Professional Documents
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1 SH
1 SH
Analysis
Iteration
Needs Assessment
The first step of the engineering design process is to identify as clearly as possible what needs are to be satisfied by a solution based on technology. A design project may originate out of a concern to protect the health and safety of the public or to improve the quality of life for some people. An existing product or process may need to be redesigned in order to be made more effective or profitable. A company may wish to establish a new product line for commercial benefit, but how well it meets their customers needs will determine its success. Technological developments or scientific discoveries may create opportunities for new engineered products.
Problem Formulation
It is important to recognize that a specific problem must be formulated if one is to develop a specific solution. Ask if the real problem differs from the problem as initially presented. In what ways? In real-life engineering, you may be asked to solve incorrectly defined problems. Formulation of a problem statement is a most critical step in an engineering design project since it will determine the direction in which the efforts proceeds.
Analysis
Compare and evaluate alternate designs. Eliminate alternatives that do not satisfy critical design goals. Construct prototypes of the most promising designs and test and evaluate. Select the best alternative from among those designs. Revise and refine this best design as appropriate.
Implementation
The final phase of the design process, a design becomes reality by converting raw materials into the desired product or system. Develop the final solution and distribute it to your intended clients/customers/users, and obtain feedback for the nextgeneration design.
A single Boeing 747 is composed of more than four million parts, and about 10,000 workers are needed to build one of these plane. Case History 1.1 (Incomplete Design) The Early Quest for Manned Flight Case History 1.2 (Methodical Design) The Wright Brothers Success in Manned Flight.
Ethics and Product Liability Issues Ethical behavior in engineering can be the difference between success and failure in professional practice, triumph and tragedy concerning a problem, or life and death for a user. The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) has called ethical, social, economic, and safety considerations in engineering practice essential for a successful engineering career (see Section 8.1). An engineer needs to be familiar with, and consciously work to comply with, his or her professional society is code of ethics, as well as applicable federal, state, and local regulations, contract law, and torts law.
Nth-Generation
Engineering design does not end with an optimal solution. There is no such thing as perfect solution to an engineering problem. The search for a better Nth-generation design solution to a problem may continue endlessly. The design process is repeated again and again as new and better solutions are developed.
Teamwork
Working in formal design teams, engineers form various disciplines can more effectively devote and coordinate their diverse skills and knowledge to develop innovative solutions quickly and efficiently. The procedural elements in the course project teams Formation of Design Teams: Four members per team. Design Team Leadership: The team leadership can be rotated periodically among the members. Project Journal: This journal should include sections devoted to team meeting notes, articles, data sheets, draft of progress reports,daily and weekly reflections by each team member, and other materials.
Exercise (Engineering solutions) Eighteen circular wooden bases are to be cut from a piece of plywood. Each circular base has a diameter of 10 in. (a) What is area of triangle ABC? (b) What is the area of the largest piece of waste material? (c ) What is the percentage of waste given the configuration shown in figure? B C