F R O M T H E PA G E S O F
Tuesday
July 21, 2009
Midnight in New York
Nine pages © 2009 The New York Times
Hard-Line Force Stifles Dissent in Iran obama pushing,
CAIRO — As Iran’s political
elite and clerical establishment
splinter over the election crisis,
the nation’s most powerful insti-
tution — the Islamic Revolution-
ary Guards Corps — has emerged
as a driving force behind efforts
to crush a still-defiant opposition
movement.
From its origin 30 years ago as
a militia force serving Islamic
leaders, the corps has grown to
assume an increasingly asser-
tive role in virtually every aspect
of Iranian society.
Its drive to silence dissenting
views has led many political ana-
lysts to describe the events sur-
rounding the June 12 presidential
election as a military coup.
“It is not a theocracy anymore,”
said Rasool Nafisi, an expert in
Iranian affairs and a co-author of
a study of the corps for the RAND
Corp. “It is a regular military se-
curity government with a facade
of a Shiite clerical system.”
The corps has become a vast
military-based conglomerate,
with control of Iran’s missile bat-
teries, oversight of its nuclear
program and a multibillion-dol-
lar business empire that reaches
Suspect in Mumbai Terrorist Attack Confesses
MUMBAI, India — The sole
surviving gunman of the deadly
rampage in Mumbai unexpect-
edly confessed in court here on
Monday, adding his voice to what
may be the most well-document-
ed terrorist attack anywhere.
The gunman, Ajmal Kasab,
21, was the man in an infamous
surveillance photograph, looking
calm with a blue T-shirt and a ma-
chine gun. The photograph was
one part of an extraordinary elec-
tronic record reviewed during the
trial, which the judge ruled would
go on. Recordings of intercepted
phone calls provided a spooky,
real-time narration between the
handlers and the gunmen, who at
times needed to be prodded into
action and were stunned at the
opulence of one hotel.
“Everything is being recorded
by the media,” one of the handlers
told the gunmen at the Oberoi Ho-
but early vote
into nearly every sector of the
economy. It runs laser eye-sur-
on health fades
gery clinics, manufactures cars,
builds roads and bridges, devel-
ops gas and oil fields and controls
black-market smuggling, experts
say.
Its fortune and its sense of enti-
tlement have grown under Presi-
dent Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.
Since 2005, when he took office,
companies affiliated with the
Revolutionary Guards have been
awarded more than 750 govern-
ment contracts in construction
and oil and gas projects, Iranian
news reports document. All of its
finances stay off the budget, free
from any state oversight or need
to provide an accounting to Par-
liament.
The corps’s alumni hold dozens
of seats in Parliament and top
government posts. Ahmadinejad
is a former member, as are the
speaker of Parliament, Ali Lari-
jani, and the mayor of Tehran,
Mohammad Baqer Qalibaf. And
the influence of the Revolution-
ary Guards reaches deep into the
education system, where it indoc-
trinates students in loyalty to the
state, and into the state-controlled
tel. “Inflict maximum damage.
Keep fighting. Don’t be taken
alive.”
But it did not appear to be the
evidence that prompted Kasab to
confess to his role in the attacks,
where more than 160 people were
killed in November. He said it
was because his native Pakistan
had begun cooperating more with
India and identified him as a par-
ticipant.
“I don’t think I am innocent,” he
said, speaking in subdued Hindi.
“My request is that we end the
trial and be sentenced.”
For the better part of a day he
held the courtroom spellbound:
he portrayed himself as a poor
Pakistani who joined the militant
group Lashkar-e-Taiba only for
money. But in the end, the mis-
sion was martyrdom. He told the
court how he and his partner had
assembled a bomb in a bathroom
Visit The Times on the Web: www.nytimes.com
media, where it guides television
and radio programming.
“They are the proponents of
an authoritarian modernization,
convinced that the clergy should
continue supplying the legitima-
tion for the regime as a sort of
military chaplains, but definitely
not run the show,” said a political
scientist who worked in Iran for
years.
The corps has as many as
130,000 members and runs five
armed branches that are inde-
pendent from the national mili-
tary. Its best-known subsidiaries
are the Quds Force, which has
carried out operations in other
countries, including the training
and arming of the Hezbollah mili-
tia in Lebanon; and the Basij mi-
litia. The Basiji include millions
of volunteer vigilantes used to
crack down on election protests
and dissidents.
Members of the Revolutionary
Guards and their families receive
privileged status at every level,
which benefits them in university
admissions and in the distribu-
tion of subsidized commodities,
experts said.
MICHAEL SLACKMAN
at a train station, then planted an-
other bomb in a taxi.
“I was firing, and Abu was hurl-
ing hand grenades,” he told the
court, referring to his partner and
to the assault on the train station,
where more than 50 people were
killed. “I fired at a policeman,
after which there was no firing
from the police side.”
His journey to Mumbai was at
once banal and strange.
He told Judge M. L. Tahilyani
that he was broke and tired of
his job working for a decorator
in Jhelum, a small town in Paki-
stan. He and a friend had hatched
a plan. They would earn cash by
robbing people. And to improve
their banditry skills they would
seek out military training from
the easiest source available to a
young Pakistani man: Islamic
militants.  VIKAS BAJAJ
and LYDIA POLGREEN
WASHINGTON — As Presi-
dent Obama began a new push
Monday to overhaul the health
system, Democratic Congres-
sional leaders, bowing to unease
among lawmakers and gover-
nors in their own party, suggest-
ed scaling back a plan to tax top
earners to pay for the sweeping
legislation and signaled a retreat
from their ambitious timetable.
House and Senate leaders had
been pressing for floor votes be-
fore lawmakers depart for the
August recess. But Congressio-
nal aides said it was increasingly
clear that the Senate would not be
ready to vote on its bill before its
recess begins on Aug. 8 and that
House Democrats seemed unwill-
ing to vote to raise taxes without
knowing where the Senate stood.
The House speaker, Nancy
Pelosi, suggested revising the
tax-raising provisions, one of
the most contentious parts of the
House bill, which would impose
a surtax on high-income house-
holds. Pelosi said she would pre-
fer that fewer people had to pay
the tax, which was approved Fri-
day by the Ways and Means Com-
mittee.
Obama, in an interview on
PBS, said he had not given up on
his timetable. Earlier in the day,
while on a visit to the Children’s
National Medical Center in Wash-
ington, he spoke out strongly
against a health system that he
said was increasingly unafford-
able to families.
But rather than repeating his
demand that each chamber of
Congress pass a bill before the
August break, Obama stressed
the need to reach a final agree-
ment by the end of the year.
Aides to Pelosi said she wanted
to lift the surtax thresholds to
$500,000 for individuals and $1
million for joint filers, so the new
levy could be described as a tax
on millionaires.
DAVID M. HERSZENHORN
and ROBERT PEAR
International
Bomb Kills 4 G.I.’s, Swelling Afghan Toll
KABUL — Four U.S. soldiers
were killed by a roadside explo-
sion in eastern Afghanistan on
Monday, making July the deadli-
est month for U.S. service mem-
bers in the country since 2001 and
underscoring the frightening rise
in the sophistication and accura-
cy of roadside bombs.
At least 30 Americans have
died in the first three weeks of
July, surpassing the highest pre-
vious monthly toll, 28, reached in
June 2008.
Part of the reason for July’s
sharply higher fatalities is the
three-week-old offensive in Hel-
mand Province, where U.S. Ma-
rines and British soldiers are
trying to take control of areas
dominated by the Taliban.
But the most significant factor
is the increasing power of road-
side bombs employed by guer-
rillas in eastern and southern Af-
ghanistan, including Helmand.
The bombs are generally not as
powerful as the improvised ex-
Khamenei Rebukes Former Iranian Presidents
BEIRUT, Lebanon — Iran’s
supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali
Khamenei, warned political lead-
ers on Monday to be cautious in
addressing the country’s recent
unrest, in an apparent rebuke to
two former presidents who have
openly criticized the govern-
ment’s handling of the disputed
June 12 presidential election.
Khamenei, in a meeting with
government officials that was
broadcast by state television,
kept his remarks vague, warn-
ing against “a hand that wishes to
strike at the system,” and saying
the political elite could “collapse”
if it does not adequately meet the
challenge it now faces.
Clinton, in India, Helps Inaugurate a Strategic Dialogue
NEW DELHI — The United
States pledged Monday to em-
bark on a new era of deeper rela-
tions with India — a partnership
of what Secretary of State Hillary
Rodham Clinton likes to call the
world’s largest democracy and
its oldest continuously function-
ing one.
As Clinton conjured up a vision
of friendship between the two
countries in a speech to a univer-
sity audience here, the Obama
plosive devices, or I.E.D.’s, used
by Iraqi guerrillas, who drew on
huge stockpiles of artillery shells.
In later years, Shiite insurgents
also employed the explosively
formed penetrator, a more
precisely machined bomb that
launched a fist-size molten ball
that could pierce the military’s
thickest armor.
Afghan guerrillas have fewer
tools at their disposal, yet the toll
of I.E.D. deaths continues to rise,
just as it did as the Iraqi insurgen-
cy grew stronger in 2005.
Twenty-one American troops
have died from I.E.D. blasts so
far this month, according to da-
ta recorded by icasualties.org,
which tracks military deaths. Six
more Americans were killed by
gunfire, rockets, mortars shells
and rocket-propelled grenades.
Two Air Force officers were
killed when their F-15E fighter
jet crashed Saturday, and a sailor
died from pneumonia, according
to the group’s Web site.
But his comments made clear
that the governing elite was not
backing down in the face of an em-
boldened opposition that rejected
President Mahmoud Ahmadine-
jad’s re-election as fraudulent and
mounted renewed street protests
in recent days.
Khamenei’s remarks appeared
to be aimed at two former presi-
dents who have taken up the man-
tle of Iran’s opposition in recent
days: Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsan-
jani and Muhammad Khatami.
Rafsanjani, the cleric who leads
two important state institutions,
said Friday that the government
had lost the trust of many Ira-
nians, and he urged the release
administration signed off on an
agreement that will open the door
to military sales by the United
States to India. In addition, India
said it had designated two sites
where U.S. companies would
build nuclear power plants.
“We will work not just to main-
tain our good relationship, but to
broaden and deepen it,” Clinton
said at a news conference with
the Indian minister for external
affairs, S. M. Krishna.
The military tallies do not in-
clude Afghan civilians regularly
killed by I.E.D.’s often intended
for Western or Afghan forces. On
Sunday at least 10 Afghans died in
Farah Province along the Iranian
border when a civilian minibus
and truck were struck by two hid-
den bombs, authorities said.
Many of the Taliban’s bombs
are made from ingredients like
fertilizer and diesel fuel. Such
bombs are less effective than
military muntions, but with
enough fertilizer and diesel, Af-
ghan guerrillas have shown they
can destroy almost anything U.S.
forces operate in the rugged coun-
tryside.
The British military has lost 17
soldiers this month. Lt. Col. Ru-
pert Thorneloe, the 39-year-old
commander of the First Battalion
of the Welsh Guards, was killed
by an I.E.D. on July 1, the most se-
nior British commander to die in
battle since the Falklands war.
RICHARD A. OPPEL Jr.
of the protesters arrested in the
recent street protests. Khatami
expanded on those comments on
Sunday, calling for a referendum
on the government’s legitimacy.
Those remarks posed a chal-
lenge to Khamenei, who has hailed
Ahmadinejad’s victory as fair and
blamed foreign agitators and jour-
nalists for the unrest.
Khamenei spoke contemptu-
ously of the protesters on Monday,
saying: “It is a mistake to believe
that a limited group of people, in
Tehran only — setting fire to rub-
bish bins, to public property, to
motorbikes, to their cars, to their
banks — are people. These are not
people.’’ ROBERT F. WORTH
The United States and India in-
augurated a strategic dialogue,
spanning issues from education
to climate change, and drawing
in participants from the business
world and academia, as well as
the government.
The United States generally
reserves strategic dialogues for
major countries like China, so
this is a symbolic acknowledg-
ment of India’s rising role.
 MARK LANDLER
Tuesday, July 21, 2009 2
in brief
Lower Terror Alert
Britain lowered its terrorism
alert by a notch on Monday to
its lowest level since 2005, just
before the bombings in London
that year. The British home sec-
retary, Alan Johnson, said that
the level had been reduced from
“severe” to “substantial” but
warned that an attack remained
a “strong possibility.”  (NYT)
Violence in Iraq
Five Iraqi police officers and
two civilians were shot dead in
a series of six attacks by gun-
men on Monday in Mosul, and
a car bomb near the headquar-
ters of the provincial govern-
ment in Ramadi killed two po-
licemen, security officials said.
 (NYT)
China Death Toll
Twelve of the nearly 200 peo-
ple killed during an ethnic riot
this month in Urumqi, China,
were shot by Chinese security
forces, the state news agency
reported over the weekend. It
was China’s first official ac-
counting of the number of peo-
ple killed by the police and
paramilitary troops.  (NYT)
Cambodians in Court
Cambodia’s courts have been
busy in recent weeks with cases
of defamation, disinformation
and incitement brought by the
government of Prime Minister
Hun Sen in what critics say is
part of a broad assault on civil
liberties. In the most prominent
cases, two opposition politicians
have been stripped of their par-
liamentary immunity and sued
for libel. The editor of one of
the country’s last opposition
newspapers was sent to pris-
on in June for articles he had
published. and another editor
agreed to shut down his newspa-
per to avoid court action.
 (NYT)
Trial in Turkey
The second mass trial of secu-
larists charged with plotting to
topple the government of Tur-
key began Monday, with two re-
tired generals among the 56 de-
fendants.  (NYT)
national
Government Withheld Data on Driving Risks
In 2003, researchers at a feder-
al agency proposed a long-term
study of 10,000 drivers to assess
the safety risk posed by cellphone
use behind the wheel.
They sought the study based on
evidence that such multitasking
was a serious and growing threat
on America’s roadways.
But such an ambitious study
never happened. And the re-
searchers’ agency, the National
Highway Traffic Safety Adminis-
tration, decided not to make pub-
lic hundreds of pages of research
and warnings about the use of
phones by drivers — in part, of-
ficials say, because of concerns
about angering Congress.
On Tuesday, the full body of re-
search is being made public for
the first time by two consumer
advocacy groups, the Center for
Auto Safety and Public Citizen,
which filed a Freedom of Infor-
mation Act lawsuit for the docu-
ments
The former head of the safety
Harvard Professor Jailed; Officer Accused of Bias
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. — Col-
leagues of Henry Louis Gates Jr.,
the Harvard scholar of African-
American history, are accusing
the police here of racism after
Gates was arrested at his home
last week by an officer investi-
gating a report of a robbery in
progress.
Gates, who has taught at Har-
vard for almost two decades, ar-
rived home on Thursday from a
trip to China to find his front door
jammed, said Charles J. Ogle-
tree, a law professor at Harvard
who is representing him.
He forced the door open with
the help of his cab driver, Ogle-
tree said, and had been inside for
Obama Honors Apollo 11 Crew on 40th Anniversary
WASHINGTON — President
Obama paid tribute on Monday
to the astronauts of Apollo 11,
who took man’s first steps on the
moon 40 years ago in a landmark
moment that he said inspired a
generation of scientists and en-
gineers.
But as Obama welcomed Buzz
Aldrin, Neil A. Armstrong and
Michael Collins to the White
House and hailed them as “genu-
ine American heroes,” he was si-
agency said he was urged to with-
hold the research to avoid antago-
nizing members of Congress.
Critics say that rationale and
the failure of the Department of
Transportation, which oversees
N.H.T.S.A., to more vigorously
pursue distracted driving has
cost lives and allowed a culture of
behind-the-wheel multitasking to
further develop.
“We’re looking at a problem
that could be as bad as drunk
driving, and the government
has covered it up,” said Clarence
Ditlow, director of the Center for
Auto Safety.
The safety researchers esti-
mated that cellphone use by driv-
ers caused around 955 fatalities
and 240,000 accidents over all in
2002.
The researchers also shelved
a draft letter they had prepared
for Transportation Secretary
Norman Y. Mineta to send to the
states, warning them that hands-
free laws might not solve the
a few minutes when Sgt. James
Crowley of the Cambridge Police
Department appeared at his door
and asked him to step outside.
Gates, 58, refused to do so, Ogle-
tree said. From that point, the ac-
count of Gates and the police be-
gan to differ.
According to his lawyer, Gates
told the sergeant that he lived
there and showed his Massa-
chusetts driver’s license and
his Harvard identification card,
but Crowley still did not seem
to believe that Gates lived in the
home, a few blocks from Harvard
Square. At that point, his lawyer
said, Gates grew frustrated and
asked for the officer’s name and
lent about specific intentions for a
new chapter of space exploration.
He talked about increasing stan-
dards for math and science edu-
cation but seemed to suggest the
best days of the space program
were in the past.
“I think it’s fair to say,” Obama
said, “that the touchstone for
excellence in exploration and
discovery is always going to be
represented by the men of Apollo
11.”
problem.
Research shows that motorists
talking on a phone are four times
more likely to crash than other
drivers, and are as likely to cause
an accident as someone with a .08
blood alcohol content.
The research team based its fa-
tality and accident estimates on
studies that quantified the risks
of distracted driving, and an as-
sumption that 6 percent of driv-
ers were talking on the phone at a
given time. That figure is roughly
half what the Department of
Transportation assumes to be the
case now.
Dr. Jeffrey Runge, the head
of the safety agency at the time,
said he grudgingly decided not to
publish the Mineta letter and pol-
icy recommendation because of
political considerations. He said
transportation officials told him
he could jeopardize their financ-
ing if Congress perceived that
N.H.T.S.A. had crossed the line
into lobbying. MATT RICHTEL
badge number.
But according to the police re-
port, Gates initially refused to
show identification. Crowley said
that as he told Gates he was inves-
tigating a possible break-in, Gates
exclaimed, “Why, because I’m a
black man in America?” and ac-
cused the sergeant of racism.
Gates ultimately followed him
outside the report said, and kept
yelling at him despite the ser-
geant’s warning “that he was be-
coming disorderly.” Crowley then
arrested him. Gates was held at
police headquarters for several
hours before being released on
his own recognizance.
 ABBY GOODNOUGH
Obama did not talk about the
timing of another voyage to
the moon or mention the planet
Mars.
Several Apollo astronauts
called for new emphasis on space
exploration. Obama has endorsed
the Bush administration’s plan to
return astronauts to the Moon
by 2020, asking for a 5 percent in-
crease in the National Aeronau-
tics and Space Administration
budget.  JEFF ZELENY
Tuesday, July 21, 2009 3
in brief
California Seals
A Budget Deal
California lawmakers, their
state broke and its credit rating
shot, finally sealed the deal with
the governor Monday night on
a plan to close a $26 billion bud-
get gap. All told, the deal con-
tains $15.6 billion in spending
cuts, about $2.1 billion in bor-
rowing, $3.9 billion in new reve-
nues and about $2.7 billion in ac-
counting maneuvers like shift-
ing a payday into the next fiscal
year. While the state’s health in-
surance program for children,
Healthy Families, remains, it
was cut by $144 million, mean-
ing thousands of children will
probably be on a waiting list un-
less a private foundation makes
up the balance, as the Legisla-
ture hopes.  (NYT)
Tourism Boycott
Coal miners and their em-
ployers in West Virginia are en-
couraging a boycott of travel to
Tennessee in retaliation for Sen.
Lamar Alexander’s support of a
federal ban on mountaintop re-
moval mining. Two companies
canceled their picnics at Dol-
lywood, Dolly Parton’s amuse-
ment park.  (NYT)
Mining Restriction
The Obama administration
said Monday that it was desig-
nating nearly one million acres
of Arizona land near the Grand
Canyon off limits to new ura-
nium mining claims for two
years. Environmental groups
have argued that extensive min-
ing operations could contami-
nate the watershed around the
canyon. The decision will not
block development of mines
whose claims have already
been validated. Some of the
10,600 existing claims within the
acreage could thus end up as
mining operations.  (NYT)
Illinois Candidate
Rep. Mark Steven Kirk, a Re-
publican, is running for the U.S.
Senate seat once held by Presi-
dent Obama. Kirk, 49, is in his
fifth term representing Illinois’
10th Congressional District,
which is north of Chicago.  (AP)
business
DJIA 8,848.15 U 104.21
NASDAQ 1,909.29 U 22.68
Ad Hoc Strategy to Manufacturing’s Decline
If the Obama administration
has a strategy for reviving manu-
facturing, Douglas Bartlett would
like to know what it is.
Buffeted by foreign competi-
tion, Bartlett recently closed his
printed circuit board factory,
founded 57 years ago by his fa-
ther, and laid off the remaining 87
workers. Last week, he auctioned
off the machinery, and soon he will
raze the factory itself in Cary, Ill.
Though manufacturing has long
been in decline, the loss of factory
jobs has been especially brutal of
late, with nearly two million dis-
appearing since the recession be-
gan in December 2007. Even a few
chief executives, heading compa-
nies that have shifted plenty of
production abroad, are beginning
to express alarm.
Leading Indicators Give the Markets Momentum
Most Americans are still wait-
ing for this painful recession to
end. But on Wall Street, new signs
that the economy just might be
turning heartened investors on
Monday. The broad stock market
leapt to its highest level since the
bleak days of last November on
news that the index of leading eco-
nomic indicators, which is used
to spot peaks and troughs in the
economy, rose in June for a third
consecutive month, something
it had not done since 2004. Hopes
that the CIT Group, the troubled
commercial lender, would avert
bankruptcy added to the buoyant
mood.
While the economy remains
fragile, optimism on Wall Street
seems to be growing. The June
Barnes & Noble to Create a Giant Center for E-Books
Four months after acquir-
ing an e-book retailer, Barnes &
Noble, the world’s largest chain
of bookstores, is starting its own
mega e-bookstore on its Web site,
BN.com.
In an announcement on Mon-
day, Barnes & Noble said that
it would offer more than 700,000
books that could be read on a
wide range of devices, including
Apple’s iPhone, the BlackBerry
and various laptop or desktop
computers. When Barnes & Noble
Dollar/YEN 94.23 D 0.01
10-yr treasury 3.61% D 0.04
“We must make a serious com-
mitment to manufacturing and
exports. This is a national imper-
ative,” Jeffrey R. Immelt, chair-
man and chief executive of Gen-
eral Electric, said in a speech last
month, while acknowledging that
G.E. was enriched by its overseas
operations, too.
President Obama, agreeing in
effect, has declared, “The fight
for American manufacturing is
the fight for America’s future.”
The United States ranks behind
every industrial nation except
France in the percentage of over-
all economic activity devoted to
manufacturing — 13.9 percent,
the World Bank reports, down
a percentage point or so in a de-
cade. The 19-month-old recession
has contributed to this decline. In-
leading indicators, coupled with
a run of healthy earnings results
from major banks and corpora-
tions in recent days, added to the
growing sense that the worst is
over and that the recession is at
least easing.
While many Wall Street traders
remained cautious about pushing
share prices much higher, mo-
mentum seems to be building in
the marketplace. The chief U.S.
investment strategist at Gold-
man Sachs, for instance, raised
his year-end target for the Stan-
dard & Poor’s 500-stock index on
Monday to 1,060 — a level nearly
11.5 percent higher than Mon-
day’s close of 951.13.
“There’s a loud noise coming
from reports turning out better
acquired Fictionwise in March,
that online retailer had about
60,000 books in its catalog.
More than 500,000 of the books
now offered electronically on
BN.com can be downloaded
free, through an agreement with
Google to provide electronic ver-
sions of public domain books that
Google has scanned. Sony an-
nounced a similar deal in March
to offer the public domain books
on its Reader device.
Barnes & Noble is promoting its
gold (ny) $948.70 U 11.20
crude oil $63.98 U 0.42
dustrial production has fallen 17.3
percent, the sharpest drop during
a recession since the 1930s.
So far, however, the Obama ad-
ministration has not come up with
a formal plan to address the rapid
decline. Instead, it has pursued ad
hoc initiatives — bailing out Gen-
eral Motors and Chrysler, for ex-
ample, and pushing green energy
by supporting the manufacture of
items like wind turbines and solar
panels.
The auto bailout, for all its im-
provisations, served notice that
the administration would prob-
ably rescue any giant manufac-
turer it deemed too big (or too
iconic) to fail, and would help the
suppliers of failing giants transi-
tion to other industries.
 LOUIS UCHITELLE
than expected,” said James W.
Paulson, the chief investment
strategist at Wells Capital Man-
agement. “We’ve got tons of in-
formation telling us we’ve turned
the corner.”
The Dow Jones industrial av-
erage rose 104.21 points, or 1.19
percent, to 8,848.15, driven by big
gains in Caterpillar, Alcoa and
Walt Disney. Since June 10, the
blue-chip index has gained 8.6
percent to land back in positive
territory for the year.
The S.&.P.’s 500-stock index
rose 10.75, or 1.14 percent, to its
highest level since last Novem-
ber. It has gained 41 percent since
early March. The Nasdaq com-
posite index rose 22.69 to 1909.29.
 GERRY SHIH
e-bookstore as the world’s larg-
est, an implicit stab at Amazon.
com, which offers about 330,000
for its Kindle device. Currently,
Google’s public domain books
cannot be read on a Kindle.
The number of e-books avail-
able on BN.com compares with
1.2 million in stock that can be
bought in print form from the
company’s Web site. A further
one million books can be ordered
from BN.com in the print-on-de-
mand format.  MOTOKO RICH
Tuesday, July 21, 2009 4
nikkei 9,395.32 U 51.16
ftse 100 4,443.62 U 54.87
N.Y.S.E. Most Active Issues
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Hong Kong .1290 .1290 7.7500 7.7500
Japan .01061 .01061 94.23 94.24
Mexico .07527 .07502 13.284 13.329
Norway .1584 .1569 6.3117 6.3745
Singapore .6941 .6898 1.4407 1.4498
So. Africa .1274 .1247 7.8475 8.0182
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Halliburton Profit Falls
HOUSTON — Halliburton, the
oil field service company, said
Monday that its second-quarter
profit declined 48 percent be-
cause of sluggish exploration
and production activity. Net in-
come for the April-June period
fell to $262 million, or 29 cents a
share. That compared with $504
million, or 55 cents a share, a
year ago. (AP)
business
Bank Holdups Are on the Rise in Spain
BARCELONA — The 52-year-
old contractor was desperate to
save his business. Unable to pay
his workers and facing bankrupt-
cy, Ausencio C.G., as the Spanish
police identify him, went to the
bank — but not for a loan.
Covering his fingertips with
surgical tape and wearing a ski
mask and a reflective jacket to
blur his image on security cam-
eras, the contractor reportedly
stole 80,000 euros from four banks
before getting caught as he tried
his fifth stickup near Barcelona in
February. That is a total of about
$115,000 — half of which came
from his first heist, and was used
to pay his workers, according to
what he told the police.
Now in prison awaiting trial, the
contractor, who is from Lleida, a
town about 150 kilometers west of
here, is reported to be part of one
group that is busier than ever in
this recession-battered country:
bank robbers.
Indeed, with unemployment ap-
proaching 20 percent, the highest
in Europe, and the overall econo-
my expected to shrink by 4.2 per-
cent this year, bank robberies in
2009 are running 20 percent ahead
of 2007’s pace, according to the
Spanish Banking Association.
“In recent months, it has be-
come apparent that Spain is suf-
fering from an increase in bank
robberies,” said Francisco Pérez
Abellán, head of the criminology
department at the University
of Camilo José Cela in Madrid.
“We are seeing people commit-
ting offenses through necessity,
first-time offenders who can no
longer continue to maintain their
lifestyle and so turn to crime.”
In the Barcelona area, only 7
percent of bank robbers were
first-time offenders in 2008, ac-
cording to José Luis Trapero, the
chief of investigations for the re-
gional police squad. That figure
has jumped to 20 percent so far
this year.
Though bank executives ar-
gue that there is no proven link
between the falling economy and
the rise in bank robberies, many
Spaniards say they think the
trends are more than coinciden-
tal — including the union that rep-
resents bank workers. It recently
persuaded the Spanish govern-
ment to classify bank robbery as
an occupational hazard.
“There’s unemployment,
there’s hunger and there’s mon-
ey in the banks, and the three
factors combine,” said José
Manuel Murcia, head of health
in the workplace for the financial
sector of one of Spain’s largest
trade unions, the CC.OO (Confed-
eración Sindical de Comisiones
Obreras).
All told, there were 165 holdups
in the first four months of 2009,
according to the Spanish Bank-
ing Association. But Murcia said
he believed the actual number of
bank robberies was higher than
the figures disclosed by the banks.
 NELSON D. SCHWARTZ
Large Print Weekly
Tuesday, July 21, 2009 5
in brief
Leading Indicators
More plans to build homes,
higher stock prices and fewer
people filing first-time claims
for jobless aid sent a private-
sector forecast of Ameri-
can economic activity higher
than expected in June. It was
the third consecutive month-
ly increase for the Conference
Board’s index of leading eco-
nomic indicators. The index
rose 0.7 percent last month.
(AP)
Wyeth Merger Vote
TRENTON, N.J. — Sharehold-
ers of the drugmaker Wyeth
voted overwhelmingly on Mon-
day to be bought by industry gi-
ant Pfizer Inc., pushing aside
one of the deal’s final hurdles.
More than 98 percent of Wyeth
stockholders voted for the $68
billion acquisition. (AP)
journal Tuesday, July 21, 2009 6

A Professor Fights Illegal Immigration One Court at a Time

DALLAS — On a recent morning, Kris group had set up early at the opposing table, fornia, Arizona, Missouri and Pennsylvania,
W. Kobach, a conservative law professor, fortified with legal assistants and stacks of among other states, with civil liberties and
rushed late into a federal courtroom here case documents. Unfazed, Kobach unleashed Hispanic groups on one side and Kobach on
with his suit slightly rumpled and little more a cascade of constitutional arguments. the other.
than a laptop under his arm. His mission was Kobach is on a dogged campaign to fight A professor at the University of Missouri-
to persuade the judge to uphold an ordinance illegal immigration at the local level, riding Kansas City law school and a Republican pol-
adopted by a Dallas suburb that would bar an insurgency by cities and states fed up with itician, Kobach developed his immigration
landlords from renting housing to illegal im- what they see as federal failures on immigra- views while working in the Justice Depart-
migrants. tion. As these local governments have taken ment at the time of the Sept. 11 attacks.
“To rigidly separate local government on enforcement roles once reserved for the The cases he has championed — from
from federal government when we think federal government, he is emerging as their housing restrictions on illegal immigrants
about immigration enforcement is not only leading legal advocate. in Farmers Branch, Texas., to sanctions for
legally incorrect, it’s also bad policy,” said The Dallas hearing — the judge has yet to employers in Valley Park, Mo., who hire such
Kris W. Kobach. issue a ruling — was one match in an immi- immigrants — are fiercely fought, with Ko-
A team of lawyers from a Latino advocacy gration contest playing out in courts in Cali- bach’s opponents accusing him of fostering
discrimination against Hispanics and divid-
crossword Edited By Will Shortz ing immigrant communities.
But Kobach’s allies say he has borrowed
PUZZLE BY DONNA S. LEVIN
a page from the Mexican American Legal
ACROSS 40 D-Day vessels 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Defense and Educational Fund and other
1 Almost half of 41 Desktop symbols
U.S. immigrants 14 15 16 pro-immigrant groups he confronts before
43 The Dapper Don
in 1840 the bench, by rethinking the conservative
45 With 55-Across,
6 Male tabbies
message left by
17 18 19
tenet that the courts should not be a forum for
10 O.K. Corral figure 28-Across for 20 21 policy change.
14 Actress Thomas future explorers And with the Obama administration in-
15 Smell ___ (be 49 Peeve 22 23 24 25 26 27
dicating that it will put off an overhaul of
suspicious) 50 Geom. immigration until late this year or beyond,
28 29 30 31
16 Console used prerequisite
with the game
the courtroom campaign for tougher rules is
51 “Aladdin” hero
Halo
32 33
likely to expand as cities and states remain
52 Little Red Book
17 Like stadiums writer 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 the main battleground for shaping immigra-
after touchdowns
55 See 45-Across
tion policy.
18 Places to put
59 Even more
41 42 43 44
Lawyers who have confronted Kobach in
briefs court say the cases he pursues would cover
certain: Lat. 45 46 47 48
20 New York Times
headline of 61 Diacritical the country in a patchwork of local immigra-
7/21/69 squiggle 49 50 51 52 53 54
tion rules that are contrary to federal law and
22 Letters that 62 Sight in the Arctic 55 56 57 58 costly to defend.
please angels Ocean “These laws divide communities, stereo-
23 Clumsy boat 63 When morning 59 60 61
type Latinos, burden businesses and trigger
ends
24 Hoagy
62 63 64 needless and expensive litigation,” said
Carmichael lyric 64 “Silas Marner”
author Lucas Guttentag, the director of the Immi-
“___ lazy river …”
25 1988 Dennis 65 Whirling water
65 66 67
grants’ Rights Project of the American Civil
Quaid/Meg Ryan 66 Anglo-Saxon 7/21/09 (No. 0721)
Liberties Union.
movie laborer Kobach rejects any accusation that his
5 Whom Hamlet 26 Handling the 44 Not pure
28 Subject of a 67 Opportunities, calls “A man that matter strategies unfairly target Latinos. “The driv-
photo beneath 46 Julia’s “Seinfeld”
metaphorically Fortune’s buffets 27 Matures role ing principle is to restore the rule of law,” he
20-Across and rewards /
29 Minneapolis 47 Inuit homes
said. JULIA PRESTON
32 La ___ vita Hast ta’en with
DOWN suburb
33 Old-time equal thanks” 48 Estevez of the
1 Mosque leaders
Norwegian 6 Sass, with “to” 30 Have the throne Brat Pack
skating sensation 2 Less common
7 McFlurry flavor 31 Archaeologist’s 53 Choice words
34 Soprano ___ Te 3 Like some find
Kanawa patches 8 Large wine bottle 54 “Waiting for
34 Fuzzy fruit Lefty” playwright
620 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018
37 Loses traction 4 Cabbage dish 9 They may come •
in sheets 35 Cupcake finisher 56 Bacchanalian Tom Brady, Editor
36 1970s James
revelry e-mail: digesteditor@nytimes.com
ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE 10 ___ 67 (onetime
Montreal event) Garner TV title 57 “Dianetics” •
T O M S W A R T S D E J A
role author ___ TimesDigest Sales Office
11 Forsakes
38 Pleasure-
Hubbard phone: (212) 556-1200
I N I T E L I O T E X A M 12 Reel’s partner
E T N A B L A I R S P R Y associated 58 D.E.A. seizure, fax: (646) 461-2364
13 Stores for G.I.’s neurotransmitter maybe e-mail: timesdigest@nytimes.com
R O O T O F A L L E V I L
P R U N E S T A O R C 19 Reluctant 39 Inscribed pillar 59 The Rail Splitter •
21 Respites 42 Natty 60 G-man
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opinion Tuesday, July 21, 2009 7

editorials of the timeS david brooks

The Sotomayor Nomination Liberal Overreach

As the Senate prepares to act on the nomi-
nation of Sonia Sotomayor to the Supreme
Court, it has learned more than enough about
her qualifications to give her a seat on the
court. It would also be good if senators — and
the nation — had a deeper sense of her views
on some of the most pressing legal questions
of our times.
We were disappointed that at her confirma-
tion hearings last week, she continued what is
becoming an unbreakable habit of nominees
dodging controversy.
It was clear that Republicans had over-
played their hand in weeks of trying to por-
tray her as radical, intemperate and even
racist. She was disarming in her appearances
before the Senate Judiciary Committee —
erudite, likable and eminently sensible. She
defused some of the main attacks on her by
backing away from a past statement that a
“wise Latina” judge could decide cases better
than a white man and by saying that she saw
a judge’s duty as applying the law, not mak-
ing it.
At times, she too willingly ceded ground to
her conservative questioners. We wish she
had spoken out forthrightly in favor of empa-
thy, a quality President Obama has said he is
looking for in his judicial nominees. We would
have liked to hear her boldly defend the idea
of the Constitution as a living document, one
that changes with the times. And we would
have preferred if she had used the hearings to
explain to the public that the much-mentioned
distinction between judges making and apply-
Gun Crazy in the Senate
On Wednesday, the Senate is expected to
vote on the latest assault on public safety in
the name of gun ownership. Introduced as an
amendment to the military’s budget bill by
Sen. John Thune, a Republican of South Da-
kota, this radical measure would nullify the
laws of almost every state, subjecting police
officers to increased risk and increasing the
potential for gun violence.
Nearly all states issue licenses to carry con-
cealed firearms, but the criteria for granting
such permits vary widely, and it is now, sen-
sibly, up to each state to decide whether to ac-
cept another state’s permits.
At least 35 states prevent people from car-
rying concealed weapons if they have certain
misdemeanor convictions. At least 31 states
prohibit alcohol abusers from obtaining a con-
cealed carry permit and require gun safety
training. The Thune amendment would force
states with more restrictive standards to ac-
cept concealed carry permits from states
with less stringent rules — in effect giving the
lax rules national reach.
Passage of the amendment would make it
much harder for law enforcement to distin-
guish between legal and illegal possession of a
ing the law has little meaning.
That, however, is not what judicial confir-
mation hearings are now about. Since the fe-
vered battle over Judge Robert Bork’s nomi-
nation in 1987, the goal for nominees has been
to skate through saying as little as possible.
Sotomayor avoided saying much of sub-
stance about abortion rights, the scope of
presidential power, and other hot-button is-
sues. It’s not entirely her fault. The Senate has
shown repeatedly that it will tolerate this sort
of evasion. But the public has a right to know
where judicial nominees stand on important
legal issues that will have a direct impact on
their lives.
Gamesmanship aside, the talent and drive
that took Sonia Sotomayor from a Bronx hous-
ing project to Yale Law School and, eventual-
ly, to a seat on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
Second Circuit in New York were very much
on display.
The National Rifle Association, and some
die-hard conservatives, are still fighting the
nomination. But with at least three Republi-
can senators already saying that they plan to
vote for her, Sotomayor seems almost certain
to be confirmed. The main suspense now is
over how bipartisan the confirmation will be
when the Judiciary Committee takes its vote.
There is a historic aspect to this nomination
since Sotomayor would be the first Hispanic
on the Supreme Court. But every new justice
changes the court. We hope the Senate con-
firms her without delay so we can see more
clearly what her contribution will be.
firearm. It would be a boon for illegal gun traf-
fickers, making it easier to transport weapons
across state lines without being caught.
Proponents of Thune’s attempt to create
the equivalent of a national concealed carry
system claim it will reduce crime. But the
evidence shows otherwise. Between May
2007 and April 2009, people holding concealed
handgun permits killed at least seven police
officers and 44 private citizens, according to
a new study by the Violence Policy Center, a
gun control advocacy group. Other examples
of crimes committed by concealed-carry li-
censees are plentiful.
For Alaska to permit residents who have
committed repeated violent misdemeanors
or who have committed misdemeanor sex
offenses against minors to carry a concealed
weapon is terrible public policy. For the Sen-
ate to extend that permit to 47 other states
would be the height of irresponsibility, as
well as a breathtaking violation of legitimate
states’ rights.
Sens. Charles Schumer of New York and
Frank Lautenberg of New Jersey are leading
the fight to defeat the Thune amendment. We
fervently hope they succeed.
It was interesting to watch the Republican
Party lose touch with America. You had a
party led by conservative Southerners who
neither understood nor sympathized with
moderates or representatives from swing
districts.
They brought in pollsters to persuade their
members that the country was fervently be-
hind them. They were supported by their in-
terest groups and cheered on by their activ-
ists and the partisan press. They spent federal
money in an effort to buy support but ended up
disgusting the country instead.
It’s not that interesting to watch the Demo-
crats lose touch with America. That’s because
the plotline is exactly the same. The party is
led by insular liberals from big cities and the
coasts, who neither understand nor sympa-
thize with moderates. They have their own
media and activist cocoon, their own plans to
lavishly spend borrowed money to buy votes.
This overreach won’t be any more success-
ful than the last one. A Washington Post-ABC
News poll released Monday confirms that sup-
port for Democratic policies is sliding fast. In
March, only 32 percent of Americans thought
President Obama was an old-style, tax-and-
spend liberal. Now 43 percent do.
We’re only in the early stages of the liberal
suicide march, but there already have been
three phases. First, there was the stimu-
lus package. You would have thought that a
stimulus package would be designed to fight
unemployment and stimulate the economy
during a recession. But Congressional Demo-
crats used it as a pretext to pay for $787 billion
worth of pet programs with borrowed money.
Only 11 percent of the money will be spent by
the end of the fiscal year — a triumph of ideol-
ogy over pragmatism.
Then there is the budget. Instead of allaying
moderate anxieties about the deficits, the bud-
get is expected to increase the government
debt by $11 trillion between 2009 and 2019.
Finally, there is health care. The bills are
modeled on the Massachusetts health reform
law that is currently coming apart at the
seams precisely because it doesn’t control
costs. They do little to reward efficient provid-
ers and reform inefficient ones.
The House bill adds $239 billion to the fed-
eral deficit during the first 10 years alone, ac-
cording to the Congressional Budget Office. It
would pummel small businesses with an 8 per-
cent payroll penalty. It would jack America’s
top tax rate above those in Italy and France.
Top earners in New York and California would
be giving more than 55 percent of earnings to
one government entity or another.
Nancy Pelosi has lower approval ratings
than Sarah Palin. And yet Democrats have al-
lowed her policy values to carry the day. Who’s
going to stop this leftward surge? Months ago,
it seemed as if Obama would lead a center-left
coalition. Instead, he has deferred to the Old
Bulls on Capitol Hill on issue after issue.
sports Tuesday, July 21, 2009 8

As Watson Moves On, Cink Answers Doubts in brief

TURNBERRY, Scotland — For
all its beauty and innate fairness,
golf can be a cruel sport. Tom
Watson, who already knew this,
was reminded of it in the early-
evening chill on Sunday.
The 138th British Open was
over, and Stewart Cink held the
claret jug that nearly had — some
say should have had — Watson’s
name inscribed for the sixth time
in three decades.
What Watson, 59, did during
four days of inspiring play was
put on one of the best shows of his
long and illustrious career. Yes,
he had an 8-footer at the 72nd hole
that would have won it all, thereby
chasing down all the ghosts and
breaking numerous age-related
records. But the run ended badly.
He got up Monday morning and
headed south to Wentworth, Eng-
land, for this week’s British Se-
nior Open at Sunningdale, where
Vick Finishes Sentence, but Future Is Cloudy
Michael Vick, who served 18
months in a federal prison and an
additional two months in home
confinement for his role in a dog-
fighting operation, completed his
sentence Monday, making him
a free man. But Vick’s future,
wrapped up in whether he has
remorse for his actions, remains
murky.
Vick, a quarterback, is not eli-
gible to restart his football career
until he is reinstated by N.F.L.
Commissioner Roger Goodell.
Goodell, who had said that he
would consider Vick’s case after
the sentence was completed, has
not committed to a schedule for
he will no doubt be congratulated
by his peers for beating 154 of the
155 other golfers in the field.
“This would have been a great
memory,” he said on Sunday.
Then he smiled, and thought about
how his friend Jack Nicklaus has
memory lapses when he is asked
to recall losing the 1977 Duel in the
Sun at Turnberry. “Now it’s go-
ing to be like Jack,” Watson said.
“I’ll never remember what the
hell club I hit any time during the
whole tournament.”
For Stewart Cink, 36, the take-
away from Turnberry is entirely
positive. Despite some questions
about his role as the spoiler of one
of golf’s greatest stories — and
a headline in the Scottish Sun
tabloid that screamed “Stewart
Stink: Champ doesn’t care he
killed off dream” — Cink validat-
ed his place among golf’s major
champions in a number of ways.
making his decision.
Greg Aiello, an N.F.L. spokes-
man, said Monday: “The review
of Michael Vick’s status is ongo-
ing. We are providing no other
details right now.”
With training camps opening
next week, Vick’s chance to play
a meaningful role for a new team
will diminish as time passes, par-
ticularly because he has been
unable to work out fully while in
prison and in home confinement.
Goodell, who has established a
reputation for cracking down on
lawbreaking players, has said he
wants to see remorse from Vick.
In recent months, Goodell and
“In the end, you know, it’s a tour-
nament to see who lasts the lon-
gest,” he said. “It’s a survival test
out there, as you look at the score-
board, with the winning score
being 2. It’s a survival test, and I
don’t know what else to say.”
It was the perfect way to say
that he had no intention of losing
to a 59-year-old man in a four-hole
playoff, even if it was Tom Wat-
son, living legend and people’s
choice.
Cink was able to execute, under
the pressure of a major champion-
ship Sunday, the putting changes
he had recently implemented and
the mind-set he has been trying to
acquire to make that happen. His
work with Butch Harmon to rein-
force many of the things he knew
already, and to pick up some he
did not, has been a factor in the
transformation.
 LARRY DORMAN
Arthur Blank, the Atlanta Fal-
cons’ owner and Vick’s former
boss, have made it clear that they
hope Vick has broken ties with as-
sociates who they think were bad
influences. If Goodell is not satis-
fied when he meets Vick, he can
continue his suspension.
Vick has been out of football
for two years and even if he is
reinstated for all or part of the
2009 season, his options may be
limited. He is 29, young enough
for many productive seasons, but
he was becoming a less accurate
thrower as his career went on, and
few teams may be willing to take
him on as a starter.  (NYT)
Football in the Bronx
The Yankees said Notre
Dame and Army would play the
first football game at the new
stadium next year, reigniting
one of college football’s great
rivalries. The game, which is
scheduled for Nov. 20, 2010, will
most likely be the first of sever-
al football games a year at the
stadium. The last football game
at the old Yankee Stadium was
held in 1987 between Grambling
and Central State.  (NYT)
Timberwolves Trade
Minnesota forward Mark
Madsen was traded with Sebas-
tian Telfair and Craig Smith to
the Clippers for Quentin Rich-
ardson. The Timberwolves
made the deal to try to achieve
better roster balance while re-
taining salary-cap flexibility,
possibly with an eye on their top
draft pick, 18-year-old Ricky
Rubio. Rubio is faced with a
multimillion-dollar buyout of
his contract with Spain’s Joven-
tut. (AP)
Baseball — AL
SUNDAY’S LATE GAMES
Texas 5, Minnesota 3, 12 innings
MONDAY
Yankees 2, Baltimore 1
Texas 6, Boston 3
L.A. Angels at Kansas City, ppd., rain
Chicago White Sox 4, Tampa Bay 3
Baseball — NL
MONDAY
Philadelphia 10, Chicago Cubs 1
Mets 6, Washington 2
Atlanta 11, San Francisco 3
Houston 3, St. Louis 2

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partly cloudy,R-rain, S-sun, Sh-showers, Sn-snow, SS-
snow showers, T-thunderstorms, Tr-trace, W-windy.
U.S. CITIES
Yesterday Today Tomorrow
Atlanta 81/ 61 0 85/ 62 PC 85/ 66 PC
Albuquerque 96/ 71 0 89/ 70 PC 88/ 65 PC
Boise 89/ 59 0 100/ 64 S 101/ 66 S
Boston 76/ 64 0 69/ 64 R 82/ 65 PC
Buffalo 76/ 54 0 74/ 60 T 79/ 63 PC
Charlotte 83/ 64 0 85/ 65 Sh 89/ 65 PC
Chicago 76/ 55 0 80/ 60 PC 75/ 62 Sh
Cleveland 79/ 57 0 78/ 60 T 76/ 60 C
Dallas-Ft. Worth 86/ 76 0.01 94/ 74 PC 91/ 73 PC
Denver 86/ 59 0 84/ 57 PC 85/ 55 S
Detroit 79/ 59 0 76/ 62 T 77/ 63 T
Houston
Kansas City
93/ 78 0
81/ 63 0
95/ 77 PC 95/ 76 PC
76/ 62 C 83/ 60 PC
Los Angeles 88/ 70 0 86/ 68 S 84/ 67 S
Miami 91/ 75 0.79 90/ 77 T 88/ 78 T
Mpls.-St. Paul 82/ 57 0 78/ 65 T 81/ 61 PC
New York City 81/ 67 0 77/ 65 T 83/ 67 PC
Orlando 84/ 71 0.31 90/ 71 PC 88/ 73 T
Philadelphia 86/ 66 0 79/ 64 Sh 85/ 64 PC
Phoenix 109/ 91 0 111/ 90 S 109/ 89 S
Salt Lake City 93/ 72 0 95/ 67 S 97/ 69 S
San Francisco 65/ 55 0 71/ 55 PC 69/ 54 PC
Seattle 79/ 60 0 89/ 59 S 83/ 58 S
St. Louis 83/ 59 0 69/ 63 T 80/ 59 PC
Washington 83/ 70 0 81/ 68 PC 87/ 70 PC
FOREIGN CITIES
Yesterday Today Tomorrow
Acapulco 99/ 79 0 90/ 79 T 90/ 75 T
Athens 96/ 77 0 88/ 70 S 90/ 70 S
Beijing 95/ 77 0.20 95/ 77 PC 97/ 75 PC
Berlin 72/ 54 0.20 77/ 55 PC 88/ 64 T
Buenos Aires 61/ 48 Tr 54/ 48 R 50/ 43 PC
Cairo 97/ 79 0 100/ 77 S 100/ 79 S
Cape Town
Dublin
79/ 50
65/ 50
0
0.20
66/ 50 S
66/ 54 R
61/ 48 PC
64/ 54 PC
Geneva 82/ 55 0 86/ 66 PC 90/ 68 PC
Hong Kong 91/ 81 0.59 88/ 81 T 88/ 81 Sh
Kingston 91/ 81 0 88/ 77 R 88/ 79 R
Lima 66/ 62 Tr 72/ 61 S 72/ 59 PC
London 72/ 54 0.02 64/ 55 R 68/ 57 PC
Madrid 93/ 64 0 99/ 72 PC 91/ 72 PC
Mexico City 75/ 57 0.01 79/ 50 PC 77/ 50 Sh
Montreal 74/ 57 0.01 81/ 50 PC 81/ 59 C
Moscow 80/ 59 0 75/ 59 PC 72/ 55 S
Nassau 95/ 73 0.08 87/ 77 T 93/ 79 T
Paris 78/ 55 0 90/ 61 C 75/ 64 R
Prague 71/ 52 Tr 81/ 59 PC 90/ 70 PC
Rio de Janeiro 65/ 63 0.02 76/ 59 PC 81/ 63 S
Rome 82/ 59 0 86/ 64 S 88/ 66 S
Santiago 55/ 42 0 48/ 41 R 46/ 37 PC
Stockholm 70/ 55 – 68/ 55 PC 72/ 54 PC
Sydney 70/ 43 0 72/ 50 S 73/ 55 PC
Tokyo 86/ 79 Tr 82/ 72 R 86/ 77 T
Toronto 75/ 54 0 75/ 57 PC 73/ 63 Sh
Vancouver 70/ 57 0 80/ 61 S 81/ 57 S
Warsaw 72/ 54 0.17 72/ 55 PC 86/ 59 T
sports journal
The Unwelcome Mat Is Out for Beckham
CARSON, Calif. — David Beck-
ham has been hung in effigy out-
side a London pub, has had his
photograph printed with a bull’s-
eye around it in a British tabloid,
and has endured visits to stadi-
ums that roared with derogatory
chants about his wife.
None of it seemed to fluster
him.
At least not the way a 28-year-
old video-game technician did
Sunday night when he questioned
Beckham’s loyalties during an
exhibition between the Los An-
geles Galaxy and A.C. Milan, his
current and former — or is it fu-
ture? — clubs.
On his way off the field at half-
time, Beckham charged toward a
small pocket of Galaxy fans who,
feeling jilted over his desire to
move to Milan, had taunted him
with chants and signs, and booed
his every touch of the ball. Beck-
ham pointed a finger, shouted
several epithets and attempted
to climb over a signboard while
challenging a Galaxy fan, David
Martinous, to come down on the
field.
Martinous did not, but a man
sitting next to him, Josh Paige,
did. When Paige jumped down
about 8 feet, he was immediately
pinned to the ground by three se-
curity guards and escorted from
Behind Court Battle, Nascar’s Drug Policy Questioned
Nascar lagged well behind
other American professional
sports in establishing a formal
drug testing program. Only this
year, prompted in part by a truck
series driver’s heroin use, did the
auto racing authority begin test-
ing all drivers and crew mem-
bers.
Even before its season-opening
Daytona 500 Sprint Cup race, Na-
scar started naming names of
those attached to positive tests,
and it has suspended eight crew
members so far. But it was not
until May that there was a drug-
related suspension of a driver —
Jeremy Mayfield, a 17-year vet-
eran with five career wins in the
top-tier Cup series.
The case has become like a
multicar pileup at the speedway;
you can’t take your eyes off it.
The increasingly salacious ele-
ments of the story and the stigma
of the drug commonly referred to
as crystal meth have dominated
the stadium. Several more secu-
rity guards, A.C. Milan defender
Alessandro Nesta and Galaxy
midfielder Stefani Miglioranzi
pulled Beckham away as a fan
threw a white No. 23 Galaxy jer-
sey at him.
That such a scene played out not
in Rome or London or Barcelona,
caldrons of European soccer, but
outside Los Angeles — where the
atmosphere more often resem-
bles an echo chamber — left some
participants in disbelief.
“I’m flabbergasted,” Marti-
nous said later at a bar. “I’ve
spent three years trying to get
under the skin of players who are
nobodies, and I got under David
Beckham’s skin? Never in my
wildest dreams did I think he’d
lose his head like that.”
Paige, an independent film pro-
ducer, was issued a $55 ticket for
trespassing and released by the
police.
“It was surreal,” he said. “When
David Beckham calls you out,
you get on the field. In hindsight,
I wish I didn’t stoop to his level. I
wish I was the bigger man.”
These days, the stature of
Beckham is rapidly shrinking.
His highly publicized arrival
in 2007 was heralded as a boost
that would carry Major League
Soccer into the mainstream. But
the news and taken the focus
away from Nascar’s program,
which many specialists in the
field of drug testing have derided
as less than ideal.
While applauding the intent,
they say the plan lacks a full and
specific list of disallowed drugs,
fails to establish precise pen-
alties, does not have a formal
medical exception standard and
is without a clearly established
appeals or arbitration process.
Many of those elements are
playing out in the Mayfield case.
Known in Nascar circles more
for his outspokenness than rac-
ing success, Mayfield, 40, sued
the organization in May after he
was suspended for failing a drug
test. Nascar, which by practice
does not disclose the exact drug
detected, countersued. Mayfield
sought a temporary injunction to
restore his driving privileges, his
lawyers arguing in court that he
never used recreational drugs.
through decisions by the league,
the Galaxy and Beckham’s advis-
ers, some of which were chroni-
cled in a recently published book,
“The Beckham Experiment,” by
Grant Wahl of Sports Illustrated,
the train seems to have come off
the tracks.
Sunday night’s game, which
ended in a 2-2 tie, was typical. It
was brokered when the Galaxy
agreed to extend Beckham’s loan
to A.C. Milan last off-season to six
months, from three. As Galaxy
fans watched Beckham hug and
laugh with the Milan players, his
body language seemed to make it
clear where he would rather be.
Paige and Martinous are regu-
lars in a Galaxy fan club called
the L.A. Riot Squad, which has
developed a reputation for witty
if sometimes lewd chants. Gal-
axy Coach Bruce Arena and the
team’s captain, Landon Donovan,
saluted the group before Sunday’s
game, and other players paid vis-
its afterward.
It might have been that way
for Beckham, too. But when his
effort flagged noticeably in the
latter half of last year’s M.L.S.
season, and he then sought to
make his loan to A.C. Milan per-
manent, many Galaxy fans tuned
out or were turned off.
 BILLY WITZ
On July 1, a judge determined
that the chance of a false posi-
tive was “quite substantial” and
ruled in Mayfield’s favor, lifting
the suspension. That day, Nascar
confirmed published reports that
Mayfield had tested positive for
methamphetamine.
The case became messier last
week when Nascar said that
Mayfield, who had offered to be
retested, had failed a second test
for meth. Among the new result
and other papers filed by Nascar
to persuade the court to lift the
injunction was testimony from
Mayfield’s stepmother that she
had observed him ingesting the
drug some 30 times over seven
years.
In an interview with ESPN,
Mayfield cast his stepmother as
the person who “shot and killed
my dad.” (His father’s shooting
death in 2007 was ruled by a med-
ical examiner as self-inflicted.)
 MIKE TIERNEY
Tuesday, July 21, 2009 9
American League
East W L Pct GB
Boston 55 37 .598 —
Yankees 55 37 .598 —
Tampa Bay 51 42 .548 4{
Toronto 46 47 .495 9{
Baltimore 41 51 .446 14
Central W L Pct GB
Detroit 48 42 .533 —
Chicago 48 44 .522 1
Minnesota 47 45 .511 2
Kansas City 37 54 .407 11{
Cleveland 36 57 .387 13{
West W L Pct GB
Los Angeles 52 38 .578 —
Texas 50 41 .549 2{
Seattle 49 43 .533 4
Oakland 38 52 .422 14
National League
East W L Pct GB
Philadelphia 52 38 .578 —
Atlanta 47 46 .505 6{
Florida 46 47 .495 7{
Mets 44 48 .478 9
Washington 26 66 .283 27
Central W L Pct GB
St. Louis 51 43 .543 —
Chicago 47 44 .516 2{
Milwaukee 47 45 .511 3
Houston 46 46 .500 4
Cincinnati 44 47 .484 5{
Pittsburgh 40 51 .440 9{
West W L Pct GB
Los Angeles 58 34 .630 —
Colorado 50 42 .543 8
San Francisco 50 42 .543 8
Arizona 39 53 .424 19
San Diego 37 55 .402 21
Vote of Confidence
WASHINGTON — The good
news has come in small doses
for the Mets in this immensely
disappointing season. So when
General Manager Omar Mina-
ya was asked on Monday night
about the good news that had re-
cently been revealed about him,
he was initially stumped. “Good
news, like what?” Minaya said.
“What is the good news?”
The good news, at least for
Minaya and Manager Jerry
Manuel, is that Jeff Wilpon, the
chief operating officer, has told
both men in the last few weeks
that their jobs are safe this sea-
son. As the injury-ravaged Mets
began free-falling, Wilpon want-
ed to assure his general manag-
er and manager that they would
not be sacrificed.
Before the Mets defeated the
dreadful Washington Nationals,
6-2, on Monday, the Mets had
lost 14 of their last 20 games.
 (NYT)