Edited by Asaraf Maimon

TRA205-0003EN Rev.E 01.12

MAIN PARAMETERS

Main Parameters

Pressure
Temperature

Time
Ti

What is sterilization?

Sterilization is the process where the goal is to reach a sterile condition of the instruments
The keyword is sterile
EN556
EN
556 gives a definition of sterile
sterile:: Condition of a medical device that is free from viable micro
organisms
The scientific expression for free from micro organisms is defined as well in EN
EN556
556
th theoretical
the
th ti l probability
b bilit off th
there bbeing
i a viable
i bl micro
i organism
i presentt on th
the medical
di l ddevice
i shall
h ll bbe
equal or less than one in a million.
million.

Why Sterilization?

To kill micro organisms

To prevent crosscross-infection
To protect personnel and patient

History of micro organisms

1670: Van Leeuwenhoek

Leeuwenhoek discovers great numbers of bacteria's
bacteria s
1862: Pasteur proves that:
Bacteria's multiply by dividing
Infection is air
born
Boiling kills the bacteria
1870: Bastian concludes that 100 C is not killing all the bacteria
1880: Chamberland manufactures the first autoclave to boil on more than 100 C

Various Micro Organisms

Animal-like : Malaria and Hepatitis

Vegetable-like:
Mould (10 times the size of a bacteria)
Bacteria (10 times the size of a virus)
Bacillus or spores (high resistant bacteria)
Viruses: Needs living

material to multiply
3

Multiplication of Micro Organisms

0-7 C:

10-50 C:

62-100 C:

Relatively no multiplication

Ideal for the multiplication

Most bacteria's die off

100-120 C: Spores die off at WET HEAT

Dry Heat
Heat:
Oxidation of the
micro organism

Steam
Steam:
Coagulation of the
micro organism

How to sterilize
Plasma-Low
PlasmaTemperature:
Chemical reaction

Ethylene Oxide:
C
Chemical
reaction
5

Saturated Steam

Pressure Temperature Relation:

- 1.0 bar
120 C
- 1.1
1 1 bar
121 C
- 2.0 bar
- 2.2 bar

134 C
135 C

Minimum Holdingg Time

re
Time relation
- 134 to 138 C - 121 to 124 C - 105 to 108 C -

3 Minutes
15 Minutes
2 Hours

Air & Steam

Where theres air, theres no steam

Where theres no steam, theres no sterilization
Air obstructs the temperature from rising

Air Removal

Since air is causing a problem, the air

removal is an important part of the
sterilization process
Two removal principles:
Gravity autoclaves
Pre-vacuum autoclaves

Gravity Principle

Steam production in vessel

Steam rises and pushes up the air
Air escapes through a valve at the top of the vessel
Sterilization conditions are reached
Temperature and pressure are maintained for a fixed period of time
In ggravityy autoclaves 5-10% of air left

Pre-Vacuum Principle

Air removal through vacuum pump

Steam production or steam injection in vessel
Sterilization conditions are reached
Temperature and pressure are maintained for a fixed period of time
In pre-vacuum autoclaves 1% of air left

Piping Diagram

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

PIPE -STAND BY

18

PIPE -STAND BY

19

PIPE -STAND BY

20

PIPE -STAND BY

21

PIPE - VACUUM

22

PIPE - PRESSURE

23

PIPE - REDUCE

24

PIPE - STERILIZATION

25

PIPE - LEAR VACUUM

26

Please find what is wrong here?

27

Horizontal Autoclave 515196-2V-EP-IFC-BH-P

28

Control System Cat 2007

29

The Main Board

Contains the electronic microcontroller system,
y , which controls and monitors the pphysical
y
pparameters of the pprocess
and performs the operation sequence of the machine according to the selected program.
The dimensions of the main board are 30x15x10cm.
The main board contains the following elements:
16 digital inputs
24 digital outputs
6 PT 100 inputs
7 Inputs of 4 20Ma to read pressure/sensor for another 4-20Ma
voltage inputs for the electrode for water level
2 analog outputs of 4 20mA
Serial ports
CPU or a number of CPUs.
At least 2 ADC's for reading temperature and pressure sensors.
Each ADC maintains at least 3 temperature sensors (PT100),
(
) and 3 pressure sensors (4
( 20mA).
)
All connections to the main board are via rigid contactors for quick, efficient and dismantling and transport.

30

31

32

33

AC POWER CONNECTION

34

DIGITAL INPUT

35

PT100 INPUT

36

PRESSURE TRANSDUCER INPUT

37

INPUTS CONNECTION

38

VALVES CONNECTION

39

Electric control horizontal autoclave with two sliding doors

40

CONTROL AND MONITORING

CONTROL AND MONITORING

41

4.1 Description of Panel CAT 2007

The Operation Panel is composed of the following parts:
4 rows display, 20 characters in each row.
18 key pads
2 LED's (Fail, Run)
1 locking
l ki kkey
4.1.1 Keypad
STANDBY

The ON/ST.BY key is located on the top right side of the panel. Pressing the keypad lights up the operation panel.
Wh there
When
th are 2 panels,
l bboth
th lilight
ht up even th
thoughh onlyl one was pushed.
hd
The 3 Command Keypads
F1-3: Functions 1-3

F1
F2
F3
These keypads are found under the display. The function to be performed will be listed on the display above the keypad.

42

10 Digit keypads
These keypads are used for 2 purposes.
In normal working conditions, the program option is used pressing on the number keypad, for example no. 3 selects program
3.
Under display mode, the keypads will be used as number keypads to enter a code or a number.
4.3.4 Changing Cycle Parameters
The screen that allows for parametric changes appears as follows:

Pressingg Clear or Enter before enteringg the code returns to the Stand Byy screen,, and the RUN & FAIL LED's are lit.
Enter the correct code only via the UP/DN keypads, press ENTER to proceed to the next screen.
Pressing the UP/DN keypads can also change all parameter values.
Cycle Setup Parameters:
Code 1 or 11 Parameters
43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

Steam Generator

52

Steam Generation

53

54

Electrical Drawing 36 kW

55

GENERATOR CONTROL ELECTRICAL DIAGRAM 2 SETS OF HEATERS WITH NEUTRAL

56

Limit Control Pressure Switch

To set the cut-off pressure, turn the bronze-colored pressure switch knob. Turn it
clockwise to decrease pressure and counter-clockwise to increase the pressure.
The pressure switch will be set to a cut-off
cut off pressure of 5 Bars.
Bars

57

Door Type

58

VERTICAL SLIDING DOOR

Vertical Sliding Door

59

60

PNEUMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM DRAWING

61

88

62

63

General Information

64

Steam Graph
(Temperature\ Pressure)

65

Steam Tables
Imperial Units

Steam Tables
Metric SI Units

66

5
InHg
2.95
4.44
5.90
7.39
8.86
10.34
11.81
13.30
14.76
psig
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.9
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.4

psia
1.5
2.2
2.9
3.6
4.4
5.1
5.8
6.5
7.3
psia
14.7
14.8
14.8
14.9
14.9
15.0
15.0
15.1
15.1
15.2
15.2
15.3
15.4
15.4
15.5
15.5
15.6
15.6
15.7
15.7
15.8
15.8
15.9
16.0
16.1
16.1
16.2
16.2
16.3
16.4
16.4
16.5
16.5
16.6
16.6
16.7
16.8
16.8
16.9
16.9
17.0
17.1

F
212.0
212.2
212.4
212.5
212.7
212.9
213.1
213.3
213.4
213.6
213.8
214.0
214.2
214.3
214.5
214.7
214.9
215.1
215.2
215.4
215.6
215.8
216.0
216.3
216.5
216.7
216.9
217.0
217.2
217.4
217.6
217.8
217.9
218.1
218.3
218.5
218.7
218.8
219.0
219.2
219.4
219.6

F
114.5
129.3
140.2
149.1
156.4
162.9
168.6
173.8
178.4
kPa
101.4
102.0
102.0
102.7
102.7
103.4
103.4
104.1
104.1
104.8
104.8
105.5
106.2
106.2
106.9
106.9
107.6
107.6
108.2
108.2
108.9
108.9
109.6
110.3
111.0
111.0
111.7
111.7
112.4
113.1
113.1
113.8
113.8
114.5
114.5
115.1
115.8
115.8
116.5
116.5
117.2
117.9

kPa
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
C
100.0
100.1
100.2
100.3
100.4
100.5
100.6
100.7
100.8
100.9
101.0
101.1
101.2
101.3
101.4
101.5
101.6
101.7
101.8
101.9
102.0
102.1
102.2
102.4
102.5
102.6
102.7
102.8
102.9
103.0
103.1
103.2
103.3
103.4
103.5
103.6
103.7
103.8
103.9
104.0
104.1
104.2

C
45.8
54.1
60.1
65.0
68.9
72.7
75.9
78.8
81.3

psia
17.1
17.2
17.2
17.3
17.4
17.4
17.5
17.5
17.6
17.7
17.7
17.8
17.8
17.9
18.0
18.0
18.1
18.2
18.2
18.3
18.3
18.4
18.5
18.5
18.6
18.6
18.7
18.8
18.9
18.9
19.0
19.0
19.1
19.2
19.3
19.3
19.4
19.4
19.5
19.6
19.6
19.7
19.8
19.8
19.9
19.9
20.0
20.1
20.2
20.3
20.3
20.4
20.4

psig
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.0
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.8
3.9
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.3
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.6
4.7
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.9
5.0
5.1
5.1
5.2
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.6
5.7
5.7

Pressure vs Temperature for Saturated Steam

F
219.7
219.9
220.1
220.3
220.5
220.6
220.8
221.0
221.2
221.4
221.5
221.7
221.9
222.1
222.3
222.4
222.6
222.8
223.0
223.2
223.3
223.5
223.7
223.9
224.1
224.2
224.4
224.6
224.8
225.0
225.1
225.3
225.5
225.7
225.9
226.0
226.2
226.4
226.6
226.8
226.9
227.1
227.3
227.5
227.7
227.8
228.0
228.2
228.4
228.6
228.7
228.9
229.1

kPa
117.9
118.6
118.6
119.3
120.0
120.0
120.7
120.7
121.3
122.0
122.0
122.7
122.7
123.4
124.1
124.1
124.8
125.5
125.5
126.2
126.2
126.9
127.6
127.6
128.2
128.2
128.9
129.6
130.3
130.3
131.0
131.0
131.7
132.4
133.1
133.1
133.8
133.8
134.4
135.1
135.1
135.8
136.5
136.5
137.2
137.2
137.9
138.6
139.3
140.0
140.0
140.7
140.7

C
104.3
104.4
104.5
104.6
104.7
104.8
104.9
105.0
105.1
105.2
105.3
105.4
105.5
105.6
105.7
105.8
105.9
106.0
106.1
106.2
106.3
106.4
106.5
106.6
106.7
106.8
106.9
107.0
107.1
107.2
107.3
107.4
107.5
107.6
107.7
107.8
107.9
108.0
108.1
108.2
108.3
108.4
108.5
108.6
108.7
108.8
108.9
109.0
109.1
109.2
109.3
109.4
109.5

Pressure - Temperature Table for Saturated Steam

67

psig
5.8
5.9
5.9
6.0
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.3
6.4
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
7.0
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.7
7.8
7.9
8.0
8.1
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.7
8.8
8.9
9.0
9.0
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
9.7
9.8

psia
20.5
20.6
20.6
20.7
20.8
20.9
21.0
21.0
21.1
21.1
21.2
21.3
21.3
21.4
21.5
21.6
21.7
21.7
21.8
21.9
21.9
22.0
22.1
22.1
22.2
22.3
22.4
22.4
22.5
22.6
22.7
22.8
22.8
22.9
23.0
23.1
23.1
23.2
23.3
23.4
23.4
23.5
23.6
23.7
23.7
23.8
23.9
24.0
24.1
24.1
24.2
24.3
24.4
24.4
24.5

229.3
229.5
229.6
229.8
230.0
230.2
230.4
230.5
230.7
230.9
231.1
231.3
231.4
231.6
231.8
232.0
232.2
232.3
232.5
232.7
232.9
233.1
233.2
233.4
233.6
233.8
234.0
234.1
234.3
234.5
234.7
234.9
235.0
235.2
235.4
235.6
235.8
235.9
236.1
236.3
236.5
236.7
236.8
237.0
237.2
237.4
237.6
237.7
237.9
238.1
238.3
238.5
238.6
238.8
239.0

F
141.3
142.0
142.0
142.7
143.4
144.1
144.8
144.8
145.5
145.5
146.2
146.9
146.9
147.5
148.2
148.9
149.6
149.6
150.3
151.0
151.0
151.7
152.4
152.4
153.1
153.8
154.4
154.4
155.1
155.8
156.5
157.2
157.2
157.9
158.6
159.3
159.3
160.0
160.6
161.3
161.3
162.0
162.7
163.4
163.4
164.1
164.8
165.5
166.2
166.2
166.9
167.5
168.2
168.2
168.9

kPa
109.6
109.7
109.8
109.9
110.0
110.1
110.2
110.3
110.4
110.5
110.6
110.7
110.8
110.9
111.0
111.1
111.2
111.3
111.4
111.5
111.6
111.7
111.8
111.9
112.0
112.1
112.2
112.3
112.4
112.5
112.6
112.7
112.8
112.9
113.0
113.1
113.2
113.3
113.4
113.5
113.6
113.7
113.8
113.9
114.0
114.1
114.2
114.3
114.4
114.5
114.6
114.7
114.8
114.9
115.0

C
24.6
24.7
24.7
24.8
24.9
25.0
25.1
25.2
25.3
25.3
25.4
25.5
25.6
25.7
25.8
25.9
25.9
26.0
26.1
26.2
26.3
26.4
26.4
26.5
26.6
26.7
26.8
26.8
26.9
27.0
27.1
27.2
27.3
27.4
27.5
27.6
27.7
27.7
27.8
27.9
28.0
28.1
28.2
28.3
28.4
28.5
28.6
28.6
28.7
28.8
28.9
29.0
29.1
29.2
29.3

psia
9.9
10.0
10.0
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
10.6
10.6
10.7
10.8
10.9
11.0
11.1
11.2
11.2
11.3
11.4
11.5
11.6
11.7
11.7
11.8
11.9
12.0
12.1
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.5
12.6
12.7
12.8
12.9
13.0
13.0
13.1
13.2
13.3
13.4
13.5
13.6
13.7
13.8
13.9
13.9
14.0
14.1
14.2
14.3
14.4
14.5
14.6

psig
239.2
239.4
239.5
239.7
239.9
240.1
240.3
240.4
240.6
240.8
241.0
241.2
241.3
241.5
241.7
241.9
242.1
242.2
242.4
242.6
242.8
243.0
243.1
243.3
243.5
243.7
243.9
244.0
244.2
244.4
244.6
244.8
244.9
245.1
245.3
245.5
245.7
245.8
246.0
246.2
246.4
246.6
246.7
246.9
247.1
247.3
247.5
247.6
247.8
248.0
248.2
248.4
248.5
248.7
248.9

F
169.6
170.3
170.3
171.0
171.7
172.4
173.1
173.7
174.4
174.4
175.1
175.8
176.5
177.2
177.9
178.6
178.6
179.3
180.0
180.6
181.3
182.0
182.0
182.7
183.4
184.1
184.8
184.8
185.5
186.2
186.8
187.5
188.2
188.9
189.6
190.3
191.0
191.0
191.7
192.4
193.1
193.7
194.4
195.1
195.8
196.5
197.2
197.2
197.9
198.6
199.3
199.9
200.6
201.3
202.0

kPa
115.1
115.2
115.3
115.4
115.5
115.6
115.7
115.8
115.9
116.0
116.1
116.2
116.3
116.4
116.5
116.6
116.7
116.8
116.9
117.0
117.1
117.2
117.3
117.4
117.5
117.6
117.7
117.8
117.9
118.0
118.1
118.2
118.3
118.4
118.5
118.6
118.7
118.8
118.9
119.0
119.1
119.2
119.3
119.4
119.5
119.6
119.7
119.8
119.9
120.0
120.1
120.2
120.3
120.4
120.5

Pressure - Temperature Table for Saturated Steam

68

psia
29.4
29.5
29.5
29.6
29.7
29.8
29.9
30.0
30.1
30.3
30.5
30.5
30.6
30.7
30.8
31.0
31.0
31.1
31.2
31.3
31.4
31.5
31.6
31.7
31.8
31.8
31.9
32.0
32.1
32.2
32.3
32.4
32.5
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.8
32.9
33.0
33.1
33.3
33.4
33.5
33.6
33.7
33.8
33.9
34.0
34.1
34.2
34.3
34.4
34.5

psig
14.7
14.8
14.8
14.9
15.0
15.3
15.4
15.5
15.6
15.6
15.8
15.8
15.9
16.0
16.1
16.3
16.3
16.4
16.5
16.6
16.7
16.8
16.9
17.0
17.1
17.1
17.2
17.3
17.4
17.5
17.6
17.7
17.8
17.9
17.9
18.0
18.1
18.2
18.3
18.4
18.6
18.7
18.8
18.9
19.0
19.1
19.2
19.3
19.4
19.5
19.6
19.7
19.8

F
249.1
249.3
249.4
249.6
249.8
250.0
250.2
250.3
250.5
250.7
250.9
251.1
251.2
251.4
251.6
251.8
252.0
252.1
252.3
252.5
252.7
252.9
253.0
253.2
253.4
253.6
253.8
253.9
254.1
254.3
254.5
254.7
254.8
255.0
255.2
255.4
255.6
255.7
255.9
256.1
256.3
256.5
256.6
256.8
257.0
257.2
257.4
257.5
257.7
257.9
258.1
258.3
258.4

kPa
202.7
203.4
203.4
204.1
204.8
205.5
206.2
206.8
207.5
208.9
210.3
210.3
211.0
211.7
212.4
213.7
213.7
214.4
215.1
215.8
216.5
217.2
217.9
218.6
219.3
218.9
219.6
220.3
221.0
221.7
222.4
223.1
223.7
224.4
225.1
225.8
226.5
227.2
227.8
228.6
229.3
230.0
230.7
231.5
232.2
232.9
233.6
234.4
235.1
235.8
236.5
237.3
238.0

C
120.6
120.7
120.8
120.9
121.0
121.1
121.2
121.3
121.4
121.5
121.6
121.7
121.8
121.9
122.0
122.1
122.2
122.3
122.4
122.5
122.6
122.7
122.8
122.9
123.0
123.1
123.2
123.3
123.4
123.5
123.6
123.7
123.8
123.9
124.0
124.1
124.2
124.3
124.4
124.5
124.6
124.7
124.8
124.9
125.0
125.1
125.2
125.3
125.4
125.5
125.6
125.7
125.8

psia
34.6
34.7
34.8
34.9
35.0
35.1
35.3
35.4
35.5
35.6
35.7
35.8
35.9
36.0
36.1
36.2
36.5
36.5
36.6
36.7
36.8
36.9
37.0
37.1
37.2
37.4
37.5
37.6
37.7
37.8
37.9
38.0
38.1
38.3
38.4
38.5
38.6
38.7
38.8
39.0
39.1
39.2
39.3
39.4
39.5
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.5

psig
19.9
20.0
20.1
20.2
20.3
20.4
20.6
20.7
20.8
20.9
21.0
21.1
21.2
21.3
21.4
21.5
21.8
21.8
21.9
22.0
22.1
22.2
22.3
22.4
22.5
22.7
22.8
22.9
23.0
23.1
23.2
23.3
23.4
23.6
23.7
23.8
23.9
24.0
24.1
24.3
24.4
24.5
24.6
24.7
24.8
25.0
25.1
25.2
25.3
25.4
25.6
25.7
25.8

F
258.6
258.8
259.0
259.2
259.3
259.5
259.7
259.9
260.1
260.2
260.4
260.6
260.8
261.0
261.1
261.3
261.5
261.7
261.9
262.0
262.2
262.4
262.6
262.8
262.9
263.1
263.3
263.5
263.7
263.8
264.0
264.2
264.4
264.6
264.7
264.9
265.1
265.3
265.5
265.6
265.8
266.0
266.2
266.4
266.5
266.7
266.9
267.1
267.3
267.4
267.6
267.8
268.0

kPa
238.7
239.4
240.2
240.9
241.6
242.3
243.1
243.8
244.5
245.3
246.0
246.8
247.6
248.3
249.1
249.9
251.4
251.4
252.2
252.9
253.7
254.5
255.2
256.0
256.8
257.5
258.3
259.1
259.8
260.6
261.4
262.2
263.0
263.8
264.6
265.4
266.2
267.0
267.8
268.6
269.4
270.3
271.1
271.9
272.7
273.5
274.3
275.1
275.9
276.7
277.5
278.3
279.1

C
125.9
126.0
126.1
126.2
126.3
126.4
126.5
126.6
126.7
126.8
126.9
127.0
127.1
127.2
127.3
127.4
127.5
127.6
127.7
127.8
127.9
128.0
128.1
128.2
128.3
128.4
128.5
128.6
128.7
128.8
128.9
129.0
129.1
129.2
129.3
129.4
129.5
129.6
129.7
129.8
129.9
130.0
130.1
130.2
130.3
130.4
130.5
130.6
130.7
130.8
130.9
131.0
131.1

Pressure - Temperature Table for Saturated Steam

69

PT100 Resistance Table

PT100 Resistance Table

70