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Global Summary Regional Findings The Brands Methodology
The information contained in this report has been collected from ACNielsen Marketing Information groups in 30 countries around the world. For questions or to obtain more detailed information by country, please contact your local ACNielsen Global Services representative or contact Clare Nishikawa at clare.nishikawa@acnielsen.ca The information contained in this report is not to be used with sources outside of your company without the express written permission of ACNielsen Global Services. Copyright 2001 ACNielsen
Global Summary
The ACNielsen Global Brand Report identifies those brands that have sales over a billion dollars as well as a geographic presence in all of the major regions of the world. The study findings are based on data from thirty countries, and although one may question if this is truly a global study with only thirty countries represented, these key markets account for 90% of the worlds gross domestic product (GDP) and are spread across all of the core geographic regions.
Over two hundred brands were researched for this study. One of the key findings of the study is that of the 200 plus brands researched only 43 brands actually met the criteria of having a global presence in each region and having over a billion dollars in sales.
If the requirement for geographic reach had not been included a number of additional brands would have made the list. Even among the 43 brands chosen, most had the largest concentration of sales in their region of origin.
To be part of the global brand list, a brand needed to have not only geographic presence across all of the regions, but it must have had at least 5% of its sales outside of its home region. Overall, most of the brands had a high concentration of sales in either North America or Europe (62% on ave rage). For three brands, both North America and Europe had equal predominance (Gillette, Pedigree and Always). The 43 brands on the list represent 23 global manufacturers and a total of over $125 billion in sales.
Due to the fact that no one measure can include all channels of consumer purchasing, this study is heavily weighted towards purchases from retail stores and excludes purchases in such outlets, for example, as restaurants or bars. Although the list of brands may not be all-inclusive due to coverage limitations, it does provide a significant look into the globalization of our consumer brands.
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A Mix of Categories
Of the remaining fourteen brands, no one category emerged as dominant, with 12 categories each having representation. Both the Battery category (with Duracell and Energizer) and the Diaper category (with Pampers and Huggies) each had two brands on the list. In the area of hair care, two billion dollar global brands emerged, Pantene in the category of Shampoo & Conditioners and LOreal in the Colorants category. Other categories with billion dollar brands included Moisturizers & Cleansers Nivea; Toothpaste Colgate; Facial Tissues Kleenex; OTC Pain Remedies Tylenol; Film Kodak; Blades and Razors Gillette; and Sanitary Protection Always. Interestingly enough, there was only one household product on the list, Tide Laundry Detergent. Although manufacturers market similar household and cleaning products around the world, they are often marketed under different brand names.
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In Summary
Although there is a proliferation of brands on the market, what this study illustrates is that there are a relatively few number of brands that one can truly call global. The definition used in this study, some might call too liberal because of the requirement for only 5% of sales outside of the home region, while others might call it too restrictive due to the fact that the brand needed to have a presence in each region. Overall, the beverage companies appear to be the most ahead on the globalization curve, both in the number of global products and in the magnitude of sales. The tobacco companies also have a significant number of global brands on the list (4 out of 43). Although growth across the 43 brands is on average less than 10%, eight of the 43 brands have experienced double-digit growth in the most recent year. Again, the growth picture may be somewhat understated as we are using a consistent country set for our year-over-year comparisons.
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Regional Findings
Sales in Regions Closely Follow Global Findings
Looking at the 43 global billion dollar brands within each of the four regions (North America, Latin America, Asia Pacific, and Europe, Middle East & Africa), we see that the regional sales of the global brands closely follow the global findings. For example, in each of the four regions, Coca-Cola and Marlboro were consistently the top two brands of the forty-three brands studied.
Regional Differences
Although the global findings are fairly consistent across the regions, below is a summary of some of the regional variations. Europe, Middle East & Africa (Twenty countries) Of the brands on the list, Europe, Middle East and Africa is the dominant region for 16 of the global brands. Eight of these brands have at least 70% of their sales within the region: Benson & Hedges, Guinness, Heineken, Kinder, L&M, Nivea, Whiskas, Camel. Guinness Beer (country of origin: Ireland) and Kinder Chocolate (country of origin: Italy), each had over 90% of their sales within Europe. On the opposite end of the spectrum, Tylenol is in only a handful of countries in Europe and plays a relatively minor role in the region.
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North America (Two countries) North America is the dominant region for 24 of the global brands on the list.
Eleven of these brands have at least 70% of their sales within the region: Budweiser, Campbells, Gatorade, Kodak, Kleenex, Lays, Maxwell House, Minute Maid, Tide, Tropicana, Tylenol.
Three brands had over 90% of their sales in North America (Campbell's Soup, Tide Laundry Detergent, and Tylenol Pain Remedies). Within categories, we do see some strong regional preferences. For example, Maxwell House ranks higher than Nescaf in North America. In Europe, Asia Pacific and Latin America, the picture is reversed.
As detailed in the report, an element of the criteria to be included in the global report was that in addition to having a presence in each region, more than 5% of a brand's value sales had to be outside of the home market. If this 5% criteria had not been included, several other strong North American brands would have made the list (e.g. Enfamil Infant Formula and Mountain Dew Carbonated Beverage).
Kinder Chocolate and L&M are strongly European, and although they have a presence in North America, they do not play any major role in the market.
Fanta Carbonated Beverage is somewhat unique. Although in three of the four regions the carbonated beverage has a strong presence (withi n the top five global brands), the brand does not have any significant presence in North America.
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Asia Pacific (Five countries) Of the 43 brands that made the list, none originated in this region. As mentioned above, Nescaf had a strong presence in Asia Pacific as one the top five brands in the region. Over thirty percent of its sales are in this region. P&G's Always product plays a fairly insignificant role in Asia Pacific as another similar P&G product is marketed under the brand name Whisper. L&M also has a fairly small presence in this region.
Latin America (Three countries) Gillette's Razors and Blades brand has a strong presence in Latin America and in fact, is one of the top five global brands in the region. Carbonated beverages rated high in this region. This is not surprising since Mexico has one of the highest per capita consumption of carbonated beverages around the world.
One of the most significant findings regarding Latin America is that a number
of global brands (Maxwell House, Minute Maid and Tide) although present, were significantly under developed. Although globally Benson & Hedges is larger than L&M tobacco products, in Latin America, L&M has a larger presence.
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The Brands
Brand* (# of Countries Included
30 Maximum)
Segment
Sales YE Q1 2001
(in constant US $)
Largest Market
Europe, Middle East & Africa
+
Over $15 billion
Marlboro (25)
Marlboro (Regular)** Tobacco Marlboro Lights**
++
++
+
$5 - 15 billion
North America
Budweiser (25) Campbell's (21) Kelloggs (27) Pampers (27) Benson & Hedges (21) Camel (24) Danone (25) Fanta (29) Friskies (24) Gillette (29) Huggies (25) Nescafe (29) Sprite (30) Tide (11) Tropicana (17) Wrigley's (27) Colgate (29) Duracell (28) Heineken (26) Kodak (13) L&M (18) Lay's (22) Pedigree (25) Always (22) Doritos (20) Energizer (28) Gatorade (22) Guinness (23) Kinder (28) Kleenex (26) L'Oreal (27) Maxwell House (19) Minute Maid (16) Nivea (29) Pantene (30) Philadelphia (25) Pringles (30) Seven-Up/ 7-Up (30) Tylenol (9) Whiskas (24)
Beer Soup Cereal Diapers Tobacco Tobacco Yogurt Carbonated Beverages Pet Food Blades & Razors Diapers Coffee Carbonated Beverages Laundry Detergent Still Beverages Chewing Gum Toothpaste Batteries Beer Consumer Films Tobacco Chips & Snacks Pet Food Sanitary Protection Chips & Snacks Batteries Sports Beverages Beer Chocolate Facial Tissue Colorants Coffee Still Beverages Moisturizers & Cleansers Shampoo & Conditioners Cheese Chips & Snacks Carbonated Beverages OTC Pain Remedies Pet Food $1 - 1.5 billion $1.5 - 2 billion $2 - 3 billion $3 - 5 billion
North America North America North America Europe, Middle East & Africa Europe, Middle East & Africa Europe, Middle East & Africa Europe, Middle East & Africa Europe, Middle East & Africa North America North America & Europe North America Europe, Middle East & Africa North America North America North America Europe, Middle East & Africa North America North America Europe, Middle East & Africa North America Europe, Middle East & Africa North America North America & Europe North America & Europe North America North America North America Europe, Middle East & Africa Europe, Middle East & Africa North America North America North America North America Europe, Middle East & Africa North America North America Europe, Middle East & Africa North America North America Europe, Middle East & Africa
* Brands are in alphabetical order within each range ** Subbrands which independently meet the Global Billion Dollar mark *** Growth Rates: +++: 10%; ++: 5 - 9%; +: 0 - 4%; -: < 0%
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Still Beverages
GATORADE In 1965 the University of Florida Gators football team required a drink so, through University research, Gatorade was born. Targeting the highenergy sporting market, Gatorade is a thirst quenching drink that helps replenish bodily nutrients and re-hydrate the active athlete. Originally owned by Stokely-Van Camp, then the Quaker Oats Company, and now PepsiCo, Gatorade is the original and the most widely known sports drink globally. MINUTE MAID Fresh, concentrated, or in a drinking box juices have taken on many forms. Minute Maid supplies them all. From orange and apple to lemonade, Minute Maid lets you know that they take the freshest fruit from the tree straight to your glass. With new formulations such as orange juice with Calcium and Minute Maid Premium Extra (extra Vitamin C, E and zinc), The Coca-Cola Company brings us another global beverage brand. TROPICANA Tropicana has a range of products from the freshly squeezed Pure Premium sub -brand (with additional options of pulp and vitamin-C) to the wide variety of juices from concentrate like Seasons Best. Tropicana has been a division of PepsiCo since 1998, and has built a successful global brand of natural and refreshing fruit juices and drinks.
Beer
BUDWEISER Well known for the most creative of commercials, the Anheuser-Busch brand Budweiser, along with its sub-brand Bud-Light, has garnered itself a significant place in the world of global brands. Since its introduction in 1876 Budweiser today has a clear dominance of the North American market. Now available in more than 70 countries, Budweiser is working hard to make the same in-roads into the international arena. GUINNESS Although many global consumers use the phrase bottle of beer, those who drink Guinness, especially in their home country of Ireland, are most likely asking for a pint. Guinness is owned by Diageo (the result of a 1997 merger between Grandmet and Guinness). Although mostly renowned in Europe, Guinness is e ffectively branching into the global marketplace.
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HEINEKEN Often recognized for its green can or bottle, Heineken can be spotted in more than 170 countries around the world. It was in 1592, in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, that the seeds of the Heineken Empire were first planted. Today, Heineken is one of the three beer brands most recognized around the world.
Coffee
MAXWELL HOUSE From the aroma of freshly brewing coffee, to the first taste, all the way to the final sip, Kraft says that Maxwell House coffee is Good to the last drop. In 1892 in Nashville, Tennessee, the coffee received its first honor when a hotel owner decreed to serve only Joel Cheeks special blend on its premises. The hotel was the Maxwell House Hotel, and a global brand was born. NESCAF After years of research, it was in the 1930s that Nestl developed the ability to create a great tasting cup of coffee by simply adding water. With the invention of freeze dried in 1965 and the coffee granule two years later, todays Nescaf (named from the combination of Nestl and caf) is the global instant coffee brand.
Tobacco Brands
BENSON & HEDGES Since its first launch in 1873, the success of Benson & Hedges is now in the hands of numerous companies. Together, Rothmans Benson & Hedges (Philip Morris owns 40%), Gallaher (who first introduced the brand to the UK market in the 1960s) and British American Tobacco (who distribute the brand to more than 80 countries), make Benson & Hedges one of the best known cigarette brands around the world. CAMEL RJReynolds, founded in 1875, began its operation with chewing tobacco. The Camel brand, introduced in 1913, became the first nationally popular cigarette in the United States. Today, RJReynolds International, now known as Japan Tobacco International, sells the brand in more than 170 countries outside of the U.S.
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L&M In 1998 Philip Morris extended their ownership of Liggetts brand L&M from just international markets to include the United States. Although Europe is currently this tobacco brands largest market, with the introduction of a recent global advertising campaign, L&M is now building awareness around the world. MARLBORO When one thinks of Marlboro, the images can vary from a cowboy on an open plain to a 200 mph racecar flashing by. Philip Morris has grown from a small tobacco shop in London, England (in the mid 1800s) to having a global brand in Marlboro that is recognizable to smokers and non-smokers alike.
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Pet Food
FRISKIES Originally developed and owned by Carnation, Carnation and their Friskies brand was bought by Nestl in 1985 in order to introduce pet care into Nestl's product line. Although best known for cat food in most countries Friskies also meets the needs of dogs with such sub-brands as Alpo. PEDIGREE Pedigree products such as Pedigree Performance, Pedigree Lean and Pedigree Puppy are designed to target the various needs of different dogs. Available in cans, bags and Pedigrees Flavor-Lock pouches, Pedigree effectively combines a variety of different foods in a variety of different forms. Pedigree, a division of Mars, Inc, has a strong presence in both North America and Europe. WHISKAS Homestyle Favorites, Choice Cuts, Tender Morsels - Whiskas has a variety of different flavors and forms to satisfy even the most discriminating cat. Available in bags or cans and even the FlavorLock pouch, Mars, Inc.s Whiskas brand of cat food has its largest presence in Europe.
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KELLOGGS Kelloggs, and the giant red K, are synonymous with the early morning bowl of cereal that constitutes the first, and some say the most important, meal of the day. With Kelloggs Cornflakes and Frosted Flakes leading the cereals in their global fold, Kelloggs is today marketed in over 160 countries around the world. KINDER Its certainly not a surprise that kids love the famous Kinder Surprise. With a tiny toy inside, this little egg has worked its way around the world and has helped Kinder become a globally recognized brand. Owned b y the confectionery company Ferrero SpA, Kinder brings the joy of chocolate in a variety of forms to kids and adults everywhere. PHILADELPHIA It's been a long time since Philadelphia Cream Cheese was first introduced in 1880, a mere eight years after Cream Cheese was first invented. Named after the city that was renowned at the time for dairy products and great foods, Philadelphia Cream Cheese has been part of the Kraft family since 1928. WRIGLEYS The act of chewing gum has evolved from ancient times of tree resins, grasses and waxes. Originally selling soap, then baking powder, the Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company found their success in the form of a stick of chewing gum. Now the brand is available in a number of flavors and forms in over 100 countries.
Household Brands
TIDE Rapid Action Tabs, Deep Clean Liquid, Tide Kick Laundry detergent has reached the modern age. Procter & Gambles Tide Laundry Detergent has a formulation to attack every stain, smudge or spill that has the nerve to find its way onto your clothes. Since Procter & Gambles Ariel brand is their primary detergent for Europe and Asia, Tides strongest region remains North America.
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Diapers
HUGGIES Manufactured by Kimberly-Clark, babies in the global marketplace are using Huggies Diapers. From newborns to more self-sufficient babies training with Huggies Pull-Ups, Kimberly-Clark has a number of varieties of diapers to meet a wide range of young needs. PAMPERS Over the past 50 years there has been continuous research, development and improvements to the simple diaper. Today, Procter & Gambles Pampers brand are designed for babies no matter what their size. A protective layer of lotion, an absorbent gelling material for thinner diapers, refastening tabs, elastic leg gathers, stretch panels Pampers has advanced diapers for the global market.
Health Care
TYLENOL Headache? Flu? Allergies? Globally, people are reaching for the pain relief abilities of the acetaminophen based Tylenol. Owned by the health care giant Johnson & Johnson, Tylenol has a variety of products, in a variety of forms. Although most of the sales originate in North America, Tylenol also has a small presence in other regions.
Hair Care
LOREAL Although well known for a number of different products, LOreal has evolved from its first product offering in 1907 Hair Coloring. Beautiful hair color, whether blonde, red or brunette, can be found throughout the world, thanks to LOreal. Today, with many powerful sub-brands such as Fria, Open, Casting ColorSpa and Excellence, LOreal dominates the global hair coloring market. PANTENE Pantene Pro-V has recently undergone a lineup change, modernizing its line to move away from focusing on traditional hair types (dry, greasy) to a product line that targets the style the consumer wants to have. Now the global consumer can decide the type of beautiful hair they desire, and choose from Pantenes new range of products.
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Durables
DURACELL In a world requiring portable power, many turn to the Copper Top to run their music, their games, or their personal organizers and flashlights. With their new Ultra alkaline battery, Duracell has extended the limits of a batterys operating life through new advanced technology. ENERGIZER It keeps going, and going, and going. Recently removed from the Ralston Purina basket of products, Energizer now operates independently. With Duracell as their main competitor, Energizer continues to introduce innovations such as their E 2 Titanium battery. KODAK The name Kodak is synonymous with photography around the world. It was George Eastman that made picture taking simple, and brought the power of photography into the hands of the consumer. Since 1888 when the first camera a nd commercial film were made available to the public, Kodak has further advanced film sharpness, grain, speed and color with their latest creation Kodak Gold film.
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Brand Details
Sub-brands Included in Master Brands When Applicable
Total Coca-Cola Coca-Cola (Regular) diet Coke/Coca-Cola light Marlboro Marlboro (Regular) Marlboro Lights Total Pepsi Pepsi (Regular) Diet Pepsi Budweiser Campbell's Kelloggs Pampers Benson & Hedges Camel Danone Fanta Friskies Gillette Huggies Nescaf Sprite Tide Tropicana Wrigley's Colgate Duracell Heineken Kodak L&M Lay's Pedigree Always Doritos Energizer Gatorade Guinness Kinder Kleenex LOreal Maxwell House Minute Maid Nivea Pantene Philadelphia Pringles Seven-Up/ 7-Up Tylenol Whiskas classic; diet; light; cherry; Caffeine Free classic, cherry; Caffeine Free diet; light; cherry; Caffeine Free Reds; Menthol; Light; Ultra Reds; Menthol Light; Ultra Regular; Diet; Light; Max; Pepsi One; Cherry; Caffeine Free Regular; Cherry; Caffeine Free Diet; Light; Pepsi Max; Pepsi One Budweiser; Bud Light; Bud Ice All Campbell's Wet Soups Condensed; Ready to serve All Kelloggs Cereals Baby-dry; Premium; Rash care; Custom fit Regular; Lights; 100s Regular, Light Danette/Danino/Dannon; Petit; Activa; Bio; Press tubes Regular; Diet; Flavours Gourmet; Vitalbalance; Arthurs; Alpo All Gillette Razor Blades Brands - Systems; Double Edge; Disposable; Men; Women Sizes; Supreme; Training Pants; Little Swimmers Classic; Cappuccino; Gold; Ex cella Regular; Diet Forms; Bleach; Kick; HE; Free; Deep Clean Premium Fruit Juices Chewing Gum; Airwaves; Ice; Extra; Winter; Sugarfree Total; Sparkling; Sensitive; Cavity; Tatar Control; Platinum Duracell Ultra; Sizes Regular; Premium Regular; Advantix; Elite; Gold; Chrome; Max... Regular; Lights; Menthol Regular; Baked; Wavy; Flavours; Sizes Little Champs; Choice Cuts; Puppy Snacks; Dry; Pal; Chum Length; Strength; Wings; Unscented; Wrapped Regular; 3D's; Flavours; Sizes e2 titanium; Alkaline; Carbon-zinc; Sizes Regular; Flavours; Frost; Fierce; Powdered; Ready-to-drink Regular; Extra Cold; Extra Stout; Foreign Bars; Eggs Boxes; Sizes; Pocket Pack; Cold-Care Casting; Colorelle; Excellence; Feria; Recital Roasted and Ground; Instant; Decaf Juices; Punches; Cocktails; Beverages; Concentrated; Ready-to-drink Face; Hand & Body Shampoo; Conditioners; Hair types Cream Cheese; Plain; Flavours; Regular; Light... Regular; Fat Free; Right; Ridges; Flavours; Sizes Regular; Diet Pain; Arthritis; Menstrual; Flu; Allergy; Adults; Children Homestyle; Choice Cuts; Morsels; Treats; Dry; Wet
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Methodology
Criteria
There were three main criteria that a brand had to meet to be included as a Global Billion Dollar Brand: The cumulated sales for year ending Q1 2001 had to be equal to, or exceed US $1 Billion. Sales had to have a measurable presence in each of four geographic regions (Latin America, Asia Pacific, North America and Europe, Middle East & Africa) Sales outside of the home market needed to represent at least 5% of the global sales value.
Markets
The study includes 30 of the worlds largest markets and is divided into four geographical regions: Latin America, Asia Pacific, North America and Europe, Middle East & Africa. Based on available economic information from the World Bank, these countries account for 90% of the Global GDP. Latin America:
Asia Pacific:
Japan China Korea, Rep. (South Korea) Australia Hong Kong, China
North America:
United States Canada
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Products
In the initial phase of this study, a review was done, by category and by manufacturer, to identify possible brands that wo uld meet the criteria set. The research included a review of ACNielsen Top Brand reports from a number of countries, ACNielsens International Databases (where available) and manufacturers web sites. Based on the above research, a request was made to the local ACNielsen offices in 30 countries for information on 224 brands, from 53 manufacturers across 59 categories. Out of the 224 brands considered, 43 brands met the necessary criteria. Identification of a Brand The way brands are defined differs across countries and companies. For this project we have aimed to be consistent in how we defined a brand based on both the packaging, marketing and consumer views of brands. When brands were seen to have a number of variants or sub-brands these sub-brands were noted. Each of the brands selected has been measured within a category. Umbrella brands that cross category boundaries have not been aggregated across categories (e.g. Nivea is a billion dollar brand within Moisturizers & Cleansers, although it also has a smaller presence within Hair Care and Deodorants). Since this was a "brand" study, we have not added products together that may be similar in formulation but carry different names in different countries. Lays, for example, is a global brand but PepsiCo market a similar product in a number of other countries under the Walkers name. We did not add the two together.
Category Growth
Growth rates were calculated including only those countries where consistent data was available for each of the years involved.
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Category Coverage
Coverage of a brands sales differs based on the type of channels in which the brand is sold. Local ACNielsen information was used in the study. Therefore, products most often purchased within a grocery store will always benefit from ACNielsens strong coverage of grocery retailers. Impulse purchases, such as purchases of carbonated drinks, cigarettes or alcohol from kiosks, bars, restaurants or vending machines, are generally not included making the data coverage for these brands considerably lower. Coverage by country differs and is dependent on the number of channels included in the local countrys base services. For example, beer, which is not tracked by ACNielsen in Mexico nor Canada, is therefore understated in the final sales reported.
Brand Coverage
The number of countries in which each brand was found is included in the Billion Dollar Brand chart. Many of the brands had sales in all 30 countries. Although generally a lack of sales in a country indicates a lack of presence there, for some brands the missing country information may have been due to the brand being too small and therefore, being included in an All Other line. As mentioned above with regards to beer, in a few cases (including Kodak film) the number of countries in which the brand was recorded was impacted b y ACNielsens limited coverage of the category in some markets.
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Copyright 2001 ACNielsen. Printed in USA. All rights reserved. ACNielsen and the ACNielsen logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of A.C. Nielsen Company. Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. CC01/298