Course in Tunnelling and Tunnel Boring Machine Kurs w zakresie drenia tuneli oraz maszyny drcej

CALCULATION OF FACE STABILITY FOR EPB MACHINE MODEL OF ANAGNOSTOU & KOVARI (1996) Design Abacus

Prof. Eng. Daniele PEILA

Calculation model

HORNS MODEL (1961)

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Calculation model
Drained conditions:

Soil permeability

> 10-7 10-6 m/s

Excavation advancing ratio

0.1 1 m/h

Strenght parameters to use: DRAINED for sands and gravels. For the clay only in machine stop conditions.

Calculation model
The pressure must be applied in terms of EFFECTIVE stresses. Contact grain-grain of the soil The water pressures into the bulk chamber affect the presence of the seepage forces.

Calculation model
Acting forces on the soil wedge: 1. The submerged weight G 2. The vertical force V 3. The seepage forces Fx e Fz 4. The pressure applied on the tunnel face S 5. The ortoghonal force on the inclined surface N 6. The orizontal ortoghonal to the surface forces lateral

7. The shear forces that developes at the interfaces

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Calculation model

Boundary conditions for the seepage forces: constant permeability pressure inside the tunnel hf h0 constant underground water height

Calculation model
Calculation procedure for the stability analysis of the tunnel face:

1. Numerical modelling of the flow field 2. Calculation of the forces acting on the soil wedge with the sliding geometry assumption 3. Calculation of the force that must be applied on the tunnel face

Choice of the critical sliding surface by the iteration of steps 2 and 3.

Calculation of the effective pressure thet must be applied on the tunnel face
The pressure that must be applied is affected by different parameters:

s= f(D, H, hf, h0, c, j, g, gd)

By a dimensional analysis has been obtained the following formulation:

h s' = F0 ' D F1c + F2 ' h F3c D

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Effective pressure calculation that must be applied at the tunnel face

Effective pressure calculation that must be applied at the tunnel face

Effective pressure calculation that must be applied at the tunnel face

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Effective pressure calculation that must be applied at the tunnel face

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Example of calculation

Great Belt Project (Denmark): Data: D=7m H = 30 m h0 47 m

= 32,5 = 13 kN/m3

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Example of calculation

F = 0.2 F0 0 = 0.2
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Example of calculation

F =2 F1 1 = 2
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Example of calculation

F = 0.43 F2 2 = 0.43
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Example of calculation

F = 0.108 F3 3 = 0.108
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Example of calculation
Obtained values using the abacus:

F0 = 0,2 F1 = 2 F2 = 0,43 F3 = 0,108

Obtaining: s= 18 2c+5,6(h0 hf) 0,016c(h0 hf)

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Example of calculation

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Observations on the obtained results and on the applicative aspects

Important observations:

Static equivalence of different technological solutions. Importance of the water pressure into the bulk chamber (calculation of the pressure in the soli pores without tunnel face pressure).

Problems due to high effective pressures into the bulk chamber.

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Observations on the obtained results and on the applicative aspects

Possible problems with high effective pressure into the bulk chamber.

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