PSORIASIS

Definition
-chronic noninfectious inflammatory disease of the skin in which epidermal cells are
produced at a rate that is about six to nine times faster than normal.

TYPE

Palaque psoriasis

Plaque psoriasis leads to skin patches that start off in small areas, about one-eighth
of an inch wide. They usually appear in the same areas on opposite sides of the
body. more occur on the elbows, knees , and lower back
Guttate Psoriasis

The patches are teardrop-shaped and appear suddenly, usually over the trunk and
often on the arms, legs, or scalp. They often disappear without treatment.
Inverse Psoriasis

Patches usually appear as smooth inflamed areas without a scaly surface. They
occur in the folds of the skin, such as under the armpits or breast, or in the groin.
Psoriatic Arthritis

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an inflammatory condition that leads to stiff, tender, and
inflamed joints. Estimates on its prevalence among those with psoriasis range from
2 - 42%. AIDS patients and those with severe psoriasis are at higher risk for
developing PsA.
Pustular psoriatic

Patches become pus-filled and blister-like. The blisters eventually turn brown and
form a scaly crust or peel off.
Pustules usually appear on the hands and feet. When they form on the palms and
soles, the condition is called palmar-plantar pustulosis.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Although the primary cause of psoriasis is unknown, a combination a specific

genetic makeup and environment stimuli may trigger the onset of diseases. Current
evidence supports an immunologic basis for the diseases. Periods of emotional
stress and anxiety aggravate the condition and trauma, infection and seasonal and
hormonal changes also are trigger factors.
 Epidermal cells are produced at a rate that is about six to nine times faster than
normal. The cells in the basal layer of the skin divide too quickly, and the newly
formed cells move so rapidly to the skin surface that they become evident as
profuse scales or plaques of epidermal tissue. The psoriatic epidermal cell may
travel from the basal cell layer of the epidermis to the sternum corneum and be
cast off in 3 to 4 days, which is in sharp contrast to the normal 26 to 28 days. As a
result of the increased number of basal cells and rapid cell passage, the normal
events of

CLINICAL MANIFESTATION

• Blister
• Weeping
• Arm rash
• Red cheek rash

RISK FACTOR
 Family history- Perhaps the most significant risk factor for psoriasis is having a family history of the
disease. About one in three people with psoriasis has a close relative who also has the condition.

 Other medical conditions- People with HIV are more likely to develop psoriasis than people with
healthy immune systems are. Children and young adults with recurring infections, particularly strep
throat, also may be at increased risk.

 Stress- Because stress can impact your immune system, high stress levels may increase your risk
of psoriasis.

 Obesity- Excess weight increases your risk of inverse psoriasis. In addition, plaques associated with
all types of psoriasis often develop in skin creases and folds.

 Smoking- Smoking tobacco not only increases your risk of psoriasis but also may increase the
severity of the disease. Smoking may also play a role in the initial development of the disease.

DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION

MEDICAL MANAGEMENT

NURSING MANAGAMENT

HEALTH EDUCATION

ECZEMA
DIAGNOSIS
Diseases in a form of dermatitis or inflammation of the epidermis . the term
eczema is broadly apllied to range of persistent skin condition.

TYPE

Atopic eczema- is an allergic diseases believed to have a hereditary

component and often runs in families whose members also have hay fever
and asthma. Itchy rash is particularly noticeable on head and scalp, neck,
inside of elbows, behind knees and buttocks.

Contact dermatitis – allergic- resulting form a delayed reaction to some

allergen such as poison ivy or nickel