Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose The One Alternative That Best Completes The Statement or Answers The Question
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose The One Alternative That Best Completes The Statement or Answers The Question
Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The str ct re o! a protei" is #etermi"e# by 1) _____ $) the se% e"ce o! the ami"o aci#s it co"tai"s& B) the " mber o! ami"o aci#s it co"tai"s& ') the ! "ctio" o! the " cleic aci#s it co"tai"s& () the " mber o! !atty aci#s it co"tai"s& 2) The se% e"ce o! e)e"ts i" the process o! protei" sy"thesis is s ally 2) _____ $) (N$ *N$ protei"& B) *N$ protei" (N$& ') +rotei" *N$ (N$& () *N$ (N$ protei"& ,) -hich o! the !ollo.i"g compleme"tary base pairi"gs occ r bet.ee" (N$ a"# *N$/ ,) _____ $) ' to 0 a"# $ to T B) 1 to ' a"# $ to 0 ') $ to T a"# ' to 1 () T to ' a"# $ to 1 4) The *N$ molec le that carries the se% e"ce o! " cleoti#es "ee#e# to #etermi"e the or#er o! ami"o aci#s i" a protei" is $) ribosomal *N$& ') messe"ger *N$& 4) _____
2) *N$ polymerase bi"#s to the ________ to begi" the process o! tra"scriptio"& 2) _____ $) str ct ral ge"e B) promoter ') co#o" () a"tico#o" 3) -hich o! the !ollo.i"g ser)es as the template # ri"g tra"scriptio"/ 3) _____ $) m*N$ B) (N$ ') t*N$ () polymerase 4) -hat is the ! "ctio" o! t*N$ molec les # ri"g tra"slatio"/ 4) _____ $) They e"co#e the i"str ctio"s !or protei" sy"thesis& B) They "5ip #o ble-stra"#e# m*N$& ') They ser)e as the starti"g poi"t !or *N$ polymerase& () They carry ami"o aci#s to the ribosome& 6) -hat sig"al .he" prese"t at the ribosome ca ses protei" sy"thesis to e"#/ 6) _____ $) t*N$ B) a stop co#o" ') *N$ polymerase () (N$ 7) 'o"si#er a stra"# o! (N$ .ith the se% e"ce 1$$TT'11'$& -hat is the se% e"ce o! the compleme"tary stra"#/ $) 'TT$$1''1T ') $11''T$$T1 7) _____
B) $'11'TT$$1 () 1$$TT'11'$
10) -hich o! the !ollo.i"g is a !eat re o! (N$/ 10) _____ $) $#e"i"e 8$) !orms a base pair .ith cytosi"e 8')& B) The backbo"e o! each stra"# is compose# o! alter"ati"g s gar a"# phosphate gro ps& ') (N$ remai"s co"#e"se# i" a short li"ear !orm both be!ore a"# a!ter cell #i)isio"& () 'ompleme"tary stra"#s are hel# together by io"ic bo"#s& 11) The term 9semico"ser)ati)e replicatio"9 re!ers to the !act that 11) _____ $) the (N$ molec le i"cl #es a pare"tal stra"# a"# "e.ly create# (N$ stra"#& B) the mo#e o! (N$ replicatio" is o"ly te"tati)ely #escribe#& ') (N$ is "ot : st o"e stra"# b t t.o compleme"tary stra"#s& () (N$ is create# !rom o"ly !o r o! "i"e a)ailable " cleoti#es&
12) N cleoti#es i" opposi"g stra"#s o! (N$ that bi"# to each other are calle# 12) _____ $) compleme"tary& B) sister chromati#s& ') semico"ser)ati)e& () co":oi"e#&
1,) (N$ polymerase mo)es alo"g the le"gth o! the ".o "# helix; starti"g at the e"# o! o"e stra"# a"# !i"ishi"g at the e"# o! the other stra"#& $s sho." i" this !ig re; .hat is the res lt o! this phe"ome"o"/ 1,) _____ $) <ree " cleoti#es are a##e# to o"e stra"# o! pare"tal (N$ b t "ot to the other& B) ="e res lti"g #o ble stra"# o! (N$ is compose# o! "e. (N$; a"# o"e is compose# o! pare"tal (N$& ') (N$ polymerase is #estroye# as it bi"#s " cleoti#es to !orm each #a ghter stra"#& () The (N$ polymerase mo)es to.ar# the ".o "# helix o" o"e stra"# o! (N$ a"# a.ay !rom it o" the other stra"#& 14) *eplicatio" i" prokaryotes #i!!ers !rom replicatio" i" e karyotes !or .hich o! the !ollo.i"g reaso"s/ 14) _____
$) +rokaryotic chromosomes ha)e histo"es; .hereas e karyotic chromosomes #o "ot& B) +rokaryotes ha)e telomeres; a"# e karyotes #o "ot& ') +rokaryotes pro# ce =ka5aki !ragme"ts # ri"g (N$ replicatio"; b t e karyotes #o "ot& () The rate o! elo"gatio" # ri"g (N$ replicatio" is slo.er i" prokaryotes tha" i" e karyotes& E) +rokaryotic chromosomes ha)e a si"gle origi" o! replicatio"; .hereas e karyotic chromosomes ha)e ma"y& 12) $" =ka5aki !ragme"t has .hich o! the !ollo.i"g arra"geme"ts/ 12) _____ $) ,> *N$ " cleoti#es; (N$ " cleoti#es 2> B) primase; polymerase; ligase ') (N$ polymerase ?; (N$ polymerase ??? () 2> (N$ to ,> E) 2> *N$ " cleoti#es; (N$ " cleoti#es ,>
13) -hich e"5yme cataly5es the elo"gatio" o! a (N$ stra"# i" the 2> ,> #irectio"/
13) _____ $) helicase B) primase ') topoisomerase () (N$ polymerase ??? E) (N$ ligase
14) -hat is the ! "ctio" o! (N$ polymerase ???/ 14) _____ $) to ".i"# the (N$ helix # ri"g replicatio" B) to seal together the broke" e"#s o! (N$ stra"#s ') to re:oi" the t.o (N$ stra"#s 8o"e "e. a"# o"e ol#) a!ter replicatio" () to a## " cleoti#es to the ,> e"# o! a gro.i"g (N$ stra"# E) to #egra#e #amage# (N$ molec les 16) -hat is the role o! (N$ ligase i" the elo"gatio" o! the laggi"g stra"# # ri"g (N$ replicatio"/ 16) _____ $) ?t cataly5es the le"gthe"i"g o! telomeres& B) ?t ".i"#s the pare"tal #o ble helix& ') ?t sy"thesi5es *N$ " cleoti#es to make a primer& () ?t :oi"s =ka5aki !ragme"ts together& E) ?t stabili5es the ".o "# pare"tal (N$& 17) ?! a cell .ere "able to pro# ce histo"e protei"s; .hich o! the !ollo.i"g .o l# be a likely e!!ect/ 17) _____ $) $mpli!icatio" o! other ge"es .o l# compe"sate !or the lack o! histo"es& B) Spi"#le !ibers .o l# "ot !orm # ri"g prophase& ') +se #oge"es .o l# be tra"scribe# to compe"sate !or the #ecrease# protei" i" the cell& () There .o l# be a" i"crease i" the amo "t o! 9satellite9 (N$ pro# ce# # ri"g ce"tri! gatio"& E) The cell>s (N$ co l#">t be packe# i"to its " cle s& 20) The lactose opero" is likely to be tra"scribe# .he" 20) _____ $) there is gl cose b t "o lactose i" the cell& B) the cyclic $M+ le)els are lo.& ') the c$M+ le)el is high a"# the lactose le)el is lo.& () there is more gl cose i" the cell tha" lactose& E) the cyclic $M+ a"# lactose le)els are both high .ithi" the cell& 21) $lter"ati)e *N$ splici"g 21) _____ $) i"creases the rate o! tra"scriptio"& B) is # e to the prese"ce or abse"ce o! partic lar s"*N+s& ') is a mecha"ism !or i"creasi"g the rate o! tra"scriptio"& () ca" allo. the pro# ctio" o! similar protei"s !rom #i!!ere"t *N$s& E) ca" allo. the pro# ctio" o! protei"s o! #i!!ere"t si5es a"# ! "ctio"s !rom a si"gle m*N$& 22) ?" compari"g (N$ replicatio" .ith *N$ tra"scriptio" i" the same cell; .hich o! the !ollo.i"g is tr e o"ly o! replicatio"/ 22) _____ $) ?t ses *N$ polymerase& B) ?t makes a "e. molec le !rom its 2> e"# to its ,> e"#& ') The process occ rs i" the " cle s o! a e karyotic cell& () The e"tire template molec le is represe"te# i" the pro# ct& E) The process is extremely !ast o"ce it is i"itiate#& 2,) =! the !ollo.i"g; .hich is the most c rre"t #escriptio" o! a ge"e/ 2,) _____ $) a "it o! here#ity that ca ses !ormatio" o! a phe"otypic characteristic B) a (N$ s b "it that co#es !or a si"gle complete protei" ') a (N$-*N$ se% e"ce combi"atio" that res lts i" a" e"5ymatic pro# ct () a #iscrete "it o! here#itary i"!ormatio" that co"sists o! a se% e"ce o! ami"o aci#s E) a (N$ se% e"ce that is expresse# to !orm a ! "ctio"al pro# ct either *N$ or polypepti#e
24) -hich o! the !ollo.i"g stateme"ts is tr e abo t protei" sy"thesis i" prokaryotes/ 24) _____ $) +rokaryotic cells ha)e complicate# mecha"isms !or targeti"g protei"s to the appropriate cell lar orga"elles& B) Exte"si)e *N$ processi"g is re% ire# be!ore prokaryotic tra"scripts ca" be tra"slate#& ') Tra"slatio" re% ires a"tibiotic acti)ity& () 0"like e karyotes; prokaryotes re% ire "o i"itiatio" or elo"gatio" !actors& E) Tra"slatio" ca" begi" .hile tra"scriptio" is still i" progress& 22) -hich o! the !ollo.i"g is the !irst e)e"t to take place i" tra"slatio" i" e karyotes/ 22) _____ $) co)ale"t bo"#i"g bet.ee" the !irst t.o ami"o aci#s B) base pairi"g o! acti)ate# methio"i"e-t*N$ to $01 o! the messe"ger *N$ ') bi"#i"g o! the larger ribosomal s b "it to smaller ribosomal s b "its () elo"gatio" o! the polypepti#e E) the small s b "it o! the ribosome recog"i5es a"# attaches to the 2> cap o! m*N$ 23) -hat is the ! "ctio" o! the release !actor 8*<)/ 23) _____ $) ?t releases the ribosome !rom the E* to allo. polypepti#es i"to the cytosol& B) ?t separates t*N$ i" the $ site !rom the gro.i"g polypepti#e& ') ?t bi"#s to the stop co#o" i" the $ site i" place o! a t*N$& () ?t s pplies a so rce o! e"ergy !or termi"atio" o! tra"slatio"& E) ?t releases the ami"o aci# !rom its t*N$ to allo. the ami"o aci# to !orm a pepti#e bo"#& 24) Tra"scriptio" !actors i" e karyotes s ally ha)e (N$ bi"#i"g #omai"s as .ell as other #omai"s that are also speci!ic !or bi"#i"g& ?" ge"eral; .hich o! the !ollo.i"g .o l# yo expect ma"y o! them to be able to bi"#/ 24) _____ $) t*N$ B) repressors ') $T+ () protei"-base# hormo"es E) other tra"scriptio" !actors 26) $llolactose; a" isomer o! lactose; is !orme# i" small amo "ts !rom lactose& $" E. coli cell is prese"te# !or the !irst time .ith the s gar lactose 8co"tai"i"g allolactose) as a pote"tial !oo# so rce& -hich o! the !ollo.i"g occ rs .he" the lactose e"ters the cell/ 26) _____ $) $llolactose bi"#s to the reg lator ge"e& B) *N$ polymerase attaches to the reg lator& ') $llolactose bi"#s to the repressor protei"& () The repressor protei" attaches to the reg lator& E) The repressor protei" a"# allolactose bi"# to *N$ polymerase& 27) -hat is the se% e"ce o! the m*N$ ma#e !rom the ge"e TT$'$11T''/ 27) _____ $) 11$1T11$'' B) 00$'$110'' ') $$010''$11 () $$T1T''$11 ,0) -hich o! the !ollo.i"g 9 "5ips9 the #o ble helix o! (N$/ ,0) _____ $) m*N$ B) *N$ polymerase ') a" a"tico#o" () t*N$
1) $ 2) $ ,) B 4) ' 2) B 3) B 4) ( 6) B 7) $ 10) B 11) $ 12) $ 1,) ( 14) E 12) E 13) ( 14) ( 16) ( 17) E 20) E 21) E 22) ( 2,) E 24) E 22) E 23) ' 24) E 26) ' 27) ' ,0)