppf "mwf t m; 20 &m
cd k i f EI ef ;rS mu, m;jynf e, f &S davmyd
wa&t m;vQyf ppf puf H k t rS wf(1)
ES i f ht rS wf(2) wd k Y rSxk wf vk yf ay;ae
jci f ;jzpf aMumi f ; od &onf /
, ck t cgavmyd wt rS wf(3)
ud kwnf aqmuf vsuf &S d NyD ; &&S d vm
rnf hvQyf ppf "mwf t m;rsm;ud kxd k i f ;
Ekdi fi HodkY a&mi f;csay;rnf[ kod&
onf /
vuf &S d t pd k ;&rwuf rD umv
u u, m;jynf e, f \ cd k i f ES pf ck jzpf
onf hvd G Ki f aumf cd k i f ES i f habmf vcJ
cd k i f wd k Y wG i fvd G Ki f aumf Nrd KUwpf ck om
rD ;vi f ;cJ h NyD ; , ck t cgabmf vcJ Nrd KU
wGi fomru jynfe, f\ NrdKUe, f
t rsm;pkwGi fygrD;v i f;aeNyDjzpf
aMumi f ; vd G Ki f aumf Nrd KUwG i faexd k i f ol
wpf OD ;uqd k onf /
]]t ckjynfe, f&JUNrdKUawGeJY
aus;&G mwcsKd UawG rS mrD ;vi f ;aeygNyD /
' gayrJhNrdKUeJYvnf;t vSrf;a0;NyD;
t &rf ;vnf ; acsmi f uswJ h ae&mawG
rSmawmhrD;r&ao;ygbl;/ wcsKdU
&G mawG rS mqd kqd k vmpepf awG ?rD ;puf
awG eJ YrD ;&at mi f vk yf ay;wmawmh
&Sdygw, f/ ' gayrJhrD;puft wGuf
qD;zdk;usoi fhai GqdkNyD; ydkufqHawmh
ay;&w, f }}[ k a' ocHud k NzKd ;uajym
onf /
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ES i f hNrd KUe, f cG Jwpf Nrd KUe, f ?pk pk aygi f ;
&S pf Nrd KUe, f ?aus;&G maygi f ; 511 &G m
&SdNyD; v lOD;a&360000 ausmf&Sd
aMumi f ; od &onf /
t pdk;&ESi fht ypft cwf&yfpJ
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t *F vef csef yD , H &S pf yG J pOf (23)
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t *F vef csef yD , H &S pf yG J pOf (24)
28-12-2013(paeaeY )
29-12-2013(we*F aEG aeY )
1-1-2014(Ak ' [ l ;aeY )
29-12-2013(we*F aEG aeY )
2-1-2014(Mumoyaw;aeY )
1-1-2014(Ak ' [ l ;aeY )
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(27)Bud rf ajrmuf qD ;*d rf ;Nyd Ki f yG JNyD ;qH k ;csd ef wG i ft rsKd ;om;abmvH k ;
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2-1-2014(Mumoyaw;aeY )
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