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Word-Formation Prefixation
Word-Formation Prefixation
Negative prefixes: unmeaning the opposite of not examples unfair uncomforta ble unconsciou s uncountabl e uneconomic untruthful non-smoker nonsense non-British non-stick unborn unemploye d unfortunate unhappy ungrateful unwell non-stop nonstandard nonmember non-starter unamussing unhealthy unkind unlucky unpleasant unusual unexpected unnecessar y unofficial unprofessio nal unreasonab le untidy nonnonpayment proliferation nonnonaggression intervention non-aligned nonconform nonist combatant indefinite insignificant indirect intolerable inexcusable invisible insecure insensitive inseparable
non-
not
in-
inattentive incapable inconvenien t incorrect incredible indecisive impersonal impolite irregular irreparable
im-
improbable
ir-
ildis-
Reversative or privative prefixes: unmeaning to reverse action to deprive of to reverse action to reverse action to deprive of examples untie uncover defrost depopulate disconnect unhorse unearth undo unseat unblock
de-
deport
dis-
Pejorative prefixes: mismeaning wrongly away from the right path or way examples misinform misspelt mistake mistimed misconduct misquote misbehavio ur misjudgem ent misleading misfortune miscalculati on mischance misunderst and misdirect mislead misreprese nt malodorous
malpseudo-
Prefixes of degree or size: archsupermeaning highest worst above more than better examples archduke arch-enemy superhuma n outdoors outlaw
out-
sursubover-
etc# than $ outside over and above lower than less than too much
outshine surtax subhuman overeat oversimplify overproduce surpass substandar d overdresse d overambitious
overconfide nt overanxiety
under-
too little
hyperultra-
extremely extremely beyond little large long lower" at or towards the bottom or end % lower or worse part higher" at or towards the top or beginning % the higher or better part out of place or upsidedown
minimaxidown-
mini skirt maxi-skirt downhearte downright d downtown downtrodde n upgrade uphill upsetting uptown downstairs downriver downpour
up-
up-to-date uptight
upriver upmarket
Prefixes of attitude: comeaning with" joint examples co-operate co-pilot coincide co-star communic ate cohere coexist coalition co-writer
counter- in opposition to counteract counterrevolution contraantiagainst against contradict contraband antimissile antiseptic antisocial anticyclone contracepti contravene ve anticlockwise antifree&e antidote antibiotic
pro-
on the side of
Locative prefixes* submeaning beneath" lesser in rank examples subway submarine subconscio sublet us subcontract interaction subdue
inter-
between" among internation intermarry al interchange across" from one transatlanti transplant place to another c
interplanetary
trans-
transpolar
Prefixes of time and order* foremeaning before examples foretell foresee forecast foreknowled foreshadow forewarn ge forename foreground forearm forehead predict precede premarital post meridiem posthumou s prefix pre-pay
pre-
before
pre-war premature pre-arrange prejudice precaution preference post-war postpone postscript postclassical postmortem
post-
after
postdated postgraduate
ex-
ex-husband ex-wife extension exex-member extrovert president rebuild re-evaluate recondition reorganise rewrite redo
extradite
re-
Number prefixes* unimonomeaning one examples unilateral uniform monotheis m monopoly one one-way one-sided singleminded two bilingual bicycle dipole dilemma duel unisex unique unit union
monorail monochrom monotonou monolingua e s l one-time one-off singlehanded binoculars bigamy dichotomy duet one-eyed singleparent bilateral divide bifocals dialogue one-legged
onesinglebididudoubleambitwintwotri-
double-bed double-bass doublecheck ambiguous twin-bed two-faced three tripartite ambivalent twin-set two-seater trio ambidextro us twinheadlights two-time triplets two-piece tripod
triangle multimany
tricycle
triplicate
trinity
poly-
many
ther prefixes* adcomautoneopanprotosemivicehomosymsimsynselfauto meaning examples towards" change advance into addition together with combine combat self new" revived all" world-wide first" original half deputy same autobiogra phy neo-+othic pan-,frican prototype semicircle vicepresident homogeneo homeopath us y symbol similar symmetry homosexual sympathy simile symptom additive commune adventure combinatio n adapt communist
neoclassical
neologism
)uffixation
Noun noun suffixes* meaning examples occupational person engaged gangster -ster in an occupation or activity musician -ian librarian -eer -er varied meanings! engineer teenager -ondoner banker lawyer
politician
diminutive or feminine small -let unimportant small" compact -ette imitation material! female -ess -y -ie female diminutive diminutive
booklet kichenette flannelette usherette waitress actress daddy auntie boyhood neighbourh ood friendship relationship kingdom monarchy democracy diplomacy
piglet statuette
suffragette hostess princess manageress nappy birdie granny budgie duchess aunty doggie nationhood sportmansh ip freedom anarchy obstinacy machinery
status! domain status -hood -ship -dom -archy -acy -"e#ry status condition domain condition domain status condition
motherhood priesthood manhood dictatorship censorship ownership stardom heirarchy supremacy refinery wisdom oligarchy autocracy nunnery
of activity or residence" collectivity other the substance of panelling -ing which $ is composed the amount mouthful -ful which $ contains like $" spheroid -oid resembling $ humanoid Noun $ adjective noun $ adjective suffixes* -ite -"i#an -ese -ist meaning member of community faction % type nationality pertaining to $ nationality member of a party occupation attitude political movement examples .sraelite socialite Parlamenta 'hristian rian Burmese violinist pianist journalist -ebanese monarchist psychiatrist economist racism
android
asteroid
cuboid
.ndonesian republican ,rgentinian 'hinese socialist communist artist idealism )udanese fascist Buddhist tourist
-ism
communism (arxism
%erb noun suffixes* -er meaning agentive and instrumental profession or role examples driver swimmer actor inspector president inhabitant assistant receiver climber processor editor resident writer grocer
-or
sailor bachelor
-ent -ant
accountant
-ee -ation
employee exploration organisatio n ama&ement argument amusement embarrass ment refusal denial dismissal building agreement announcem appointmen ent t developme nt withdrawal proposal
-ment
-al -ing -age -ion -tion -sion -ssion version -ation -ition -ption
action
activity driving result of activity drainage abstract discussion obligation explosion permission conversion alteration
confession regulation decision procession perversion exploration hesitation prohibition persuasion succession admission
&djective noun suffixes: -ness state quality happiness shyness kindness likeness sadness silliness usefulness greatness business
-ity
sanity equality anxiety society honesty jealousy from /able! from /ible! probability visibility
majority
vanity
-iety -y
gaiety harmony
notoriety tragedy
-ability -ibility
capability credibility
-ence
violence absence
silence
innocence
conference
%erb suffixes* -ify -ise meaning causative causative examples simplify electrify popularise apologise horrify identify criticise organise justify simplify
sympathise recognise
-en
causative become $
-ate
Noun adjective suffixes* -ful meaning having $ giving $ examples useful playful faithful childless aimless cowardly lively childlike businesslik e like $ covered with $ belonging to $ having the character of in the tradition of $ able to resist $ across the $ creamy foggy 0urkish )panish 1arwinian waterproof worldwide helpful grateful skilful lifeless pointless motherly homely lifelike godlike hairy healthy foolish snobbish 2ictorian bulletproof nationwide wonderful careful beautiful speechless reckless friendly leisurely workmanlik e warlike sandy greasy childish foggy windy selfish helpful hopeful
-less
without $
-ly
-li'e
-y
-ish
&djective suffixes*
examples criminal editorial musical heroic domestic attractive affirmative sensitive virtuous courteous
logical economical
magnetic
explosive destructive assertive administrati responsive supportive ve preventive manipulativ intensive e enormous gorgeous religious vivacious serious
compulsory accusatory revolutiona contempora illusory conciliatory ry ry reactionary adequate passionate dependent intelligent able worthy to be $ ed readable admirable avoidable capable desirable memorable youngish oldish balconied separate vertebrate affectionate
-ate
-ent
magnificen patient t forcible convertible divisible edible flexible horrible fattish quietish intelligible legible possible responsible terible
-able -ible
-ish
somewhat $
darkish reddish
twentyish thirtyish
-ed
having $
backward s! clockwise
-style -fashion
in the manner of crabwise weather$ wise as far as $ is concerned in the manner % ,mericanstyle of style