COURSE 19 Phrasal Verbs 3 Explanations1 This unit assume that a wide range of phrasal verbs, and their grammatical

t pes, are alread !nown" This course focuses on multiple meaning, and alternative wa s of e#pressing meanings of phrasal verbs" $ote that there ma be other meanings for the verbs listed here" Rip off %charge too much & collo'uial( You paid 50? They really ripped you off! Run down %criticise( She's always running down her husband. %lose power, allow to decline( I think the batteries are running down. Run into %meet( Guess who I ran into at the supermarket! Run to %have enough mone ( I don't think we an run to a holiday abroad this year. Run over %chec! & also run throu!h" #et's run over the plan on e more. Run up %a bill & let a bill get longer without pa ing( I ran up a hu!e telephone bill at the hotel. Run up against %encounter & usuall a problem" $e'%e run up against a sli!ht problem. See someone off %go to station, airport, etc to sa goodb e to someone( I went to the station to see them off. See through %realise the truth about( I saw through his intentions at on e. Send up %ma!e fun of b imitating( &ean is always sending up the 'ren h tea her.
1

)ichael *ince, +eter Sunderland, (d%an ed #an!ua!e )ra ti e, O#ford, )acmillan, ,--., p" 1/0&101

Set about %start wor!ing( $e must set about re*or!anisin! the o++i e. Set in %establish itself & especiall weather( I think this rain has set in +or the day. Set out %give in detail in writing( This do ument sets out all the ,nion demands. %arrange( I'%e set out the re+reshments in the hall. %start an action( Sue set out to write a bio!raphy but it be ame a no%el. Set up %establish( (n in-uiry into the a ident has been set up. Set %up( on %attac!( $e were set upon by a !an! o+ hooli!ans. Sin! in %realise slowl & collo'uial, intransitive( Slowly the realisation that I had won be!an to sink in. Slip up %ma!e a mista!e & collo'uial( Someone slipped up and my appli ation was lost. Sort out %find a solution & collo'uial( .on't worry/ 0ary will sort out your problems. Stand b %!eep to an a!reement" The ompany a!reed to stand by its ori!inal ommitment. Stand for %represent & initials( 1.!. stands for e2empli !ratia/ it's #atin. %tolerate( I will not stand +or this kind o+ beha%iour in my house! Stand in for %ta!e the place of( 3arol has kindly a!reed to stand in for Graham at the monthly meetin!. Stand up to %resist, bear stress( The en!ine won't stand up to the strain. Step down %resign & collo'uial( The 3hairman has stepped down a+ter riti ism +rom shareholders. Step up %increase( )rodu tion at the #eeds plant has been stepped up. Stic! up for %defend & especiall ourself, our rights & collo'uial( ,

You must learn to stick up for yoursel+ Ta!e in %deceive( .on't be taken in by her apparent shyness. Ta!e %it( out on %ma!e someone else suffer because of one1s own sufferings( I know you are unhappy/ but don't take it out on me! Ta!e off %imitate & collo'uial( .a%e takes off the )rime 0inister really well. Ta!e on %ac'uire a new characteristic( 0y !randmother has taken on a new lease o+ li+e sin e her operation. %do something e#tra( She has taken on too mu h with a +ull*time 4ob as well. Ta!e out 5insuran e & sign an insurance agreement( (nn has taken out li+e insuran e. Ta!e over %gain control of( The army tried to take over the ountry. Ta!e to someone %develop a li!ing for( You'll soon take to your new boss/ I'm sure. Ta!e up 5time & occup time( The meetin! took up a whole mornin!. Tal! out of or into %dissuade from, persuade into( )aul talked me into !oin! skiin!/ a!ainst my better 4ud!ement. Tell off %scold & collo'uial( 6ur tea her told us off +or bein! late. Tie in with %be in agreement with( I'm a+raid your party doesn't -uite tie in with our arran!ements. Trac! down %trace the whereabouts of( The poli e tracked down the killer and arrested him. Tr out %test & a ma hine" #et's try out the new washin! ma hine. Turn down %re2ect an offer( (nother ompany o++ered me a 4ob but I turned them down. Turn out %happen to be in the end( 7e turned out to be an old +riend o+ 7elen's. .

%come to a meeting or to form a crowd( Thousands o+ +ans turned out to wel ome the team. Turn up %be discovered b chance( .on't worry about that missin! book/ it's bound to turn up sooner or later. %arrive & often une#pectedl ( 8ot many people turned up +or the lesson. 3ear off %lose effect & especiall a dru!" These painkillers wear off a+ter about two hours. 3or! out %calculate & also work out at for specific amounts( The hotel bill worked out at o%er 500. Practice 1 Underline the correct word or phrase in each sentence. a" Tom as!ed 4ane out, but she turned down him9turned him down. b" In the end9Initially 5 set out to prove that such a vo age was possible" c" 5f he treated me li!e that 5 wouldn1t stand for him9it. d" The government should set up a ommittee9a minister to sort the matter out" e" 6oth teams stepped up the pa e9the rate in the second half" f" The dog didn1t ta!e to its new owner9likin! me. g" The !ood news9The pri:e hasn1t reall sun! in et" h" 5 told her o++9told o++ her for leaving the office unloc!ed" i" 7fter a wee! on the ice the e#pedition ran into di++i ulties9potholes. 2" The reall rip the bill9you off in this restaurant8

2 Read the text and decide which answer (A, B, C, or

! best "its each space.

Telesales have become the bane of m life" Recentl 5 have been so inundated with them that 5 now refuse to answer the phone between 0 and 9 in the evenings" 9riends and relatives understand, and don1t bother calling at these times" :ast wee! 5 was almost %1( ;.;accepting a ear1s subscription to a video compan , before the red mist descended 2ust in time, and 5 slammed the phone down" 5f it1s not advisors promising to %,( ;;;""out our finances for ou, or persuading ou to %.( ;;;""life insurance, it will usuall be home improvement companies" ) advice is, don1t be ta!en %<( ;;;""b the friendl chat at the beginning of <

the conversation" =ou can %/( ;;;"" all their charming chit chat with ease & all the reall want is our custom and our mone " So %0( ;;;""them, and, preferabl politel , 2ust sa 1no1" 1) 7 set in 2) 7 tr .( 7 run into <( 7 in /( 7 turn out 6) 7 stic! up 6 stuc! up for 6 set 6 ta!e out 6 over 6 ta!e to 6 run up against C worn off C sort C set about Cup C tell off C tie in with > tal!ed into > run > stand b >off > see through > stand up to

3 Read the text and decide which answer %7, 6, C or

! best "its each space"

)eetings which %1( ;>;;too much of managers1 time are being blamed for inefficienc and lost revenue, according to a report from the 5nstitute of )anagerial 7ffairs" The report concludes that a lot of meetings which ta!e place in the business world are a waste of time? the decisions made in them could be arrived at b other means, or the manager1s presence delegated, with a capable deput standing %,( ;;;the manager" 6ut it seems this message has not %.( ;;;in et, for the number of hours devoted to meetings continues to increase annuall , in most countries of the world" 5n&house meetings are bad enough, but some companies insist on lavish affairs in hotels or restaurants, %<( ;;;huge bills in the process" 3ith delicious iron , one leading finance compan from two to three8 has %/( ;;;a committee to investigate the new scourge of unnecessar up meetings" The number of wee!l meetings for the committee has 2ust been %0( ;;;

1 7 run over ,( 7 b .( 7 sun! <( 7 ta!ing on /( 7 run into 0( 7 sent

6 set in 6 in for 6 set 6 sending up 6 sorted out 6 stepped

C turn out C up to C ta!en C wor!ing out C ta!en out C run

> ta!e up > for > turned > running up > set up > ta!en

4 P#t one s#itable word in each space. a" The government has allowed the coal industr to run ;;down;;". b" Robert was set """"""""""""""""""b two mas!ed men and robbed" c" 3h didn1t ou stic! """"""""""""""""""for me instead of sa ing nothing@ d" :et1s run """"""""""""""""""""the details of the arrangements 2ust once more" /

e" )ost of m time is ta!en """""""""""""""""with answering the phone" f" 51ve run """"""""""""""""""""against a number of difficulties in this area" g" The buffet was set """"""""""""""""""on a number of low tables" h" The ne#t da , teams of local people set """""""""""clearing up the damage" i" $o one e#pected the government to stand """"""""""""""the agreement" 2" Aundreds of people turned """""""""""""""""in the rain to see the prince" / Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given" >o not change the word given" a( 5 need someone to ta!e m place at the ceremon " in 5 need someone to ;;stand in +or me;;.;.at the ceremon " b( 5n the end it was 'uite a sunn da after all" o#t 5t """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""be 'uite a sunn da after all" c( )embers of the audience started sending up the spea!er" o" )embers of the audience started """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""the spea!er" d( 4anet persuaded me not to sell m house" o#t 4anet """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""m house" e( 6rian ta!es off the 9rench teacher reall well" i$itation 6rian does """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""the 9rench teacher" f( The effect of these pills onl lasts for three hours" o"" The effect of these pills """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""three hours" g( Aarr swore he would stand b his promise" bac% Aarr swore that he would not """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""his promise" h( Terr has 2ust insured her life" o#t 0

Terr has 2ust """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""life insurance polic " i( 5n the end it was discovered that 4oe was the thief" o#t 4oe """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""the thief" 2( 5 need a calculator to arrive at the total. wor% 5 can1t """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""a calculator"

Vocab#lar& 2 B#siness and $one& 1 Read the text and decide which answer (A, B, C, or ! best "its each space. Ours is a vanishing world, one in which the familiar is constantl disappearing and

technological change is often difficult to cope with" So it should come %1( """ 6""""" no surprise to most of us to hear that et another part of ever da life is about to go for ever" 7pparentl , within the ne#t decade, mone as we %,( ;;""it will probabl %.( ;;""to e#ist in echnologicall advanced countries" %<( ;;""+rofessor Cerr )ontague of the 5nstitute for Economic Reform, the familiar coins and ban!notes will soon be replaced entirel b credit cards of various !inds" 7nd the shop of the future will be lin!ed directl to the networ! of ban!ing computers" The assistant will simpl !e in our ban! account code number and the amount ou have spent, and than! ou politel " =ou won1t have to dig %/( ;;""in our poc!ets for change" =ou ma not even have a number for our account as such, as the

computer ma b then be able to read our handprint" So no more instances of credit card %0( ;;""6ut 5 am afraid that 5 shall miss mone " 5 have&felt %B( ;;""attached to it, ever since 5 received m first poc!et %D( ;;""when 5 was five, and !ept it in a mone &bo#" Even if m credit card of the future will be able to tell me e#actl how much spending %9( ;;""5 have left in the computer files, even if it lights up and pla s a happ %or sad( tune at the same time, nothing will be able to replace the %1-( mone & bo#" pleasure 5 gained from rattling the coins in m

1( 7 with ,( 7 have .( <( /( 0( B( D( 7 cease 7 3ith reference to 7 far 7 deceit 7 heavil 7 cash

6 as 6 see 6 stop 6 9urther to 6 long 6 tric!er 6 strongl 6 coins 6 potential 6 complete

C to C !now C fail C 7ccording to C tall C pretence C 3idel C mone C capabilit C entire

> in > believe > conclude > Owing to > deep > fraud > largel > gold > power > downright D

9( 7 capacit 1- 7 sheer
,

idem p" ,1/, ,1B

2 Underline the two words that are appropiate in each sentence. a" Aarr has a good salar " Ae !ains9!ets9makes over E,-,--- a ear" b" )ar was awarded a !rant9s holarship9subsidy to stud child ps cholog " c" Aow much did ou !i%e9pay9ta ke car@ d" Their house +et hed9produ ed9sold for a lot more than the e#pected" e" 5Fm going to the ban! to !et out9remo%e9withdraw the mone for the rent" f" The manager disappeared with the re eipts9takin!s9wa!es from the concert" g" 6 the time Gate retired she was a +ortunate9prosperous9wealthy businesswoman" h" 3e had a good holida but it was rather ostly9e2pensi%e9%aluable. i" Unfortunatel the old painting 5 found turned out to be pri e less9%alue less9worthless. 2" 3e would appreciate it if ou would lose9settle9pay our bill as soon as possible" for our new

3 Co$plete the "ixed phrases in each space b& choosin' a word "ro$ the box which collocates with the words in bold. credit mar!et redundant value chrarge fortune investment booming retirement ban!rupt Aave our shares 2ust "allen in %1(;%alue;;and ou don1t !now what to do@ Or have ou co$e into a %,( ;;;;;;;;;and don1t !now how to invest it@ 3ellH whether ou1ve been $ade %.( ;;;;;;;;;or (#ali"ied "or earl& %<( ;;;;;;;;;, whether our b#siness is %/( ;;;;;;;;;or ou1ve 2ust been declared %0( ;;;;;;;;; , we are the ban! for ou, the caring ban!" 3e1ve got the account for ou and can advise ou accordingl " Come over to us and ou will be $a%in' a wise %B( competitive loans ;;;;;;;;; """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""3e offer some of the most

and mortgages on the %D( ;;;;;;;;; +rovided ou maintain our account in %9( ;;;;;;;;; , and at a minimum level of E/--, we will offer ou financial advice completel "ree o" %1-( ;;;;;;;;;, whenever ou re'uest it" Can1t be bad, can it@

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