Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Evidence Notes
Evidence Notes
nrobon
_* *_r':r4ru_:g_$t=J'ggl!g
*
mi.ons-sonctioncd. bg
' _,
foctr
, _r;:_-
DC
Knowle4qa
ip,Ss
inlormotion gor
pnf
irir ptp.iii
tromicida ,': ,,
ah
*if
rulcs
ts fnf
fh r, rcf inar4Of
Aomi(,i d r,
not
pfopcrlg
otlegod
r0gollotiOns
ffotion to dismiss')
4 orrotgnment
ic
o q uostion ol focti
wng
- -. judgnrent "the ' plc0dings (nulo lt) on (Cose: hnrrnrrus defendorrf rile.c crn onsmrc]r v,vlc odm ile moho$l th c ollogolion s
suPpose dclendont denies rhe 0llegoti0n
'
, ''.':
,,mstr!4ers,.,
.-
CrJpitol offepse
lt?;aring.(inguir:g)1,. ,.
:
ln hie onsWcr
o"f matters
substohoe
prc triol
rnon
crlmc
probondum
stiprrlotions of
triol
_?
'r
anRc.
-.
- uttimoto
td0rs
nccd-
evidentiorg
*."Inr., .r"n in
g$-bc,in signcd
Juo'1';'J,'1T;t:::
op-provcd"ug court
arfn,,,t
heq|rng
o"-filnllllrll9l
p*."n,o .uir,r..r tn
F,.n,,o
*,'ro.
Rr4r,R
0n p.vicrp4oe
*nou"'oti
!xocss 0{
ono sidcd
f .lllnlrlRl
NoTtcF
,,?oll'ni*,,linln'J
il'$9nfrflt
i, n.",,,.r,n*r. j,,n,.,',
no heoring
nn'i...,orrr,',
'
thO
16'. I
ann ihc. cnurt tokn _rildtclnl notife, nf pxistehoe nr non exlstsl4co o1 locts? 1rs.
oflt 1 I
p161,166
mondolori iudiciol
- oyi<tDnra
notico
Frtphl Af ttf,lca ond synbols o1 notionolit
n6d tcrFt+nil^l
-tow of notions
if
rhore
is o focium Probandunl
-officiol
-
divisi ons
qovgrn tfne
course
(ser
),"^.-, ^.-
...
-_r^-
---*
flFnding,s vs.
irrlrinrbr/ircdnf ro{s
- unqu0sriqngpi?
-
qglronst'r0ti0fi
*,-
Judr6l0i funollons
li
rnon d otcrY 1u dtc rql rroti li'
cf
n0
?,
." 1t :
h0f,/lrlrnvn0ommnnlnw?'i
,,-::.':;1,
:,,-:..':
l-:-.
r"'..
r'
,' .,'
, '
'
unwritten lows dorivcd ffom drnisions of thc higbf,sl rnufis.of tho rnr,ntry
0ccspt cd- hY thcir inhobitonts
_!:
,JrlDll'lAl
ADt'rltssrotrl
pr0ccodtngg
- v*bol or wriltoil,
docu m
enls
thc
court
'
bppalont6
bricl
(?ule
44')
'Qfi ,efr:iiorori
.''j r''.,,. i-l
UP
fa $rsr
&U
EvtDrxcr
p,uLI
LL, I3L
QMf,lTh
oat4on
6j
c/O CU
rn-nr"t t
lo, l3
OIa./<,
a/A tI4o'5.
47
c6
l r-?ntde,ruoo
a^i
JAiat J.uiriqauu
?
*
to
9r,t*d",,o
the
e
Ob
ce
Axioms of Admrssrbtlrl/
( 'ox
Saxiom
torn
of cnmpetencA 0f fglevOncq-n0n0
//
ol
hovtnq f0tiO/l0l proboiive vdtuc oro odmistiblc ur{ioss sPecrtrcally cxcldded by rhc rulo
F0cts
t
ObJost Evidenoe
. oddressed
senses
jeCl
of tne courf
qcc 10 wrgrnoro
"
need
pr
testtmorlbl evrdence
trr
siotcd tn rolotion to Coll0lerql moflsfs retqtion Iof evidence] to fh e (acl in issue os ro indurce beliel 'rn ils existencs or non existerc0
:
rol
ev0nl
uS vs"
colt
Tegrodo
- exporiment
Poople, ve" ArQ
exorrplo o{iftelevor,rt svtdsnc0 tnformotion for homicide, occused plcods not gutlty qctum probandum - whothcr or not h0 commtiled f
homicias
c0nverl
bgcome
it
rnto
relevqnt
Col{olerol m0lier
so
thol it
People
could
v9
fl:'.T:g?l:rT''"d*t
zlLretrosPeclant (
sl'loB0guent
Documentorq Evidenco
J
4n1!cedenf
Concomilont
6ub6eluenl
ut,
becawsd
DDA
fruit of tho
poisotious treo
t I
dire
de
rn
eVl0enCe
?
ls ii
0r pr0surnPti
on
voluo is protsctec/
/{DD E.coMMERcE
D0cY
6Y1P
LAW
proposttt0rl
'
I
0n 0dditi0il
Muttiple. Admissibititg - odrnissibls for t or more thers rs rnore thqn one proOondufn?
Cond
purposos
jilonot
Ad rnrssrbilit!
JuN
3o
10 Prcsenl
(ii
d0cu
L,
of
ndokor
wtlt thc bcst evid rul0 b0 opPlicoblc? qclion is bosod 0n 6 written deod of solo buyer 1,rlcs c0mpl0int lo camPol tlle sellor 10 surrencicr tho dtcd
hos sesn the person wrile hos seen writing purp0rting t0 bo hls ond hos ih us 0cqutred knowlodq 0 0f thg / " hondwrrrrng / conrporrsorr by the witltcss 0r the c6urt \\
:
Besl Evidence Rule whell tho sublecl of the tnqurr1ls the coNIENTS 91 q document, no ovidencc Ehoil bc odmisstblo other thon rh0 ori9in0l docufli!nt ttself,
qsk
-0r0 rl?ose 0[ the p0rlre s tn ihe daoument -'for',rilior' wirh rhe signoluros
(+heir rnorrytedge)
t. L
3.
txcoPl: originol
origrnor,rs
bccn lost, dcstrogcd or connot bo proctuced ln .hos court, wf out bod ;ririh on vho pOfi of rhe 0fferor
custody 0r 00ntr0l 0f rhe p0riy 0g0inst wh0fl1 rhe evid rs offsrsd, ond the totter 1oi1s io pr0clucg it 06 0
,rhe
r
if
"
rn
-will
rcsul
writlen
ir1
English
or
riliPinD
2 c0r1t0lns oltcfoll0ris
0r|9il40t c0nststs 0f numoroils cJccour4t6 wlg c0nn0t b0 e'xonined wlorlt 9rcOf t0ss 0f i[?1e and tno f00t sought io bo estobtishcd is only tho qonetal rasuft
orig
rn
expens, irtsrprstcr,r
ol
rs a public
re
cord
lyi
tl4
illsr0
dy 0f q
pUblio
ff rcor
f t
qtlach o copy 0f the deod 0l s0i0 to the
c'omp loit4l
wlc
it
no
profuoniuna ggi
deed?
rUlc 8, sec.
ocli0n0bl0 docs
lhe
n4ust spocificqlly
genvineness ond
dus
exscLfttan
deed of solo rn possession 0i plointiff hos boon l0sl - Can ne, g\uo teoondarY ovld ?
musl pr0ve t16 ex!cuti014 0t pr0ve contsxls bu 00PU
P'Kislan1e
of evid (origrnol)
if
onry
c,tlsfOdU
0r c0ntr0l 0f the
docs vs.
privole
doCs
whot
of
10 produce
tl)
"
ts
iqst wilts a
I rute 0f
ex
t,on
J'
nOw'rc60rr'to FOLLOW ,. 3.
I. by
copy re citol o{ conrcnls itr somo
clusion of
o
L\erod thsr^n
notorrLed decd of sOle , is there o need lo oulhenliooto? n0
(
sscond
rY
evidtrice ]
aLttn,Ntc
d0 c
testrrrl0r,rY 0f witn06s
noLarrred deed
lho official
i,oslom^ut
1140f!
r,.tigs
fp1"
notortrotiott 0ra
stri0t
civil code
Rule 75,
' Roc:
proved
oilowod
JnV"ao6rw*,t,
of
f,&d;d.t
ft,c't/,
ond hos
decie
ion k rsndered bocorno (ivtal qn6 executorV con wo discredit Tha ludgment?
consequenco
0l
tha, ffipsachmant
how
Pr00l o f
,i[fft,!t'lfdu r
''''! iflli\*
I
(rub
4]
<:iii,:r',!,'r"::r:;:f'
by
exfrrustc
*e
meaniitgol
lraud me utmmll
ooto?
G monihs'fron ontr!
petition for
HABgAS C0Rpus
-in
lrol
rn Specictl ProOeedings; 0r
REOPENIN6
Rt/.Lr
ln
srmrl0r
ffi
rem pr\aeadiAgs
41, 4 no morc
oPPt
oriote 'tornodg
Llectronic \ocumont
irtpo or repr6ssnl0ti0n of it4[o . '
.
66911
ts
ongrnol or 0 c0pu?
evidence thot
offiont
-if
0f
offidovit
0r0s$ syqrn'rn0tl011
MCC
vs.
, ct
Ssang1ong
drs
PARO
Juty
'1,
2.o1't-
tril*ru
\ \
been reduce
or,,fl
l*J
is considilcd upotl ond tornlC oqreed ooreed upon 0nc rc cnnroinino nn thB thc tornti os contoininq 0lt porttos ond thcto con b'o. thilo 0nd thelr t b-o bet tht' portr0S 6ucccs6ors In interesf, no evidence 0i sljfifrrn . terfls othcr th}n tht c,onlcnis qtneAqtcencnt
p 0r1q moq pre sent rvidence t0 nrodifU, exploin'or crdd to thc lerrns 0f th 0 written"o0rc'cmefli, if he purs In lssuc ln his
d to writino,"it
object
Howevcr, 0
ffianner, h0w
uS v.
G
GPogorlO
66 proof bellond
rcosonob{o dorlbt
cr
plto dirlg
'
tntrrrlsiC
of
l01ent ovYIbigt/lty
c. voliditt4
d.
of wrillen oqtcement
tio n
extsten"ce
eX e cl/
'ogreemenl
'
rncludos will
- qll
sec be;ore
Adnrtssto14
c.onfs,sstOf.l
pl e0
dings in
deed
g civil cction d
Rulo
ex.
of sole
utf im0te
rocts
cqm do c6pp6rc
constoi"
to delivor o determinale lhing controol 0f sole \l not delermmed: caplble of benTdelermined w/out rew or r urt1ler o9rccmenl
tnstruncni
'
icitirirornioi or d0cum0nt0rq wnlcn wtll vqrU 0r 0rt0r rho t0rms 0f ihg 0gioemeni suoj0ct rnoltor of tnc qction '
nnu,locurneni, whethor
e witts?
will
D
NA
EVidence
f
probor,rs
prob0n$
tilf,li[;
Wncil is th! evidentiory weighi /, lcss gg.g /. ;corroboretivo evidence ln ?olernitU / f iliolion t aga.9 /. or higrrsr : drsputrr;:rv prosumption of polerniiU post C0nviCti0p DNA testing { frls Hqbsors 00rpr1s - even i{ cortvicted and slagmgm jail
period for rew irial, recln,
lppe\l
15 cloys
rh
Uos
9en
rule: Judgmeni
Ju[y
14, LotZ
Evidence
b2r^*u-
Testifioniot
Can
sp0us0l
lmnurlity
'rololtvo
prrvrtegod comfttuntcotion
conflict + if relevont cnd conrpctonf, wilh d0 cuft10ntar1 cvidcnce ? sh0uld bc odmillcd 0dnrssibililg or f0r s,o1aprl6asy
bo odrnirtod if il rs in
il
(nrorirol lrn nl urlllt4 (nrorilol (frof ilol dt6q rl immunil^{ 6pousol dr dis uqlificolion conirdentrvl com dr,rrrng rnd tr iogel
tJ rliff
rqlel 'Scc
?2
noi confldcnti0l
a10U
*nor ,r-ul:l:1^orl
(
co
pQro{ evidenc0 w
t
rutc?
0r
whelhcr rrsnrnoni0l or
if
sor soid
t10
'1i14
wlitrng t0 tost
t ei r,,n oirirL,, do cu m
y t r',f..tf #;1li1t{#',",L:tli
-,
tnr
oction
if in conflict wirh
(o6,Lrag^tory evidcnoc
?r
0tiOli{icoti0ns
r
0f
wr
'5cC 2? ( spousol
irnmunltYJ
rvid rulo
ilokc known
u0s
tngsscs f L
ln 0qry/c0sc,, con th0 pl0lntlff 00mpcl dcfendonl r0 tgstlf$t c(fl dcfend0nr c0mprl ptqinrifr?
. /..\ -'
P0rCriving,
Con
Dooo Mons
sr'.,0
t['jT,[[:*i,1ltiTffi'.'.i,Tiils:ii'J
on1j mctter
p0rttj
U0s
gcs
linil0lion
re
fusc,
fi0U
110t be
ooflpgtonl
cornpotred
fo
orlu
borrowcr' le,nde'r. borrovrrer dios c|mpl\mt fof (ut?l 0t fi0ytcJ (unpoid loon) docs N0T disruiss tho co$c
I substiruto
111q1.
+ disguorirrcs
\^rrlne
ss frorn tt,slifytng
0'4{y
04
OertOtn dObtS
rn0ttcrs occurfirtg b0f0t'0 ilc dc0lh cXccpf: c,qn leslif) 0n qcts of froUd corrrrnittod by tho do[endont deccosod
(0rtg
$#'/
"" "'
1
provided
nlis
tto
lCClrd
--
otuo,;UoltJl[,,:oo,ttr
'
0f
oth cr,t
vs.
Unosigon
if
r<or qssoilod
roLiOncCgssorrtS, 00ss0t tpS0 leX when thc rooson roruho tow oco$cs, rhs tqw itsclf ceosos
,,nech0risms
(ir,r eromtnotiorr)
0th0r exompl0s
of privilcqod
c0nmunicoli0vl
AoR
low
dep0sltlon bo nkon
in oouri ?
txos
rns
tecid
Rcgoto
vs.
Soridigonbogori
shoutld
Chili
ct$51s6
sircld rttte
pr
INADMISSIBLE: evidence to
t,xc,eptions: (3)
lr otfior
6eXLlol
u ,rf fr
EXCEpI: evidenoe to prOv0 rh0t Othcr pErson v\Jos rn0 60urc0 0f tno sonon 0r InJuru
4L % ^ANd'1ri6vu
J LaLllu'taw
tobe, a
bW^!.
bLatuatul
dae^p,qo rt{
un auuatd
&cfr
unlw"tt
Juty z1 201z
Privilegcd Communi cotion
rop0 coso:
offer is nrodo bI ntnong of ihc clccuscd 10 the viclittt -a N0I on rrrplred qdrnrssl0n of guilt
bcc
'clltU.client
il
p0ticn
ir
tl,ts inter
Znd
srorements gruen bg ihD p0sr.or'ln r0sp0ns0 t0 th0 conle6s0r - oro privltegod? gOs
d00s ihe lowL{or h0v0 to b0 0 n4offbor
p
1st pqrt
acto alteri
Sec 28
Pott;
6sc 34
hit. bqi?
0l
rho
moritol Prlvltoq0
'
n'o'*j',',0:n
inform0iiol4
:f
: ?
givcn
in
conf iden09
Lonfsssor tcils pctstor - to divorcs Posi0r tells th! wiflg t0 tivs t0gsth0r, n4oUbo h0ve clrlother child wif e sqlJs 'hod r retiscl 60lely on husborrd, I would nof
(wif
e)
rs crtmrnol liobitif
y
Sornorio
6nod,9ofrqtlt0lLRu
6
novs hod children" cor th e pqstor rgstiiU in q cqse lor rhe wile 6 nf ftoltl!?
no
lr, -
ii
otl, errili
ite,
w
di6couroges l"elP 9
Colored
vtA-nl--i]utLT rt
Ple0
tkd rqwlL
A DMlsst0NS
-No:--s-qmi[$&]-sJ.
lar
ungec ep t ed
-$u$-W:':
].djgl1.qe
thc
Oct, dcclorotl0n
foct
rn
or odrniselon of 0 PqrtU
Qs
to o
H
rOle
vonf
of
9ur
lt -durlng
or
rol9nm c/ll
AGATNsT
lM
"
,,?[tJ*',r:itJt9
OdmissiOns
-0rss$ving
"
just o
tenOnt
toll lho court ihof his ploo 0f gulll ls rrnPr.ovidcrl' low rcqurros o6slslonto or lowYor ln art oignment ( rrlwnV s )
ert rlj.
q involvirg
iitlo
PlornJif
tho
/' L
iu it qdmi6siblo in eviclgft 0e ro
decf
orqtion mode
ucu
br3
cnd (nodr"niestblc
in evidenc!:
provo (withdt0wn quirtu) oocused? oi No the gurlt ' g!fu+urti4-P&s-bis. Pcrt d ono
b
pleo 0f
c0JrllAtr.U_40f_ru,f.epilIs._qtAllt
rccord5 iL
rf mode jn
"
0 comp(oirt
ihot
d*\or'
cl1tm durtn.q
t0the
"whycn qdfftssjon
? -
rr is odnrrssiblc
iir svidence
'
(,
'omendment 10 conf
o n
r,fl
to
evidenc0
r,g 0t
i0ns
Ser,tion g4
PrTpensitY
rulA (fnd
bronC.lt
0f
of
fcr
d_lpg.p,r-0-mrs.9
0c1
of pilnclpql
Will th0 act Af th, partner b$d tno wny woulci fho ocl of poflnof brnd rhu ocls or Pz , ?3 I p4?
.l
portnership'
r0nifo0l 0f pdrtnorshrP
pnn0lptc
of
"rnutuoi aganca,'
Reod up
t0
encl
of Heorsog 1
excepttons
July ZB LotZ
Ros lnter Alios Aclo Rule
5141E ryrlN tSS' otty pcrso( wh0 t 0rf tcrp0le d ln tli0 c0 fl1n1ls$10fl 0f o crrmo'i dcslrgs t0 bc 0 wifnrss f 0r
rhc
l.
ftlrisr e xeCLlle
- m0rncr
fvCls
sfot0,
c011
opply 0nd
if qu0lificd,
be os
- his ?orilCtl]qtlori
2. exOnlrnocl
3. 0drvllt
1. rhc righls
r$
q 0RAvr FEt0NY
155Ug
E0UIVALENT
-T*nmil,rycrr
iis
0ppllcotroll D rNrE0 I sWorn slotcmcnt ortd otn0r tcsllm0nli rrr sllPp0rr is ho't adt'k issrble rn evldehco excopf for 1fiP eochrllert Purposc'
by
Consprr0t or
{.
5.
c01
bc .'t/D\fonno//t/ C0FRt60RArt0
rilorrng
durrrg
to
rroreroilorrs
lkc tfiart qut!/rl
ffofl
-t14form
0tl0n
N0T oploor l0 be
conspirocyls sh0wn
bl 0lhcr 0vlde'11 c0
by prtvles
C0NVI(,T
!0
0f
c0mP0lled t0 tesf
iiJ
crrme rirvotvin0
moro/ rurpllude
Al
ln
rel0lr 0n t0
th0
l.
evidenco th0t 0n0 did cr did n0t d0 0 csrt0lyl lhtng ot 0n0 rlfi0 ls n0t odrnisstble t0 PrOvc rhot ho did or drd not d0 ihc s0n1e 0r stfllll0r
rf
courl gronrs
derire s
fio
malton
a(ttul
Icl
is bencf ilt0cl
couri
l{
1?10u
,schcnlc
hobit
rLtle
on Judruol
l"
fnc
a N0
Conlessron
ocKn owl odQ mon
r'i"
-
t,r,r,'ti1.,,-1
Js. -UsJr1liu d"gd."
or g uilt
iesril410ny 0{
Landuru-flsl
t!_s_l.
i.'-"Ls
rltlo,LJhgr
"rfl.qn U-i
t..$_S-d.msirlle
enough
io
coPrlol offonse
hernous
g
f 0E
crtfic
|I 0l.
p
cqnnot
0
cJudtco A
l90,
If
g y.il1.
t!
!u
9 . L99i,0,[9,!=
9*I,q$I
NO
n0f
00
vcrod
h)
lxtro'
.n4,0d0
Ju dict
is lostrrnonu 0l
NO
l;l
enough ro cnnvict?
'
f v " e-v.idgi"Lq-.
"qJ
go-rgr,rs d"ol1J1
bw rt tho
.rn
Ad r,rrssrorr
bU ,f rlt,nc0
whgn A /0 (mode
nis
whU ? drscho19od sfoto wlln css hos on tnrilcst t0 pf 0tCci: kis ci cquif t0i
oI cldoptlvo 0dnission used f0 JrrstlfY oustlng 0f 0str0cl0 roqctiorl, bg coriducl, rh01 l0 0d0pfod tho st91es6af 6i
0|lofh cf
tcl
-Jurst a i
0[ th0
if
w)aI ths cxisrttrco be proved bU d0ctrn4er1t0r!J e,vl d ? fidU li b0 ony rndepondcnr pr00f ? -'J0s uNLLss
ths
lhot ln0r0
t p s rn
wr t'l tn3
c os occused qllow In evidence the vert;red stotefienf of C qs hovlng porricrpdted in tho conlrn16slon of tho crirne (extro;utdiciol
c0nf os6io14)
?
RULE 119 [Srcu.lS) PISCIlARGE OT SlATE WIlNESS - prosecttlor wilt Jrlo c, ruorion
ox.
lf
tn
to orschorgo I cl
sWod\st0tct140flI Of thc
occtrscd
C'lookor,tf
.prosscrlor exclude6
he
. Ic]
ch06e
6hould be
trnpleoded
nor be occusecl
n4otior4 N rhot kr rs not o wltnes$ f0 CISK C0!trt Pcrrxlt|ton ffi amcnd infortnation
l?10k0
him
c,o" occused
con tho prosecrlor use rhe verrlted 6t,otemen.l of c . thot h0 comn itted lho qtme os evidence oqarnst
him?
MAY
or
rObro
to consiituli0n}l reqv(em?nls
if
if
not
Co
nf
ess i
on
Adm tBst on
Occlorotion tgornst
I
ill erest
wnilo ln tho outstodg 0f , the' p0llc0 rnaKes on er1 co!1f esslo14 uovlnserled ' Odn4rts to eornmi tt|ng the cnme, p0lnts t0
oo
.p6rti 6ipst6rs
0s
is tho
0g0lnsf
A?
0dopf cd.c0nf ession ? conf06si011- 0-f.9I!ocous-oq ls odopted bg rnte'rlo,cking cot't;ossiotl ttlQ otncr qcctlsod tr sepgrotq con rossions , ol m ost
ir ort- A,B . c
grvg ,nltlft'J3f.'ruu*ion,
'
0
0golnst
Adopted corfessiors
'
"/yr
rt
aSwss[6
y tat of"*2
HEARSAV tr.UI
p
wlil,ress cor tcstifr) otilU t0 rhose, foCts wlo hs hn0W6 0i his personOl Kr{0wledgC uhor wic ore deilv0d ff0?r his 0wr
cr coptr
ercspt:
(sec
!8)
'
the chftd who witt testifU < otfierwrse it wrli bo tho c,httdt dtroct t0stim0ny
Indopendont
LVaf
ty ReleV an+
Sfafeyvent
Aug
ust 1,
Q-012-
Jocv,i,1utt,
tlg-qi*t1lg" E'
-q.q.ru!il.q-q.l-sw
Generat
busrncss rccords
glecfronic rn chorocfor
0f lh!-elEqlrun-A_-LLL0ldJ
HEAR SAY
0NLrj to th0sg
f0cts which he Knows o{ hts pcrsonal knowledqa i ihot ts, whlCh oro
dcrivcd Jrorn hrs own pircoPtto14
t xcE pI loN
s
! dg 6 r$1j-qv,L.pi-r_q!.c.s!*hrcu$ffd0t o gl-w"qql.s
'
dging doclorofion
odigroD
pflcr to rho disp ul c ( thtre orc soro excpnrions \Af h;ch ren,rir xcepllor.ls wh ich re,q Llire th is
0n
Os
CssentiO/ elatyenl
rl
rs
Plotn g0ssip
0t4 is :
repefrtrpn of go{sip
d0uh
7.
entrles t/l lhg courso 0f busl','1css I. entnes In olJiciOl r0cords 9. con4merclol llsfs 1 tl'l0 liko lo, teorncd tre,qtlses II, lestrn 0nlc e1" flopoStIl0/'l ot 0 forn4cr procooding
l0 k c0rs0j
ft
bo floor,roS
( srrtl gossip
bLrt rireg 0re 0drilrlsrb10 bcc0qsg
i
r. lw-.q-s-.-(*l
2.
lr!ql]yg-qlhr!gq{
He
orsoU
&l
'
! tLO
aE[ryfrg-Jars:ra"r_"[oll*p
ts. cd,?i|sslolq
I t ost tn4 onu )
Jndlt
Eru-a-nsl-h_n-owledgro
rh
a il/.Ils
0n BxCoptlon
dU{ng
doclorqtion
'0 trustworthy
pors0n
gossip
to
declorqlton or do0d
he
oreog?
ts trust worthY
','!hcn d pcrsOn wh0ls obor,rt t0 dio v ke
BLIT I
E(urh
'n
rs
Dsy chologU
not
dutll to
ii o
Insl0r1ca whers ddVersg poffU ls fi01 qive[ 0pfortUflllu rnqdmrsstble' H eqrsqU evidence
t0 (,r0sseY0fllne -tesiiwlon)I
own porcoptiott q oid not hovo Personol hnowlgdg9 g0t knowledg o {(om th( dealarant
sl llovo
kn 0W tod$
o but rot
0F hls
to
if
cross exomino
lr,rdqe tells 0dverss counsel n0t i0 oross er0mtrrg tho same,doy ey. orher octsgs, no ilno
0f
or,i
odv
e,re
, burt wirness js
s portX is
obsevlt
E-c0mrnercg low
[lectrorric ovidsncg
( \ #
ln
pe,digroe
rike
Pedrgroe
0f
electr0nio recofds
. doto of b trtn
( cert or birth ii
is heorsoy. locrti c,ivrl rcglsfr0r Wh0 prcpOrcs
dOtc
ol birth
if
cledsronr
d0G$
'
il
h0tp11ol,
" lwo6 sl,lol bij Juon dglcr crrtzo doclor ls Wrtnoss; tf ts hcofsoJ
n0t dr'o
eoid to doorof
folls under
gn j
fes gostoe
6 sp0nlonsOus Slotemefii
ljlglUq-li
cr:
r_vsd Flqlr,o.u
irrf orn4-qnt
')
e0cil
'
0pln ton
FAMILY RTPU1ATION Of DEc'LARArl0N oR lRA0llloN 0f porson dccooscd rcpulotior or of unoblo lo troditlota exrsttnq In tcstlfu
Afi
0etclarotIan Againet InterssI modsbrl person decoosed or rqornsi rnlgrcst o{ declororrt FSSfonor.r. mon would nol hovo m0de it unless ho Uetievsd it
'ro be
undb io to tosrifY
h'is
ocquitlol
lorn i ty
trug
thc rontrovcrsu
othcl
rs 6n0wn bu
RES GESlAE
rel
gvid
i.
sp0ntorle0[ls.
offihlrg
prior" to or subs0qUonl
rcsp0ot to tho ilrcumsronces
0eoplo
vs.
Clour
(OMMON REPLITATION
r.
ho direcl svidenoe th0t rhg fOther klli0d thC 60n ' onl\/ clrc rrmst0ntiol
docror
thon t0J
0cfef
-.
prrvrl eqed
ctmr|unic\Iiln
it
togoi signtftoonoo
0p
wncrc
docs
troditi0[
rogordlng pccligroo
sh0p b00K
iS
fulon0
gn111ss
stOlenlent
of
m0bhor
"
qr rho rrmd
0
lt
hcOrsou
rt*),vq6
ilff.igli{no.w
ecqusg
the ong*wlgtl ![t1l$]!g_-jj-!_a.i Jh s ultf bui tho-940 w.n0 !eqrd ilc rosfrn4g!J ( court stenogropher) or st0nogrophic nolcs 0ro
p r es"enre d
lf
I
dgqtq.lon- of
,q0
gluu.l!$gslrrv0
9A.!Nr*d_AI-90- r-r
ug
ASSIcN
Chqrocr
er vid t
e
burden
of proof i
prcsumptions
Arylunbn l, LntT
oplNl0N
L
fi(idznceanlJtuat
J*My^'
0F
Crirninol
C0Se
how oonvflancsd
rlg 0t
l Doubcr
togc
E
stondord
stondord
; lilil:'U'ffil"."
'nofll'$'t'ns
on
quontun4
ffiI:JJ,:HU
c r-rARAcT
R E vtDENcE sencrorrl,nlii,tlll:ljllll,"",".
iends ro cstobri:h probobilitU/
Ctv
rlottt'
g
ol
euidence?
gulltu
Ontg v*En
'rnprobobtlltU oF oFfc/n6
pertlncnt
,..;Hffffl"*uno { ff
t
t o t'o1.1t
wncn tmPCochgcl
"rtJo?#.U
id
ov fts
w0rrq11t 0f 0lr0$t
0qqtnsf wltnos6?
unt css onoroqir"t i6- i np eochEl
g
c.
Arroiqnrheni
v J u0n
eviden
in q coe o of homicide, is chorqclel ce qdm is sihre ? "morol tr0it ol th0 olfan0s chorged"
4 chorqot0r of occused is relevont
?
?
r0 clcqutt
J
ui t t
do
to prove
Chor0olor of victim
is
felcvOnt
reosonohle dnubt
nol
OlllU
,*
ollowtd? nql-Un&is.jf
' -
LUst hnve
proseculion
Preponderonce
'is
t0
of
evidenoo
crgqle
roosonobls doubi
ttroitttc 0ccus0d is
or bod morol
choroc{er?
fot!!
lrowr
bl'rrdevr
0f
evidenco
Pr,surrptinn ^lrting
u].Bffl.o-o!
how doos defenes PrOVe th0t the, 0ccttsocl i6 0f g00d morol chorooter?
evidence
civil cose the rule d0ss not sou who hqs the
burden
of
of
proof
roputolion
chorocter
\^rhot o+gl"son r coll r,{ t 6
J lrqe- Schwortz
f
comrnunion
0dfiissiblg
lhe cxioms 0f
stondorde
l6slblllru
tnoeo
ot_good_Inorq t
burderr
I no
OT
PROOF
o{
Proof
burden
shtflt s
of
evic,enoe
bt
6ubstonli0l eviden
ce
Plcodin gs
cleor
senyinsrilg evidercs
how fo clossifu ,, Juris srdeJure r. presumpfi on Juns (of low) a.turi. trantuwr 2. prosumpfion hornlnts (of foct)
0or.r
cltrsivo
presLrmpti 0ns
I
Vc
lles vs.
il lq
P r29
d?,fense Ihat he owrls tho pr0 portU t' he cln rotse lhe tsstts of owrership
PRcs urilptiorls
electRonrb evid
ocl uoll,
(pJcotto vs dovicl
ctrcLtla, on
l<ahKacort
proceduro m pre;antotiOn
6i gvid
frgo vs.
US
wherl scienlific princrpts or discovery cr0ss0s ths line bstwcOn sXpsnflentol cnd dsrnonstrcrtivc ktogos is dil;ioutf ro dcfinc.
ir
St010
vs.
Sohwortz
e 0dmlsstbllllY 0f spectfl0 t0st resutls hingfJ 0n fh0 loborotorqG c0mPli0nca wiil opptoprioto
stondords 0nd controls ond 0v0il0brlrtY 0f t0strng dot0 ond r0sults
msthod
l.
2'
irste
whelher rhe theoru or iechniqcre hoe bccr,t subieded to pcer review 0nd public0rion
oF errOr
s. wherher thejr\ or .
occep
tcchnrgu
0 is
gonerorry
Kumh
o Iircs [s vs
witl t.
oorrniohdel Knowledgo
mag test if g
if
on suJ;tcrenf gocls or doto
iestrrxonU
is based
2. t0stlm0nU ls 0 pf 0duct
on
0f
reliobl0 pr,n,rpre*
n'retho ds
lcs
ond
to the focts 0f
thg cos0
-G.R. No.
1qg2.z0 _
SEpTEMBER
8,
Zot2
tvi?onca
'triaL
Tcchnigyes
P
q.
person
cose
o cc_n c
do-_"ry.r_*
os
'
crrcLtlor
hob c0
"cj.lq.g
0n ompor0 s dol'o
E
under 15
- @nclusive ^ disPutobla
0neqdoy Witn0ss
Mosl
xqminotion
Rur
l9
sc
lt
iS
t|r g
lg-Wl3
how
I0g?
q -g-C,gpJ-ol-1*-p.Los9"nq!1yJ.e
s0
do lou q0 0r0und fils qoner0l rule ihot 1ou cbn prcsent evid not rn0rked. fi0kc rcserv0tlo14 fs1 ih0 court 0d mrt e\rd w{c or0
unmork e d
dispuloble rciqudico wircn ihcre is s eonclrrsive presumption, it 0PPlies t0 ever!Jon0 ^ n0b0dy cqf 00ntr0vert the dcCi6i0r
Ruls 39, sBc 41,l
4?)
'il
otludgrynt,
c0rf0b0r0tiv0
vs cumul0tivc
tcstirr0nY
111 L Cb.)
.1
orc th0r0 c0ses whBre thsse rulcs opplu? ore rhcy e'nhodicd in civ pro or dim pro for purposrs of evid ? nane
use{0ss cjrculor?
empf osr:ed
RULE 132
in kolikoson c0scs
ct
p_|:ina-i.p-lc.
0f
0ot1cfursivels,E5 0f Judgmcni
qenffol ruto -
Prcsumotiott of innoocn cg
coh tt bo dcfleoted,
doinq ot
does lt olwoLls prevoi l? pcrson {0und in possessiol oi-o thrnq .iqken in tho
witncsses.
v0s
toKcr 0nd
*untoss:
wrtness is rncopocitoled
dift
mode
of onswcr
ne,0ess0ru t0 g0
sun?mory proccdur0
I rhiet q.
civ cosC
not
of 0n 0ccusod
\^rhcn cosc
is irlcd tn courl
tnnoconi
crv
crir"n
COSCs
0f
stcoling
of
evidonoo
lghts of
witn css
qnd
(1) b0 proreclcd ff0n lrrelsv0nt, trilpr0psr, rnsulting questions from h0rsh of insuttrng dams\nor
(2.)
nol i0
I rignt ogotnst 6etf .inQrimin0tion - d0cs not cnrror civil Wrongs (s) rrght ogornsr 6sir .clogro doiron i;tl,,i,i,i$l ;;':r,U
(4
krncts 0r rrnmr,rnrtg iiJfit' h0ve ot prcsenf protecuiion 'Xi?r?i,i,T,i bc rndldcd but hrs.slotements connot I lus 1f0.0!.njjtl ^ con Dp useq ogctnsr nlr4
wo
!-l-q.[grq.li0lsl-J.[:lrr0.utrrlu
G
*,tn.n.
o.
Soptembor
ordcr
"sp
Wnclt is cr teOcling qucst10l4 ? suggcsts to tho wtlnoss th
e,
zL. t-otL
t
g[r.T qnsw cr
of
tKofirnotron or wirncss
l[ff::j
?
Qgn"rrus..do owsu.-ud1"tr*dicaIl'ofamnsilo4
-NIXT
in
summorg procTduro:
summOrU PtoCdd\Na
dg
owarJ
\^i
ith diroot
ffiqKc 0fFrr 0[ tesrimong 1irst. I op;er 0f orql evidencsl \i0u ors 0rrenng fh0 iesf lm0nq 0r the, witne ss t0 prove fhs Ff lort,s
Corl crQrf 0shlrig qrtCSfiotlJ
!.tg[s**9-Lg!11[g!o! :
crifi : rhero
WCllV0
:
clv .
r40t10
ccn storr
rs
'oU osking
f'flott crs
'0rc
"do
tlf
in tnu
c,1]6e?1,
..
issu
e."
mokos
fno
con the iudQo stlstoin tho objection tho! Jhq_c-leEs rs nor roucn0o_!!pg.1l-l-!_ t'I9_ul_gslj
ln
cr0ss exontn0tiOn
-*ft0ffi
*hU
dlrcct
o is o h ostil s
rh
wr t n cs s ?
rrl|,rffrlr,,ili,rs
SUpposc opponcnt clocs n0t object ro l0odinq qu0srions bcc his thcorU ls thot tho onswar of iho wifnbss rs n0t crcdlbro boo tncg oro oll suggestod bU tn0 cor.4n6ols quosfl on l
r.r qt.BtilU$..L1L1.13
9_
^ no WoJudioo
wl I n p 9.s. -! 9-."t"!:
t
s u,0
tg"u.d pp"n
-e
ls- Lq'ti1
9.q
""p-g.llJ
nl.
r n.ql i
p"
9-q.q
-bi
.,0.!*1-
si ll g)
bosis
sustor n od
"ahggt9..l
j jtg
wh0t t0
0sK
how cloos ho
,lPtfitJftu:
!g
r19
previor'rs14
slottd
\/
fi
enl mCn|r!
- ts[nolj$geg9!_hiru. _qhorqllge
controdiclorr{ evrdef cA b c'lt on.ther wrfntss
wi tnoss hos l06f his mewtorgiportiot or c0mplo[0) tutilou b0 0li0w0d to r,rso o n1ofiOr0ndum
wh
tlc ho
ls
- risu. Wltnoss
prlor-tnconsislerl 6totgi't,rents (-oirnrarf hom0d0 lrromi.ll.wlo u storr bg bc'lq f ilendltlwith wii,ncss crpl0in
(st,tt'in dr/cit
.r,J,,r?rr,Tf,i,lr'
adedbr4 Aocumenrarr4eutde'noT
sxorrrinottottl
4 hdppelrs ^^.wheu
t^
t0slinonU
when e hould
on objecfion to o
on bo mado?
o
7
rmmodiotclg
whon
ls cin of f
or af eu\denoo is fnad
if
wrirt ch stot cmont (docu rn ent) wtc colltoins inconsisreni st0tsmgnr quthsnti cott, -qsK hirn it hc signcd tne doc - rcod porriot4 wtc
InCon6rE t
tCsrim0rr0l
d0c,Um0nt0rU
is
ont
W iretmonrol evidq^co mofhinq 0f documeriloru 4 ob,locf gvrdenco ts done durtng prc irrot (ruie 16) "
briCf , Pro lriol.rLot q Cutncni ton du{rrn$ tuiol
r oglcr prcsenfal'rt
X
how Wtll theg provide Info orl tcetim0niol wlin css0s during pre .trtol wncn d0 wo cpplV clcor J convtncing evidencg l
I rule ts)
6 wny
orootecl onrg
in
,lurrsp
wdcnla?
reqs0n0bl0 dor,lbl
)
supP06e ne pJeseffs wilncss nol idenlirtedJt-$ridencs noi m0rK ed dririns preJrid roult cqf_rof l,--g)[llls{.0l.Jffim3l$
-''
it'.,lil?,'liol'#'J
i',
oo, o,
civil cqsc:
ptoi ,,0rce-r,i ptoor,
if evidcnce is
not
odnriticd
br4
ntiff j prcponderon
:
oe
dcf endoni
prcponderonCg
rosrittr
: squlp0ndsroncs 0f
evidenoe equol
qucsttOtt
obj
e$iotl
6ustoivlg0
no onswef
'
e11sr o1
prooll
who \^/ill win? portg who witl loso is tho pong with
tn0 burdcn of proof
KaliKoSon
quostion
l0wu0r wlll
glv0 qn onswor
,'hod
l0 his own
r"ng
thot
"
c.on'sidsr
thi(
n0. othffwiss O *"t gsatrodict itself . so whqrS tno usc? rhc boncf it wilt como - on oppeol con osk tnc hignor clurl to considc.r tho exctuded
evidence
os
an cfror.
+
n01nccossorq
rUlo
0n
10 rnisleodirrg
q,ostlor4s
continuing rutings
kinds
of
Objsctt0n.l
r. spocilio
1.
00n0r0l
Oilo.tr^
'trt
o1
nt** 't
RLrl0
132)
Lohen Part ts glv.en In cvid, tho wholc moU bg trqulrod lnto bU fho othcr whcn 0Cl, e,rc. is gtvcn in evid, ofhcf 0cf, stc. rlsccssorg roits Un4crst0ndi(g
Preponderonci
of
Evibence :
in
e,ryid
sqp61i61 evidencO
c,toar
and
corrvin cing
propondcrqnco oF evidenco
substontiol evidcnco
credrblc rn ltscrf
tostirnoni
substQnliol e!idgnoo
is
dcl
erfiino ir th c rcstirnony
credible?
wncn do wo opptU?
Con cr quosi-judislqq bodr,J promulg0te ffelr Own rutcs --rpro\irdo for 0 hlgncrquonlu/vl a{ p.uidenoe?
gvide,ncg?
oihcr bosic princrpro governing woight of e,vld0ncc L ||]ust r0l\ 011 tho strenqth 0f nas own evldenc0 noi dn rho weaknoss of th0 0dvorso port\s
Lr 0n rho
Wrlt
gviden00
0F rrmnoro
ranit-stXob"r.osJ1dg
cflmin0l
coso
wc not upgrod0
qu
0ntum oi evidenco I
Kollho6ori - no
rf
demurror is derlie,d
/ I I \\
Cd
in lhe perlornancr'
\.(c.
h0s ff]c solo ourhority to pr0rnulq0le rul0s 0n pioodinqs, pr0crico ond procodur0
''snt
li,:il;*rssiorr
(
e
o(
c,ourts
con m0dif U
rt sc qltov!{
js-a,?!ff
lb
lf
N-h-c{_,Sf-*AAnmlcbongsr Jn-_cdraLnot_c.-ffi
qt,rn"ntram_.
o*_gu-d
zutdJt-"ctyillqlll
-l-T__1"9_\_\'_.ct*ltqqlls(lW-qr
wf
svidsnce
il
0f 0mPoro
14os
origtn0t jqrisdiction whg ? y1o\ r uon InE m c9Ltrr.-94_tsdj!ljpJ dclittrtion cf qmp0r0 - it6 oqlv!:g.IJ
9l_0_
RT
c,
cA ,
l c1 it4 o.n S,
"q,_s.u.b-!loi-Il"yg.
lgg
1'fiffi..lll*uilf,'1,,
pr(]lsctl 0r'
0
ffio Lnroraemonr
rt ghts
cA os
crpp!ltotc courf contl 0t rocglvs evide4cg exocpl: 'motrOn for now iliol grontod b1 CA
c0fl
stit|,lti0ilol
evid0n09
Fqtsus rn un0, F0lsr,{s i{4 0mnlb\,,{s t,0lse in ttile, I0l(g rn ev0rlJil4if19 ho!e 'Ne, odopttd ihis ccncopl ?
\Ne cOn drsr0g0fd
ci r cu ff e r 0n ii
o
lt'
?'11'tuv?Iiiiffiffi-'qrc
Fmd btn ut ron
exroludiciol
conviil
I r vi
rd
gr4
d en c
ilti: + u corr
ur0.i
Lon Vrc,tr
tlv0)
g.
rg
- rnedicol co|llficotq
d00in wos couscd
DU
\\ih0i tUp0 0f
AIk0l
motion?
prossl11
l0plt0l
0t0s!01,t110fl.
gutll ts
[0r
bot
1,
doosit meon rhoi quofium lc proof hc'\on d reot0n nbrc doubt | -...^ uhol Is ihe flc0n\nq,0t tfi0nq t\Jlqcnc0i
ts
lui/h/
'
t'1':,H::T';usr
oo
in
oourt