STRUCTURAL

1 The procedures and limitations for the design of structures shall be determined by the following factors. Minimum number of stories recommended to be provided with at least 3 approved recording accelerographs. Maintenance and service of accelerographs shall be provided by the___. Who shall be responsible for keeping the actual live load below the allowable limits and shall be liable for any failure on the structure due to overloading. The period of continuous application of a given load or the aggregate of periods of intermittent application of the same load. Minimum area in square meters a member supports which the design live load may be reduced. Minimum height of any wall requiring structural design to resist loads onto which they are subjected. Maximum deflection of a brittle finished wall subjected to a load of 250 Pascal applied perpendicular to said wall. Maximum deflection of a flexible finished wall subjected to a load of 250 Pascal applied perpendicular to said wall. Maximum floor area for a low-cost housing unit. The level at which the earthquake motions are considered to be imparted to the structure or the level at which the structure, as a dynamic vibrator, is supported. A member or an element provided to transfer lateral forces from a portion of a structure to vertical elements of the lateral force resisting system. A horizontal or nearly horizontal system acting to transmit lateral forces to the vertical resisting elements, it includes horizontal bracing system. The total designed lateral force or shear at the base of a structure. An element at edge of opening or at perimeters of shear walls or diaphragm. An essentially vertical truss system of the concentric or eccentric type which is provided to resist lateral forces. An essentially complete space frame which provides supports for gravity loads. A combination of a Special or Intermediate Moment Resisting Space Frame and Shear Walls or Braced Frames. That form of braced frame where at least one end of each brace intersects a beam at a point away from the column girder joint. The entire assemblage at the intersection of the members. The horizontal member in a frame system, a beam. Zoning, site characteristics Occupancy, configuring structural system, and height 14 Owner Occupant of the building Load duration 14 sqm. 1.50 mts. 1/240 of wall span 1/120 of wall span 60 sqm. Base Collector Diaphragm Base Shear, V Boundary Element Braced Frame Building Frame System Dual System Eccentric Braced Frame (EBF) Joint Girder

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

36 37

38 39

40 41 42 43

An element of a diaphragm parallel to the applied load which collects and transfers diaphragm shear to vertical resisting elements or distributes loads within the diaphragm. Such members may take axial tension or compression. The boundary element of a diaphragm or a shear wall which is assumed to take axial stresses analogous to the flanges of a beam Those structures which are necessary for emergency post-earthquake operations. That part of the structural system assigned to resist lateral forces. Moment resisting space frame not meeting special detailing requirements for ductile behavior. The displacement of one level relative to the level above or below. The usable capacity of a structure or its members to resist loads within the deformation limits prescribed in this document. The lower rigid portion of a structure having a vertical combination of structural system. Horizontal truss system that serves the same function as a diaphragm. An assemblage of framing members designed to support gravity loads and resist lateral forces. A structural system without complete vertical load carrying space frame. This system provide support for gravity loads. Resistance to lateral load is provided by shear walls or braced frames. A structural system with essentially complete space frame providing support for gravity loads. Resistance to lateral load is provided by shear walls or braced frames. A structural system with an essentially complete space frame providing support for gravity loads. Moment resisting space frames provide resistance to lateral load primarily by flexural action of members. Is one in which the story strength is less than 80% of that of the story above. An elastic or inelastic dynamic analysis in which a mathematical model of the structure is subjected to a ground motion time history. The structure's time-dependant dynamic response to these motion is obtained through numerical integration of its equations of motions. The effects on the structure due to earthquake motions acting in directions other than parallel to the direction of resistance under consideration. The secondary effect on shears and moments of frame members induced by the vertical loads acting on the laterally displaced building frame. Material other than water, aggregate, or hydraulic cement, used as an ingredient of concrete and added to concrete before or during its mixing to modify its properties. Concrete that does not conform to definition of reinforced concrete.

Diaphragm Strut

Diaphragm Chord Essential facilities Lateral Force Resisting System Ordinary Moment Resisting Space Frame Story Drift Strength Platform Horizontal Bracing System Structure

Bearing Wall System

Building Frame System

Moment Resisting Frame System Weak Story

Time History Analysis

Orthogonal Effect P-delta Effect Admixture Plain Concrete

44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68

Upright compression member with a ratio of unsupported height to average least lateral dimension of less than three. Ratio of normal stress to corresponding strain for tensile or compressive stresses below proportional limit of material. In prestressed concrete, temporary force exerted by device that introduces tension into prestressing tendons. Length of embedded reinforcement provided beyond a critical section. Stress remaining in prestressing tendons after all losses have occurred, excluding effects of dead load and superimposed loads. Length of embedded reinforcement required to develop the design strength of reinforcement at a critical section. Friction resulting from bends or curves in the specified prestressing tendon profile. Concrete containing lightweight aggregate. prestressing tendon that is bonded to concrete either directly or through grouting. ASTM A36 High-Yield Strength Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate, Suitable for Welding. True or False, Bar larger than 32mm in diameter shall not be bundled in beams. Minimum concrete cover for a Prestressed concrete for beams and columns for primary reinforcements. In a material under tension or compression, the absolute value of the ratio of transverse strain to the corresponding longitudinal strain. In column, the ratio of its effective length to its least radius of gyration. A quantity which measures the resistance of the mass to being revolved about a line. A type of concrete floor which has no beam. The tendency for one part of a beam to move vertically with respect to an adjacent part. A change in shape of a material when subjected to the action of force. The maximum value of tension, compression, or shear respectively the material sustain without failure. It means that by which a body develops internal resistance to 'stress'. The greatest stress which a material is capable of developing without permanent deformation remaining upon the complete release of stress. Intensity of force per unit area. Loop of reinforcing bar or wire enclosing longitudinal reinforcement. The measure of stiffness of a material. The failure in a base when a heavily loaded column strikes a hole through it.

Pedestal Modulus of Elasticity Jacking Force Embedment Length Effective Prestress Development Length Curvature Friction Structural Lightweight Concrete Bonded Tendon Structural Steel ASTM A514 TRUE 40 mm Poisson's Ratio Slenderness Ratio Torsion Flat Slab Shear Deformation Yielding Stress Stress Allowable Stress Stress Tie / Stirrup Stiffness Ratio Punching Shear

69 70 71 72

73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84

85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94

The deformation of a structural member as a result of loads acting on it. Nominal thickness of of a timber. The sum of forces in the othorgonal directions and the sum of all moments about any points are zero. The complete records of tests conducted (slump, compression test, etc.) shall be preserved and made available for inspection during the progress of construction and after completion of the project for a period of not less than. Wood board should have a thickness specification of. The distance from the first to the last riser of a stair flight. A high-speed rotary shaping had power tool used to make smooth cutting and curving on solid wood. The major horizontal supporting member of the floor system. Wood defects are: heart shake, cup shake, star shake, and___. Dressed lumber is referred to ___. The other kind of handsaw other than rip-cut saw. It refers to the occupancy load which is either partially or fully in place or may not be present at all. The distance between inflection points in the column when it breaks. The amount of space measured in cubic units. In the formula e=PL/AE, E stands for___. An expansion joint of adjacent parts of a structure to permit expected movements between them. the total of all tread widths in a stair. The force adhesion per unit area of contact between two bonded surfaces. A structural member spanning from truss to truss or supporting a rafter. Size of camber for a 25 meters steel truss. A connector such as a welded strut, spiral bar, or short length of channel which resists horizontal shear between elements. The force per unit area of cross section which tends to produce shear. Size of camber for a 25 meters steel truss. The law that relates the linear relationship between stresses and strains Minimum spacing of Bolts in timber connectionn measured from center of bolts parallel for parallel to grain loading is equal to ___. According to the provisions of the NSCP on timber connections and fastenings, the lodaed edge distance for perpendicular to grain loading shall be at least ___. NSCP specifies spacing between rows of bolts for perpendicular to grain loading shall be

Deflection 6 inches Equilibrium

2 years not less than 1"X4" Run Portable Hand router Girder Knots Smoothed or planed lumber Cross-cut saw Live load Effective length Volume Modulus of Elasticity Contraction joint Total run Bond Stress Purlin Size of Dead Load Defelection Shear Connector Shear Stress / Shearing Stress Size of Dead Load Defelection Hook's Law 4 X diameter of bolt 4 X diameter of bolt 2.5

95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113

at least ___ times bolt diameter for L/d ratio of 2. Minimum diameter of bolts to be used in timber connections and fastening in accordance with NSCP specifications. Simple solid timber columns have slenderness ratio not exceeding ___. Nails or spikes for which the wire gauges or lengths not set forth in the NSCP specifications shall have a required penetration of not less than ___. Notches in sawn lumber bending members in accordance with the NSCP specifications shall not exceed. Notches in sawn lumber shall not be located in the ___. Notches in the top and bottom of joists shall not exceed ___. Allowable stresses for tension in structural steel in terms of gross area. Allowable tensile stress of structural steel based on effective area. Allowable stress for tension on pin connected members based on net area. Allowable shear stress on structural steel on the cross sectional area effective in resisting shear. For structures carrying live loads which induce impact, the assumed live load shall be increased sufficiently to provide for same, for supports of elevators the increase shall be. The slenderness ratio of compression members shall not exceed ___. The slenderness ratio main members in tension shall not exceed ___. Concrete cover for pipes, conduits, and fittings shall not be less than ___ for concrete exposed to earth or weather. Concrete cover for pipes, conduits, and fittings shall not be less than ___ for concrete not exposed to earth or weather. Curing of concrete (other than high-early strength) shall be maintained above 10C and in moist condition for at least the first ___ days after placement. If concrete in structure will dry under service conditions, cores shall be air-dried for ___ days before test and shall be tested dry. Curing for high-early strength concrete shall be maintained above 10C and in moist condition for at least the ___ days after palcement. The minimum clear spacing between parallel bars in layer shall be db (diameter of bar) but not less than ___. Standard hooks used in reinforced concrete beam shall mean.

12 mm 50 11 diameters 1/6 depth of member Middle Third Span 1/4 the depth 0.60 of specified min. yield stress 0.50 of specified minimum tensile strength 0.45 Fy 0.40 Fy 100% 200 240 40 mm 20 mm 7 7 3 25 mm 180 bend + 4db extension but not less than 65mm at free end of bar 90 bend + 6db extension

114 115 Standard hooks for stirrups and tie hooks 16mm bar and smaller.

116 117 118 119 120 121 122

Standard hooks for stirrups and tie hooks 20-25mmbar. Allowable tolerance on minimum concrete cover for depths greater than 200mm Allowable tolerance for longitudinal location of bends and ends of reinforcement. Individual bars with a bundle terminated within the span of flexural members shall teminate at different points with a stagger of at least ___. Clear distance between pre-tensioning tendons at each end of member shall not be less than ___ for strands. Clear distance between pre-tensioning tendons at each end of member shall not be less than ___ for wire. Minimum concrete cover provided for reinforcement of cast in place against permanently exposed to earth or weather using bars larger than 36mm.

at free end 90 bend + 12db extension at free end 12 mm 50 mm 40db 3db 4db 75 mm

1 2 < 24" or 600mm < 80% < 70 % 0.2 0.4 1.25 1 500 kg/m3 1/12 of span 1/16 of span > 14 sqm 1000 Mpa 7200 Mpa 0.003 300 mm 1100 kg/m3 2400 kg 300-600mm 12mm wide,1/5 thickness of slab

seismic zone: palawan, batanes, tawi-tawi, sulu seismic zone: most severe; other parts of the country pile diameter weak story: strength is less than _ of the strength of story above soft story: story whose lateral stiffness is less than _ of the one above seismic zone factor for zone 1 seismic zone factor for zone 2 occupancy importance factor for essential & hazardous facilities occupancy importance factor for special & standard occupancy structures retaining walls must be designed for a pressure equivalent to that of a fluid weighing not less than _ & depth=retained earth depth of precast concrete beams & girders for heavy loading depth of precast concrete beams & girders for light loading; precast beam design live load may be reduced on any member supporting more than _ floors with changing partitions must be designed to support a uniformly distributed load equal to _ walkway during construction shall be capable of supporting a uniform live load of _ max usable strain at extreme concrete compression fiber minimum concrete cast below top bars loose weight of lightweight aggregates weight of 1 cubic meter of concrete diameter of tremie control joint