General properties Name, symbol,number platinum, Pt, 78 Pronunciation /plt.n.m/ or /plt.

nm/

Element category Group, period, block

transition metal 10, 6, d

Standard atomic weight 195.084 Electron configuration [Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1 Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1 (Image)

Physical properties Phase Density (near r.t.) Liquid density atm.p. Melting point solid 21.45 gcm3 19.77 gcm3 2041.4 K3214.9 F 1768.3 C, , Boiling point 6917 F 3825 C,

4098 K, Heat of fusion Heat of vaporization Molar heat capacity 22.17 kJmol1 469 kJmol1 25.86 Jmol1K1

Vapor pressure

P (Pa)

10

100

1k

10 k

100 k

at T (K) 2330 (2550) 2815 3143 3556

4094

Atomic properties Oxidation states 6, 5, 4, 3 , 2, 1, -1, -2 (mildly basic oxide) Electronegativity Ionization energies 2.28 (Pauling scale) 1st: 870 kJmol1 2nd: 1791 kJmol1 Atomic radius Covalent radius Van der Waals radius 139 pm 1365 pm 175 pm

Miscellanea Crystal structure Magnetic ordering face-centered cubic paramagnetic

Electrical resistivity Thermal conductivity Thermal expansion Tensile strength Young's modulus Shear modulus Bulk modulus Poisson ratio Mohs hardness Vickers hardness Brinell hardness CAS registry number

(20 C) 105 nm 71.6 Wm1K1 (25 C) 8.8 mm1K1 125-240 MPa 168 GPa 61 GPa 230 GPa 0.38 44.5 549 MPa 392 MPa 7440-06-4

Most stable isotopes Main article: Isotopes of platinum

iso

NA

half-life

DM DE (MeV)

DP

190

Pt

0.014%

6.51011 y

3.18

186

Os

192

Pt

0.782%

192

Pt is stable with 114 neutrons

193

Pt

syn

50 y

193

Ir

194

Pt 32.967%

194

Pt is stable with 116 neutrons

195

Pt 33.832%

195

Pt is stable with 117 neutrons

196

Pt 25.242%

196

Pt is stable with 118 neutrons

198

Pt

7.163%

198

Pt is stable with 120 neutrons

Platinum (

/pltnm/ or /pltnm/) is a chemical

General properties

Name, symbol,number Pronunciation

palladium, Pd, 46 /pledim/

p-LAY-dee-m
Element category Group, period, block transition metal 10, 5, d

Standard atomic weight 106.42 Electron configuration Electrons per shell [Kr] 4d10 2, 8, 18, 18 (Image)

Physical properties

Phase Density (near r.t.) Liquid density atm.p. Melting point

solid 12.023 gcm3 10.38 gcm3 1828.05 K2830.82 F 1554.9 C, ,

Boiling point

5365 F 2963 C, 3236 K,

Heat of fusion Heat of vaporization Molar heat capacity

16.74 kJmol1 362 kJmol1 25.98 Jmol1K1

Vapor pressure

P (Pa)

10

100

1k

10 k

100 k

at T (K)

1721 1897 2117 2395 2753

3234

Atomic properties Oxidation states 0, +1, +2, +4, +6 (mildly basic oxide) Electronegativity Ionization energies 2.20 (Pauling scale) 1st: 804.4 kJmol1 2nd: 1870 kJmol1 3rd: 3177 kJmol1

Atomic radius Covalent radius Van der Waals radius

137 pm 1396 pm 163 pm

Miscellanea Crystal structure Magnetic ordering Electrical resistivity Thermal conductivity Thermal expansion face-centered cubic paramagnetic[1] (20 C) 105.4 nm 71.8 Wm1K1 (25 C) 11.8 mm1K1

Speed of sound(thin rod) (20 C) 3070 ms1 Young's modulus Shear modulus Bulk modulus Poisson ratio Mohs hardness Vickers hardness Brinell hardness CAS registry number 121 GPa 44 GPa 180 GPa 0.39 4.75 461 MPa 310 MPa 7440-05-3

Most stable isotopes

Main article: Isotopes of palladium

iso

NA

half-life DM

DE (MeV)

DP

100

Pd

syn

3.63 d

100

Rh

0.084, 0.074, 0.126

102

Pd 1.02%

102

Pd is stable with 56 neutrons

103

Pd

syn

16.991 d

103

Rh

104

Pd 11.14%

104

Pd is stable with 58 neutrons

105

Pd 22.33%

105

Pd is stable with 59 neutrons

106

Pd 27.33%

106

Pd is stable with 60 neutrons

107

Pd

trace

6.5106y

0.033

107

Ag

108

Pd 26.46%

108

Pd is stable with 62 neutrons

110

Pd 11.72%

110

Pd is stable with 64 neutrons

r Appearance

silvery white metallic

General properties

Name, symbol, number rhodium, Rh, 45 Pronunciation Element category Group, period, block /rodim/ ROH-dee-m

transition metal 9, 5, d

Standard atomic weight 102.90550 Electron configuration Electrons per shell [Kr] 5s1 4d8 2, 8, 18, 16, 1 (Image)

Physical properties Phase Density (near r.t.) Liquid density at m.p. Melting point solid 12.41 gcm3 10.7 gcm3 2237 K3567 F 1964 C, , Boiling point 6683 F 3695 C, 3968 K, Heat of fusion 26.59 kJmol1

Heat of vaporization Molar heat capacity

494 kJmol1 24.98 Jmol1K1

Vapor pressure

P (Pa)

10

100

1k

10 k

100 k

at T (K)

2288 2496 2749 3063 3405

3997

Atomic properties Oxidation states 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1[1], -1 (amphoteric oxide) Electronegativity Ionization energies 2.28 (Pauling scale) 1st: 719.7 kJmol1 2nd: 1740 kJmol1 3rd: 2997 kJmol1 Atomic radius Covalent radius 134 pm 1427 pm

Miscellanea Crystal structure Magnetic ordering Electrical resistivity Thermal conductivity face-centered cubic paramagnetic[2] (0 C) 43.3 nm 150 Wm1K1

Thermal expansion Speed of sound (thin rod) Young's modulus Shear modulus Bulk modulus Poisson ratio Mohs hardness Vickers hardness Brinell hardness CAS registry number

(25 C) 8.2 mm1K1 (20 C) 4700 ms1

380 GPa 150 GPa 275 GPa 0.26 6.0 1246 MPa 1100 MPa 7440-16-6

Most stable isotopes Main article: Isotopes of rhodium

iso

NA

half-life DM

DE (MeV)

DP

99

Rh

syn

16.1 d

99

Ru

0.089, 0.353, 0.528

101m

Rh

syn

4.34 d

101

Ru

IT

0.157

101

Rh

0.306, 0.545

101

Rh

syn

3.3 y

101

Ru

0.127, 0.198, 0.325

102m

Rh

syn

2.9 y

102

Ru

0.475, 0.631, 0.697, 1.046

102

Rh

syn

207 d

102

Ru

0.826, 1.301

102

Ru

1.151

102

Pd

0.475, 0.628

103

Rh

100%

103

Rh is stable with 58 neutrons

105

Rh

syn

35.36 h

0.247, 0.260, 0.566

105

Pd

0.306, 0.318