Code: R7411211 B.

Tech IV Year I Semester (R07) Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14 IMAGE PROCESSING
(Information Technology)

R07

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks
1

Max. Marks: 80

***** (a) List out the various fields that use digital image processing techniques. (b) Consider the two image subsets, S1 and S2, shown in the following figure. For , determine whether these two subsets are (a) 4-adjacent, (b) 8-adjacent, or (c) madjacent. If a particular adjacency does not exist between two subjects then explain why?

S1

S2

1 1 1 1

1 1 1 2

1 2 2 2

1 1 1 2 1

1 1 2 1

1 2 2 1

2 1 1 1

2 1 1 1

(a) A skilled medical technician is charged with the job of inspecting a certain class of images generated by an electron microscope. In order to simplify the inspection task, the technician decides to use digital image enhancement and to this end, examines a set of representative images and finds the following problem. (1) bright, isolated dots that are of no interest; (2) lack of sharpness; (3) not enough contrast in some images; (4) shifts in the average grey levels value. When this value should be V to perform correctly certain intensity measurements? The technician wants to correct these problems and then display in white all gray levels in the band between 11 and 12, while keeping normal tonality in the remaining gray levels. Propose a sequence of processing steps that the technician can follow to achieve the desired goal. You may use techniques from both spatial and frequency domain image enhancement techniques. (b) A 4X4, 4 bits/pixel original image is given by

(i) Apply histogram equalization to the image by rounding the resulting image pixels to integers. (ii) Sketch the histograms of the original image and the histogram equalized image. Contd. in page 2 Page 1 of 2

Code: R7411211
3

R07
F(u, v)

(a) Consider 4 X 4 grayscale image f(x, y) and it 2D DFT F (u, v) given below. Compute the missing transform coefficients of F (u, v). f(x, y) 0 0 0 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

? 0 ? 0

0 0 0 ?

0 ? 0 0

(b) Justify the statement Median filter is an effective filter to minimize salt-and pepper noise through simple illustration. 4 (a) Draw the general of the shape of transformation functions used to correct excessive contrast in the RGB color space. (b) Consider the following 500 x 500 RGB color image, where the squares are pure red, green and blue. (i) Suppose that we convert this image to HIS, blur the H component image with a 25 x 25 averaging mask, and convert back to RGB. What would be the result look like? (ii) Repeat, blurring only the saturation component this time. Green Red Blue Green 5 (a) Obtain the Huffman code for the COMMITTEE. Also determine the efficiency of obtaining Huffman code. (b) Explain JPEG 2000 compression techniques with neat diagram. (a) The input structure element are structuring element are shown below. Perform the opening and closing of the input picture. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Input Picture Structuring element (b) List and explain morphological operations and their properties. 7 (a) Explain in detail role of illumination in image segmentation. (b) How to describe the boundary of the region in the image? Explain them in detail. (a) Illustrate the working principle of minimum distance classifier with suitable example. (b) Write short notes on the following : (i) Syntactic recognition. (ii) Inferring finite automaton.

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