RESIDUES A. A.

AND

ADELES UDC 513.60

Beilinson

In this b r i e f a r t i c l e T a t e ' s c o n s t r u c t i o n in [1] f o r the r e s i d u e s of d i f f e r e n t i a l s on c u r v e s is g e n e r a l i z e d to the m u l t i d i m e n s i o n a l c a s e . The l o c a l r e s i d u e of P a r s h i n [2, 3] and E l z e i n [4] a r i s e s f r o m the c l a s s of c o h o m o l o g i e s of s o m e i n f i n i t e - d i m e n s i o n a l L i e a l g e b r a . M o r e o v e r , it is s h o w n that the g l o b a l m o r p h i s m of the G r o t h e n d i e c k t r a c e s p l i t s up into the s u m of r e s i d u e s . H e n c e w e h a v e the p - p a r t of the r e c i p r o c i t y l a w s in [3]. 1. C o n s i d e r the s e t T,. = ( C . , Ai., Bi.), c o n s i s t i n g of the c o m p l e x C , of v e c t o r s p a c e s o v e r the f i e l d k, and i t s s u b c o m p l e x e s A i B 1 , 1 < i < N. L e t S(n) be the s e t of p a i r s (P, Q ) , p , Q ~ {l . . . . ~} s u c h that[ P N Q [ = n, [ P U Q I - - ~ r . F o r a - - - - ( P , q ) ~ S (n),~ P N Q - - { ~ . . . . . in}, i ~ < . . . < i n , s e t a (h 0 ) ~ ( P , Q \ { i j } ) , a ( / , l ) = ( P \ f f f , q )
S (n--t);

*' 0 (], T , j ~ i~e N Ai*~_Q ~ B)"

r):

r . a - - , r,~0.r)(r-~ 0J) a r e n a t u r a l e m b e d d i n g s . L e t

r.~ ----o~S(n) + r.~; " 0~ ffi

~ (--W t~.$<n+l

(0 (1, 0) -- a (], i)): r.,+t ~ r . , ; ] ~0: r.o ~ c , be the s u m o f e m b e d d i n g s . I t is e a s i l y s e e n t h a t O,,o0n+x= 0, Oo0o= 0. S u p p o s e t h a t w e a r e g i v e n a n a s s o c i a t i v e k - a l g e b r a E and i t s t w o - s i d e d i d e a l s X i , y i , 1 _< i _< N s u c h t h a t X i + y i = E f o r a l l i. W e a s s o c i a t e w i t h T = 0g, X i, y i ) the s e t T . = ( C . , Ai., Bi.), w h e r e C . i s a c o m p l e x of c h a i n s E c o n s i d e r e d a s a L i e a l g e b r a o v e r k: C r = A r E , the d i f f e r e n t i a l d r : Cr+~ --" C , i s g i v e n by the f o r mula d, (e~A . . . A e~+~)ffi ~ ( - I f +~+x(~ej - e~) A e, A. :. A ~ A . . . A ~ A . . . A e~+x; and Al = X i A C,_~, B, _- y l A c,_~ a r e s u b c o m p l e x e s of C , . s L E M M A . a) The s e q u e n c e 0 ~ T , N ~ . . . --- T , 0 ~ C , ~ 0 is e x a c t . Thus w e h a v e r r ~ IIo,- (I~N+I(C,),

L e t O be a c o m m u t a t i v e s u b a l g e b r a of E . If 10. . . . . l~ ~ ~ , t h e n w e d e n o t e by r r if0. . . . . IN) ~ ~ (r,~) the v a l u e of r T o n the c y c l e lo A A 1~. b) T h e r e e x i s t s a (unique) m o r p h i s m Rest: fi~l~ --,Hx (r,N) s u c h t h a t Res(lodh A A diN) = rr (to . . . . . . IN)"

2. L e t V be a N o e t h e r i a n s c h e m e , P(V) the s e t of p o i n t s o f V w i t h n a t u r a l o r d e r i n g [for ~ ~ P (v) nt > n~ m e a n s t h a t ~ ~ ~ ], and l e t S(V) be the s i m p l i c i a l s e t c o n n e c t e d w i t h P(V) [the n - s i m p l e x A ~ s (V)n i s the s e t (~0 > . . . > ~?n),*l~ ~ P(V~. If K ~ S ( D ~ , ~ I ~ P ( V ) , then
~K,, =

{(~ > . . .

> 'l~) ~ S ( D , , - ~ I (q > ~h > > ~h) ~ K~}.

By i n d u c t i o n on n, w e d e f i n e a f u n c t o r A(Kn, ) on the c a t e g o r y of q u a s i c o r e g e n t O v - b u n d l e s , a s the unique f u n c t o r c o m m u t i n g w i t h the i n d u c t i v e l i m i t s , and c o i n c i d i n g w i t h II lira M ~ On/m ~ f o r n = 0 on c o r e g e n t b u n d l e s M, and w i t h ~I~P(V)TII lira A (,flKn, M @ O~/m~) f o r n -> 1 (m~? is a m a x i m a l i d e a l o f the l o c a l r i n g O~?). T h e n A ( K n , ) is a n e x a c t f u n c t o r . If Kn ~ K~, K~_,C0~(K~), w e have the obvious m o r p h i s m s .4 (Kn, -) ~ A (K~, .),

A (K~_,, .) ~ a i(~n, .). S e t A n ( v , ) = A(S(V)n, ), and f o r a ~ s (v), s !.)(a) = ,4 ({a}, .). C l e a r l y , ~i t u r n A * ( V , . ) into a s i m p l i c i a l c o m p l e x , and S ( . )(A) into a s y s t e m of c o e f f i c i e n t s o n S(V), and m o r e o v e r t h e r e e x i s t n a t u r a l e m b e d d i n g s A * ( V , . ) - - C*(S(V), S ( . )), H(V, ) --.-H{A*(V, )). W e note t h a t S(V), S ( . ), A*(V, ) d e p e n d f u n c t o r i a l l y on V. I n p a r t i c u l a r , w e have d e f i n e d a c o m p l e x of p r e b u n d l e s A * ( . ) on V: A * (M)(U) = A*(U, M IU), and a m o r p h i s m i: M - - H(A*(IVI)). LEMIVIA. A l l the Ai(M) a r e i n e r t b u n d l e s , __A*( M ) = M ~ A * (Or) , i is a n i s o m o r p h i s m , OV f o r j ~ 0. C O R O L L A R Y . H ' ( V , M) = H ' ( A * ( V , M)). and HJ(_A*(M)) = 0

M o s c o w S t a t e U n i v e r s i t y . T r a n s l a t e d f r o m F u n k t s i o n a l ' n y i A n a l i z i E g o P r i l o z h e n i y a , Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 4 4 - 4 5 , J a n u a r y - M a r c h , 1980. O r i g i n a l a r t i c l e s u b m i t t e d M a y 8, 1979.

34

0 0 1 6 - 2 6 6 3 / 8 0 / 1 4 0 1 - 0 0 3 4 $07.50

1980 P l e n u m P u b l i s h i n g C o r p o r a t i o n

R e m a r k . The c o m p l e x of a d e l e s A* is a " f o r m a l " a n a l o g of the G o d e m a n c a n o n i c a l s i m p l i c i a l r e s o l v e n t . The n a t u r a l f a c t o r s of A* a r e the K u z e n c o m p l e x and the c o m p l e x C* f r o m [2]. H e n c e f o r w a r d , V will be a n N - d i m e n s i o n a l p r o p e r s c h e m e o v e r the p e r f e c t field k. F o r b r e v i t y , let MA = S(M)(A), ~ i = ~ / k " Fix A ~ s (~9~-. T h e n O A is a n A r t i n k - a l g e b r a , on e a c h field K of r e s i d u e s o f w h i c h t h e r e is a n a t u r a l N - d i m e n s i o n a l l o c a l s t r u c t u r e o v e r k (see [3]). This m e a n s that f o r N - 1, K is the field of f r a c t i o n s of a c o m p l e t e d i s c r e t e l y n o r m e d r i n g R 1, w h o s e field of r e s i d u e s K 1 has a n ( N - 1 ) - d i m e n s i o n a l local s t r u c t u r e , and f o r N = 0 K is finite o v e r k (for R 1 we need to take the whole c l o s u r e of the i m a g e Oo0(A) in K, and the l o c a l s t r u c t u r e on K 1 is defined inductively). Any N - d i m e n s i o n a l l o c a l field is i s o m o r p h i c to k ' ( ( t N ) ) . . . ((tl)), w h e r e k' is finite o v e r k {with the obvious l o c a l s t r u c t u r e ) . In [2, 3] ReSK: ~ K N ---k w a s defined by the f o r m u l a aes x (aY[:~* dr, A . . . A dtN)= trk'/k(a) for l 1 = . . . = l N = - 1 , 0 in the opposite c a s e (a ~ k'), and m o r e o v e r R e s K does not depend on the i s o m o r p h i s m K = k' ((tN)) ((tl)). Set nesk = z. ~ nes~: ~ - . k, w h e r e l is the length of 0170, and the s u m is t a k e n o v e r all fields of r e s i d u e s

OA. F u r t h e r m o r e , we denote by R e s k the c o m p o s i t i o n ~ - ~ A N (V, fire)-. H~v (V, ~ N ) ~ k, w h e r e T r is the m o r p h i s m of the G r o t h e n d i e c k t r a c e . 3. We now show how to c o n n e c t the t r i p l e (E, X i, yi) f r o m Sec. 1 with the N - s i m p l e x . L e t ~ = (~],~> ~ > . . . > ~,) ~ s (v)~, A' = 0o (A) = (~, > : .. > r,,). F o r e a c h finite O~?0-module M, let (M) = {L C M [ L is a finite O ~ l - m o d u l e , L - 0~?0 = M~. If Li ~ (I)(M), L t ~ La, then L I a , ~ M a and (Lt/L~) a, : LI,/L~a,. F o r p a i r s M1, M 2 of finite O~0-modules , we define inductively i n n ~H~(M,, M2)= 1! ~ H o m k ( M l a , M~a)] VLI~(D(Mt), L2~P(M2) ~tLI~EP(M1), L 2 ~ ( M 2 ) : LI"~ LL L~ D L,,[ (L~') C L,a,, / ( L~a,) C L~a': and f o r n _> 1 the induced m o r p h i s m f. ( n~/ Li) ~. -~ ( L~/ L~)~. belongs to tl a,( L,/ L~, L~/L,)} , and X ~':- " n -> i > 1, X ~ ( r e s p e c t i v e l y , y i ) c o n s i s t s of those ! ~ H a , f o r w h i c h all the f in the definition of HA belong to i-1 X ~ I ( L 1 / L 1 , L 2 / L 2) [ r e s p e c t i v e l y , YA' (" ' ")]" C l e a r l y , //~_D Horn% (M~a, M,~). L e t 5 ~ S (~)~-. C o n s i d e r the a s " v v . ~

s o c i a t i v e k - a l g e b r a Ea = ~/~ (~o, ~0) ~ Ead~ (~a, ~a) and its t w o - s i d e d ideals x~ ---- x~(~0, ~ ) , YA = E A f r a l l i ~ N , ZA_~$a. We apply the c o n s t r u c t i o n of See. 1 t o T = depends only on the l o c a l s t r u c t u r e on the fields of r e s i d u e s ~ ). T H E O R E M . a) All the e l e m e n t s tr: H, (r.N) --~ k. b) aes~ = Res~ = troRes~ra. C O R O L L A R Y (formula for r e s i d u e s in P a r s h i n ' s form). F o r 5 ' ~ s (v)N_i, (~ ~ ~ 7 ~
A~A'

y~. T h e n X ~ +

(EA, X , Y ) (incidentally, T

Q x~ ~ Y~ a r e finitely potent [1], and the t r a c e defines a m o r p h i s m

ms~

0.

I a m deeply g r a t e f u l to A. N. P a r s h i n , w h o s e c o n s e r v a t i o n s with me f o r m e d the b a s i c s o u r c e f o r this a r t i c l e , and to I.. N. B e r n s h t e i n and Yu. I. Manin for their a t t e n t i o n to the a r t i c l e and the a u t h o r . LITERATURE
1.

CITED

2. 3. 4.

J. A. A. F.

Tate, M a t e m a t i k a , 1__33,No. 1, 5-14 (1969). N. P a r s h i n , Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat., 40, 736-773 (1976). N. P a r s h i n , Dokl. Akad. N a u k S S S R , 243, No. 4, 355-358 (1978). E l z e i n , C o m p o s i t i o Math., 29, 9-33 (1974).

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