Power Electronics Lab Manual

Daffodil International University
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Power Electronics Laboratory
Manual
Prepared by
Approved by
Professor Dr. M. Shamsul Alam Professor and Head
Md.Sihab Talukdar
Electronic and Telecommunication Engi.
Revision No. : 00
Date:
Power Electronics Lab Manual INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATE SAFETY: You are doing experiments in Power Electronics lab with high voltage and high current electric power. It may cause even a fatal or loss of energy of your body system. To avoid this please keep in mind the followings In case of any wrong observations, you have to SWITCH OFF the power supply related with it. You have to tuck in your shirts or wear an overcoat. You have to wear shoes compulsorily and stand on mats made by insulating materials to electrically isolate your body from the earth. ATTENDANCE: If you absent for a lab class then you have lost several things to learn. Laboratory should be treated as temple, which will decide your life. So don't fail to make your presence with your record notebook having completed experiments, observation with completed experiments, day's experiment particulars with required knowledge about it and stationeries. MAKING CONNECTIONS: Get circuit diagram approval from your staff in charge. Go to the respective worktable and start to give connection as per the circuit diagram from source side. Make series circuit connections before the parallel circuits like voltmeter connections. Before switch on the power, get circuit connection approval from the staff in charge. DOING EXPERIMENT: Start the experiment in the presence of an instructor / staff in-charge and do the same by proper procedure. If staff permits you then precede your experiment. OBSERVATION: Before take the wave forms calibrate the CRO. Note all the required readings in their respective tables. Note all the wave forms from the CRO. CALCULATION: Calculate the required quantities by suitable formulae and tabulate them with units. Draw the necessary graphs and write the result with reference. Get verification of observation and calculation from your staff in charge.
Power Electronics Lab Manual RECORD: Shows the performance of equipment and yourself. It will be very useful for future reference. So keep it as follows. Write neatly; as they have to be preserved enter the readings in the record notebook those have been written in your observation. Units should be written for all quantities. Draw necessary graphs and complete the record before coming to the next lab class. Don't forget to write the theory with precaution and inference of each experiment. MAY I HELP YOU 1. I will provide MatLab and Proteus Software 2. How to use the simulation mode for power electronic. 3. All experiment simulate by Proteus. 4. Some experiment simulate by MatLab. 5. I will help in initial level.
Power Electronics Lab Manual
CONTENTS
Sl.No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Name of the experiment VI CHARACTERISTICS OF SCR VI CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIAC VI CHARACTERISTICS OF MOSFET VI CHARACTERISTICS OF IGBT TRANSIENT CHARACTERISTICS OF MOSFET AND SCR SINGLE PHASE AC TO DC FULLY CONTROLLED CONVERTER SINGLE PHASE AC TO DC HALF CONTROLLED CONVERTER STEP DOWN MOSFET BASED CHOPPER STEP UP MOSFET BASED CHOPPER IGBT BASED SINGLE PHASE PWM INVERTER SERIES RESONANT DC-DC CONVERTER (ZERO CURRENT SWITCHING) PARALLEL RESONANT DC-DC CONVERTER (ZERO VOLTAGE SWITCHING) Page No. 5 11 17 23 27 33 40 45 49 53 59
12.
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Power Electronics Lab Manual VI CHARACTERISTICS OF SCR CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: VI Characteristics
1 Half wave Rectifier
Triggering Circuit for 1 Half wave Rectifier
Power Electronics Lab Manual VI CHARACTERISTICS OF SCR AIM: (i) To Conduct an experiment and obtain the anode forward conduction characteristics of the given SCR also find the latching and holding currents of the given SCR. (ii) To Demonstrate how a single-phase half wave rectifier circuit can be implemented using a given SCR, AC power source and RC firing circuit. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. Name of the item 1 SCR module 2 Ammeter 3 Ammeter 4 Voltmeter 5 Digital Multimeter 6 RC Firing Module 7 Rheostat 8 CRO 9 CRO probe 10 Patch Cards
Type TYN612 MC MC MC -
Range 600V,12A (0-100) mA (0-50) mA (0-30) V 220 -
Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10
Power Electronics Lab Manual MODEL GRAPH: VI CHARACTERISTICS OF SCR
1 HALF WAVE RECTIFIER
PRECAUTION: 1. The initial set gate current should be taken as minimum in order to take the consecutive readings. 2. Maximum anode current, anode-cathode voltage and gate current limit is 600mA, 30V and 20mA respectively 3. Before setting each gate current, keep the Anode to cathode voltage (VAK) as zero. PROCEDURE: VI Characteristics: 1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram. 2. Switch on the 230V AC supply through three-pin power chord. 3. Keep the gate current (IG) to a suitable value (say minimum of 4 mA to 5mA) 4. Now slowly increase the anode-cathode voltage (VAK) by varying the pot till thyristor get turned on, with the indication that anode cathode voltage decreases to it on state voltage drop (i.e 0.7V) and the anode current increases. 5. Note the values of voltmeter (VAK) which is the break over voltage and the ammeter (I L) which is the latching current value. 6. Further, increase the anode current in steps by varying the anode-cathode voltage and note the readings. 7. Now reduces the anode cathode voltage (VAK) till the thyristor turned off and find the holding current. 8. For various gate current take the readings and tabulate it. 9. Finally, a graph of anode current Vs anode-cathode voltage is plotted for various gate current.
TABULATION: VI Characteristics: S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 IG1 = VAK(V) IA(mA) VAK(V) IG2 = IA(mA) VAK(V) IG3 = IA(mA)
1 HALF WAVE RECTIFIER:
S.NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Firing angle
Practical Vavg (V)
Practical Iavg (A)
Theoretical Theoretical Vavg (V) Vrms
1 HALF WAVE RECTIFIER: 1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram. 2. Switch on the triggering circuit 3. Switch on the 24V AC supply 4. By varying potentiometer, vary the firing angle of the converter in order to vary the output voltage step by step. 5. For each step note down the firing angle, output voltage and load current. 6. The output voltage is theoretically calculated for each step and the readings are tabulated. INFERENCE:
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1. What is power electronics? 2. What are the types of converter in power electronics? 3. What is latching and holding current? 4. What is break over voltage? 5. What is forward bias and reverse bias? 6. What is firing angle? 7. Why the negative voltage is not possible in semi converter? 8. What is freewheeling diode?
RESULT:
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Power Electronics Lab Manual VI CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIAC CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: VI Characteristics
Single-phase A.C phase controller for illumination control
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Power Electronics Lab Manual VI CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIAC AIM: (i) To obtain the forward and reverse conduction characteristics of the given TRIAC also find the latching and holding currents of the given TRIAC. (ii) To demonstrate how a single- phase AC phase controller can be implemented for controlling the illumination of lamp, using given TRIAC and RC triggering circuit and draw the voltage wave form across the lamp. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Name of the item TRIAC module Ammeter Ammeter Voltmeter Voltmeter Ammeter Digital Multimeter Transformer CRO CRO Probe Patch Cards Type BTA 12 MC MC MC MI MI Range 600V,12A (0-100) mA (0-50) mA (0-30) V (0-300)V (0-500)mA 230/12V Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10
1. The initial set gate current should be taken as the value, for gate current for the consecutive readings. 2. Maximum triac current, voltage across the triac and gate current limit is 600mA, 30V and 20mA respectively. 3. To see the phase controlled converter output waveform, use a 230 / 12 V transformer for isolation purpose.
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Power Electronics Lab Manual MODEL GRAPH: VI CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIAC
Single-phase A.C phase controller for illumination control
13
Power Electronics Lab Manual PROCEDURE: VI Characteristics: 1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram with MT1 +Ve with respect to MT2. 2. Switch on the 230V AC supply through three-pin power chord. 3. Keep the gate current (IG) to a suitable value (say minimum of 4 mA to 5mA) 4. Now slowly increase the anode-cathode voltage (VAK) by varying the pot till Triac get turned on, with the indication that anode cathode voltage decreases to it's on state voltage drop (i.e 0.7V) and the anode current increases. 5. Note the values of voltmeter (VAK) which is the break over voltage and the ammeter (I L) which is the latching current value. 6. Further, increase the anode current in steps by varying the anode-cathode voltage and note the readings. 7. Now reduces the anode cathode voltage (VAK) till the triac turned off and find the holding current. 8. For various gate current take the readings and tabulate it. 9. Connect MT2 terminal of Triac is + Ve with respect to MT1 10. Repeat the same procedure from 2 to 8 11. Finally, a graph of anode current Vs anode-cathode voltage is plotted for various gate current for forward and reverse biases. Single-phase A.C phase controller for illumination control 1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram. 2. Switch on the 230 V, 50 Hz AC supply 3. By varying potentiometer, vary the firing angle of the converter in order to vary the output voltage there by the illumination of the lamp will be varied. 4. For each step note down the firing angle, ammeter reading, voltmeter reading and the output voltage waveform from and tabulate it. 5. Finally, the output voltage waveform is plotted and the theoretical RMS voltage is calculated.
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Power Electronics Lab Manual TABULATION: VI Characteristics: MT1 is + Ve with respect to MT2 S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 MT2 is + Ve with respect to MT1 IG1 = S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 Single-phase A.C phase controller S.No. 1 2345
Firing angle ( ) in degree I0RMS Measured in Amps V0RMS Measured in Volts V0RMS Calculated in Volts
IG1 = VAK(V) IA(mA) VAK(V)
IG2 = IA(mA) VAK(V)
IG3 = IA(mA)
IG2 = IA(mA) VAK(V) IA(mA) VAK(V)
IG3 = IA(mA)
VAK(V)
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INFERENCE:
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1. What is bidirectional device? 2. What is bipolar device? 3. What are the applications of phase controlled converter in home appliances? 4. What is the number and range of given triac? 5. What type of firing is used here? 6. How do you change the firing angle? 7. Draw the symbol of Triac.
RESULT:
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Power Electronics Lab Manual VI CHARACTERISTICS OF MOSFET
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
VI CHARACTERISTICS
17
Power Electronics Lab Manual VI CHARACTERISTICS OF MOSFET AIM: (i) Obtain the steady - state output - side characteristics and transfer characteristics of the given MOSFET, for a specified value of gate - source voltage. (ii) Identify whether given switch is MOSFET or IGBT by finding the outputside characteristics. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name of the item MOSFET module Ammeter Voltmeter Voltmeter CRO CRO Probe Patch Cards Type IRF 840 MC MC MC Range 600V,5A (0-100) mA (0-10)V (0-30) V Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 10
PRECAUTION: The initial set gate voltage should be taken as minimum in order to take the consecutive readings. PROCEDURE: DRAIN CHARACTERISTICS 1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram 2. Switch on the 230V AC supply through three-pin power chord.
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Power Electronics Lab Manual MODEL GRAPH: DRAIN CHARACTERISTICS
TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS
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Power Electronics Lab Manual 3. Keep the gate - source voltage (VGS) to a suitable value (say minimum of 6V to 7V) 4. Now slowly increase the drain-source voltage (VDS) by varying the pot till MOSFET get turned on, with the indication that drain-source voltage decreases to it on state voltage drop. 5. Note down the values of drain-source voltage (VDS) and the drain current (I D) 6. For various gate-source voltage take the different set of readings and tabulate it. 7. Finally, a graph of drain-source voltage (VDS) Vs drain current (ID) is plotted for various gate-source voltage. TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS 1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram 2. Switch on the 230V AC supply through three-pin power chord. 3. Keep the Drain - source voltage (VDS) to a suitable value 4. Now slowly increase the gate - source voltage (VGS) by varying the pot till MOSFET get turned on, with the indication that drain current getting constant value. 5. Note down the values of gate-source voltage (VGS) and the drain current (I D) 6. Finally, a graph of gate - source voltage (VGS) Vs drain current (ID) is plotted.
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Power Electronics Lab Manual TABULATION: Drain Characteristics: VGS1 = S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 VDS(V) ID(mA) VDS(V) VGS2 = ID(mA) VDS(V) VGS3 = ID(mA)
Transfer Characteristics: VDS = S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 VGS(V) ID(mA)
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Power Electronics Lab Manual INFERENCE:
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1. What is current control device? 2. What is voltage control device? 3. What is the number and range of given MOSFET? 4. Draw the symbol of MOSFET? 5. What is Transconductance? 6. How to find the output resistance?
RESULT:
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Power Electronics Lab Manual VI CHARACTERISTICS OF IGBT
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: VI CHARACTERISTICS
MODEL GRAPH:
23
Power Electronics Lab Manual VI CHARACTERISTICS OF IGBT AIM: (i) Obtain the steady - state output - side characteristics and transfer characteristics of the given IGBT, for a specified value of gate - source voltage. (ii) Identify whether given switch is MOSFET or IGBT by finding the outputside characteristics. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name of the item IGBT module Ammeter Voltmeter Voltmeter CRO CRO Probe Patch Cards Type IRGBC MC MC MC Range 600V,10A (0-100) mA (0-10)V (0-30) V Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 10
Where: IC = Change in collector current. VCE = Change in collector to emitter voltage PRECAUTION: The initial set gate voltage should be taken as minimum in order to take the consecutive readings. PROCEDURE: DRAIN CHARACTERISTICS 1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram 2. Switch on the 230V AC supply through three-pin power chord. 3. Keep the gate - emitter voltage (VGE) to a suitable value (say minimum of 6V to 7V)
24
Power Electronics Lab Manual TABULATION:
VGE1 = S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 VCE(V) IC(mA) VCE(V)
VGE2 = IC(mA) VCE(V)
VGE3 = IC(mA)
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Power Electronics Lab Manual 4. Now slowly increase the drain-source voltage (VDS) by varying the pot till MOSFET get turned on, with the indication that drain-source voltage decreases to it on state voltage drop. 5. Note down the values of drain-source voltage (VDS) and the drain current (I D) 6. For various gate-source voltage take the different set of readings and tabulate it. 7. Finally, a graph of drain-source voltage (VDS) Vs drain current (ID) is plotted for various gate-source voltage. INFERENCE:
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1. What is current control device? 2. What is voltage control device? 3. What is the number and range of given IGBT? 4. Draw the symbol of IGBT? 5. What are differences between Transistor, MOSFET and IGBT? 6. How to find the given device is whether MOSFET or IGBT?
RESULT:
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EE1303-Power Electronics Lab Manual TRANSIENT CHARACTERISTICS OF MOSFET AND SCR CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: FOR MOSFET
MATLAB CIRCUIT FOR MOSFET
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Power Electronics Lab Manual TRANSIENT CHARACTERISTICS OF MOSFET AND SCR
AIM: (i) Obtain and explain both turning 'ON' and turn 'OFF' characteristics of given SCR (ii) Obtain and explain both turning 'ON' and turn 'OFF' characteristics of given MOSFET. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. 1 Blocks Simulink i. Sink ii. Source Sim power system i. Measurements ii. Elements iii. Power electronics iV. Electrical source PROCEDURE: FOR MOSFET 1. Open MATLAB and open Simulink then create a new file (new module) 2. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram by taking the required items from the corresponding blocks. 3. According to the MOSFET, we should give the block parameter for MOSFET, RLC series branch, pulse generator and the scope. 4. Now simulate the circuit. The graph of Gate pulse, Drain current and drain to source voltage can be shown. 5. Finally the print out of the MATLAB circuit and the output is taken. MC MC Type Items Scope Pulse Generator Ammeter Voltmeter RLC series branch MOSFET SCR DC source Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
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FOR SCR
MATLAB CIRCUIT FOR SCR
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Power Electronics Lab Manual FOR SCR 1. Open MATLAB and open Simulink then create a new file (new module) 2. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram by taking the required items from the corresponding blocks. 3. According to the SCR, we should give the block parameter for SCR, RLC series branch, pulse generator and the scope. 4. Now simulate the circuit. The graph of Gate pulse, Anode current and anode to cathode voltage can be shown. 5. Finally the print out of the MATLAB circuit and the output is taken.
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Power Electronics Lab Manual MODEL GRAPH: FOR MOSFET
FOR SCR
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DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1. What is MATLAB? 2. What is a transient characteristic? 3. What is commutation? 4. Where the natural commutation is not possible in SCR? 5. What is the function of scope in MATLAB?
RESULT:
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Power Electronics Lab Manual SINGLE PHASE AC TO DC FULLY CONTROLLED CONVERTER CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR R LOAD
Model graph for R Load ( = 30, R=100 )
33
Power Electronics Lab Manual SINGLE PHASE AC TO DC FULLY CONTROLLED CONVERTER AIM: (i) To study the operation of single phase fully controlled bridge converter with R and R-L loads for continuous and discontinuous conduction modes. (ii) Also find the performance parameters (Rectification efficiency, form factor, peak inverse voltage and ripple factor) APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name of the item 1 SCR bridge module SCR Triggering Kit Ammeter Voltmeter CRO CRO Brobe Patch Cards Type TYN612 MC MC Range 600V,12A (0-500) mA (0-30) V Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 10
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Power Electronics Lab Manual CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR R-L LOAD
Model graph for R-L Load with continuous conduction ( = 30, R=100 , L=200mH)
Model graph for R-L Load with discontinuous conduction ( = 90, R=100 , L=200mH)
35
Power Electronics Lab Manual General Formula: 5. Rectification efficiency 6. Form factor 7. Peak inverse voltage 8. Ripple factor Where Vm = maximum or peak voltage in volts = Vs = Supply voltage in volts = Firing angle = Extinction angle = Conduction angle = Procedure: 1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram for R load 2. Switch on the triggering kit 3. Switch on the 230 V AC supply 4. Switch on the debounce logic 5. By varying potentiometer vary the firing angle of the converter in order to vary the output voltage step by step. 6. For each step note down the firing angle, output voltage and load current. 7. The output voltage is theoretically calculated for each step and the readings are tabulated. 8. Repeat the same procedure for RL load. % Vd2c
2
Vrms FF Vrms V dc PIV Vm RF FF 2 1
2Vs
36
Power Electronics Lab Manual Tabulation for R load: Vs= S.No. Firing Angle in degree Idc Measured in milliamps Vdc Measured in volts R= Vdc Calculated in volts Vrms Calculated in volts
Tabulation for RL load: Vs= S.No. Firing Angle in degree R= L= = Vrms Calculated in volts
Idc Measured Vdc Measured Vdc Calculated in milliamps in volts in volts Continuous conduction
Discontinuous conduction
37
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. What is inversion mode of operation? When we connect a freewheeling diode in full converter, what will be the output? Why the inversion mode is not possible in semi converter? Why the power factor of full converter is lower than semi converter? What is , , and?
RESULT:
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Power Electronics Lab Manual SINGLE PHASE AC TO DC HALF CONTROLLED CONVERTER
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR R LOAD
Model graph for R Load ( = 30, R=100 )
39
Power Electronics Lab Manual SINGLE PHASE AC TO DC HALF CONTROLLED CONVERTER AIM: (i) To study the operation of single phase semi converter with R and R-L loads for continuous and discontinuous conduction modes. (ii) Also find the performance parameters (Rectification efficiency, form factor, peak inverse voltage and ripple factor) APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Name of the item SCR module with protection Diode module with protection SCR Triggering Kit Battery Ammeter Voltmeter CRO CRO Brobe Patch Cards Type TYN612 BY126 MC MC Range 600V,12A 12V (0-500) mA (0-30) V Quantity 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 10
FORMULA USED: For R and RL load continuous & discontinuous conduction: 1. Average dc output voltage V is dc V Vm (1 cos ) dc
12
2. RMS output voltage is Vrms General Formula:
Vrms Vm Vd2
c
1 2
s in 2 2
3. Rectification efficiency 4. Form factor 5. Peak inverse voltage 6. Ripple factor Where Vm = maximum or peak voltage in volts = Vs = Supply voltage in v
%2
Vrms
FF Vrms Vdc PIV Vm RF FF 2 1
2Vs
40
Power Electronics Lab Manual CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR R-L LOAD
Model graph for R-L Load with continuous conduction ( = 30, R=100 , L=100mH)
Model graph for R-L Load with discontinuous conduction ( = 90, R=100 , L=100mH)
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Power Electronics Lab Manual Procedure: 1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram for RL load 2. Switch on the triggering kit 3. Switch on the 230V AC supply 4. Switch on the debounce logic 5. By varying potentiometer vary the firing angle of the converter in order to vary the output voltage step by step. 6. For each step note down the firing angle, output voltage and load current. 7. The output voltage is theoretically calculated for each step and the readings are tabulated. 8. Repeat the same procedure for RL load.
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Power Electronics Lab Manual Tabulation for R load: Vs= S.No. Firing Angle in degree Idc Measured in milliamps Vdc Measured in volts R= Vdc Calculated in volts Vrms Calculated in volts
Tabulation for RL load:
S.No.
Firing Angle in degree
Idc Measured Vdc Measured Vdc Calculated in milliamps in volts in volts Continuous conduction
Vrms Calculated in volts
Discontinuous conduction
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DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1. What is power electronics? 2. What are the types of converter in power electronics? 3. What is firing angle? 4. What is active load? 5. Why the negative voltage is not possible in semi converter? 6. What is freewheeling diode? 7. Is a separate freewheeling diode necessary for semi converter? Justify your answer.
RESULT:
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Power Electronics Lab Manual STEP DOWN MOSFET BASED CHOPPER
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
MODEL GRAPH
45
Power Electronics Lab Manual STEP DOWN MOSFET BASED CHOPPER AIM: To study the waveform for MOSFET based step down chopper for different load for continuous and discontinuous conduction modes. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Name of the item MOSFET Module Ammeter Voltmeter Rheostat RPS CRO CRO Probe Patch cards Type IRF 840 MC MC Range (0-500mA) (0-30V) (0-30V) Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -
FORMULA USED: 1. Average dc output voltage Vdc is 2. RMS output voltage Vrms is Where: = Duty cycle of the chopper TON = on time T = Total time Procedure: 1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram. 2. Switch on the RPS and turn on triggering kit 3. Switch on the debounce logic 4. By changing the width of the pulse, obtain the different set of reading. 5. For each step note down the duty cycle, output voltage and load current and tabulate it. 6. The output voltage is theoretically calculated. 7. Draw the graph as per the reading in the table. TON T VdcVs Vrms Vs
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TABULATION: Vs= S.No. TON in ms = TON T Idc (Avg) Measured in mA T= Vdc (Avg) Measured in volts Vdc (Avg) Calculated in volts Vdc Vs
1 2 3 4 5
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DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. What is chopper and what are the devices generally used for chopper? What are the types of chopper? What is step down chopper? What are the control strategies used for choppers? Why frequency modulation is not preferred mostly? Why thyristor is not preferred in chopper circuit mostly?
RESULT:
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Power Electronics Lab Manual STEP UP MOSFET BASED CHOPPER
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Model graph for step up operation
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Power Electronics Lab Manual STEP UP MOSFET BASED CHOPPER AIM: To study the waveform for MOSFET based step up chopper for different load for continuous and discontinuous conduction modes. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Name of the item MOSFET Module Ammeter Voltmeter Rheostat RPS Diode Inductor CRO CRO Probe Patch cards Type IRF 840 MC MC Py 127 Ferrite core Range (0-500mA) (0-30V) (0-30V) 100mH Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -
FORMULA USED: Average dc output voltage Vdc is Where: = Duty cycle of the chopper TON = on time T = Total time PROCEDURE: 1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram 2. Switch on the RPS and turn on triggering kit 3. Switch on the debounce logic 4. By changing the width of the pulse, obtain the different set of reading. 5. For each step note down the duty cycle, output voltage and load current and tabulate it. 6. The output voltage is theoretically calculated for each step. 7. Draw the graph as per the reading in the table. TON T Vdc Vs 1-
50
TABULATION: Vs= S.No. T=
TON in ms
= TON T
Idc (Avg) Measured in mA
Vdc (Avg) Measured in volts
Vdc (Avg) Calculated in volts Vdc Vs 1
1 2 3 4 5
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DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. What is chopper and what are the devices generally used for chopper? What are the types of chopper? What is step up chopper? What are the control strategies used for choppers? Why frequency modulation is not preferred mostly? Why thyristor is not preferred in chopper circuit mostly?
RESULT:
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Power Electronics Lab Manual IGBT BASED SINGLE PHASE PWM INVERTER
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
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Power Electronics Lab Manual IGBT BASED SINGLE PHASE PWM INVERTER AIM: To study the operation of single-phase bridge inverter with sinusoidal pulse width modulation with R load. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Name of the item IGBT Module Inverter control module CRO Ammeter Voltmeter Patch cards Type MI MI Range (0-5A) (0-300V) Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 -
FORMULA USED: 1. Modulation index (m) is 2. Output voltage Where Ar = Amplitude of reference signal Ac = Amplitude of carrier signal Vs = Source voltage m = Ar / Ac V0 = m V s
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Power Electronics Lab Manual Model graph Sinusoidal Pulse width modulation
Voltage and current waveforms
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Power Electronics Lab Manual Precaution: 1. Check whether AC main switch is off condition in both the trainer. 2. Check whether control module mode selector switch is in first position (Sine wave). 3. Check whether control module pulse release switch SW4 in control module is off position. 4. Check whether 24V AC switch is in off position. Procedure: 1. Make the connection as per the circuit diagram. 2. Switch on the AC main in both the trainer. 3. Measure the amplitude and frequency of sine wave and carrier triangular wave and tabulate it. Also adjust sine wave frequency to 50Hz. 4. Connect CRO probe to observe the load voltage and load current waveform. 5. Release the switch SW4 in the inverter control module and switch SW1 in the IGBT power module. 6. Measure the output voltage. 7. Using the amplitude POT to vary step by step, for each step note down the amplitude and frequency of sine wave and triangular waveform and also measure the output voltage and tabulate it. 8. Then find the theoretical output voltage by using the formula.
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Power Electronics Lab Manual Tabulation: Vs= S.No. Amplitude Amplitude Modulation of carrier of index triangular reference m= Ar/Ac wave sine wave (Ac) in (Ar) in volts volts 1 2345 6 I0 V0 Measured Measured in Amps in Volts V0 Calculated in Volts V0 = m X V s
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INFERENCE:
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. What is inverter? Why we go for PWM? What are the different types of PWM? What is modulation index and what are the types? What are the advantages of IGBT?
RESULT:
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Power Electronics Lab Manual SERIES RESONANT DC-DC CONVERTER (ZERO CURRENT SWITCHING) CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
MODEL GRAPH:
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Power Electronics Lab Manual SERIES RESONANT DC-DC CONVERTER (ZERO CURRENT SWITCHING) AIM: To determine the voltage and current wave form of series resonant dc-dc converter (Zero current switching). APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Name of the item Resonant converter module Ammeter Voltmeter CRO CRO Brobe Patch Cards Type VPET-315 MC MC Range (0-2) A (0-30) V Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 10
FORMULA USED: Frequency f 1 Hz T Where: T= Time f = Frequency PRECAUTIONS: Initially keep the frequency adjustment POT in minimum position PROCEDURE: 1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram. 2. Initially keep frequency adjustment POT in minimum position. 3. Switch on the main supply 4. Connect the "P" Pin connector from PWM output and PWM input\ 5. Connect the banana connector P10 to P4 , P8 to P11 6. Connect the current sensing resistor (1 to P3. 7. The voltmeter is connected across P5 and P12 / 20 W) across the banana connector P2
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TABULATION:
S.No. 1 2 3 4 5
Time (ms)
Switching Frequency (KHz)
Output Voltage (V)
Output Current (A)
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Power Electronics Lab Manual 8. Connected the R load across P5 and P12 through ammeter. 9. Adjust the frequency POT and set switching frequency 40KHz. 10. Connect the CRO across the connector T1 (+) and ground. Another channel is connected to P2 (+), P3 (-) 11. Now observe the switch voltage and current wave. 12. Similarly observe the switch voltage and current waveform for various switching frequency. INFERENCE:
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1. What is resonance? 2. What is the condition for resonance? 3. What are the advantages of resonant converter? 4. What is soft switching? 5. What types of resonant converter? 6. What is zero current switching? 7. What is zero voltage switching?
RESULT:
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Power Electronics Lab Manual PARALLEL RESONANT DC-DC CONVERTER (ZERO VOLTAGE SWITCHING)
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
MODEL GRAPH:
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Power Electronics Lab Manual PARALLEL RESONANT DC-DC CONVERTER (ZERO VOLTAGE SWITCHING) AIM: To determine the voltage and current wave form of parallel resonant dc-dc converter (Zero voltage switching). APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Name of the item Resonant converter module Ammeter Voltmeter CRO CRO Brobe Patch Cards Type VPET-315 MC MC Range (0-2) A (0-30) V Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 10
FORMULA USED: Frequency f 1 Hz T Where: T= Time f = Frequency PRECAUTIONS: Initially keep the frequency adjustment POT in minimum position PROCEDURE: 1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram. 2. Initially keep frequency adjustment POT in minimum position. 3. Switch on the main supply 4. Connect the "9" Pin connector from PWM output and PWM input\ 5. Connect the banana connector P10 to P4, P8 to P11 6. Connect the current sensing resistor (1 to P3. 7. The voltmeter is connected across P5 and P12 / 20 W) across the banana connector P2
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TABULATION:
Switching S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 Time (ms) Frequency (KHz)
Output Voltage (V)
Output Current (A)
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8. Connected the R load across P5 and P12 through ammeter. 9. Adjust the frequency POT and set switching frequency 40KHz. 10. Connect the CRO across the connector T1 (+) and ground. Another channel is connected to P2 (+), P3 (-) 11. Now observe the switch voltage and current wave. 12. Similarly observe the switch voltage and current waveform for various switching frequency. INFERENCE:
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1. What is resonance? 2. What is the condition for resonance? 3. What are the advantages of resonant converter? 4. What is soft switching? 5. What types of resonant converter? 6. What is zero current switching? 7. What is zero voltage switching?
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Daffodil International University

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Power Electronics Laboratory

Daffodil International University

Daffodil International University

Daffodil International University