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The Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry1
The Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry1
The Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry1
1. It is better to prevent waste than to treat or c ean !" #aste a$ter it is $or%e&. '. S(nthetic %etho&s sho! & be &esi)ne& to maximize the incorporation of all materials !se& in the "rocess into the $ina "ro&!ct. *. Where+er "racticab e, synthetic methodologies sho! & be &esi)ne& to !se an& )enerate s!bstances that possess little or no toxicity to h!%an hea th an& the en+iron%ent. -. Che%ica "ro&!cts sho! & be &esi)ne& to preserve efficacy of function while reducing toxicity . .. The !se o$ auxiliary substances /e.). so +ents, se"aration a)ents, etc.0 should be made unnecessary whenever possible an&, innoc!o!s #hen !se&. 1. Energy requirements sho! & be reco)ni2e& $or their en+iron%enta an& econo%ic i%"acts an& should be minimized. S(nthetic %etho&s sho! & be con&!cte& at a%bient te%"erat!re an& "ress!re. 3. 4 ra# %ateria feedstock should be renewable rather than &e" etin) #hene+er technica ( an& econo%ica ( "ractica . 5. Unnecessary derivatization /b oc6in) )ro!", "rotection7&e"rotection, te%"orar( %o&i$ication o$ "h(sica 7che%ica "rocesses0 sho! & be avoided #hene+er "ossib e. 8. Catalytic reagents /as se ecti+e as "ossib e0 are superior to stoichio%etric rea)ents. 19. Che%ica products should be designed so that at the en& o$ their $!nction the( do not persist in the en+iron%ent an& break down into innocuous degradation products. 11. 4na (tica %etho&o o)ies ne e& to be $!rther &e+e o"e& to a o# $or real-time in-process monitoring and contro "rior to the $or%ation o$ ha2ar&o!s s!bstances. 1'. S!bstances an& the form of a substance !se& in a che%ica "rocess should chosen so as to minimize the potential for chemical accidents, including releases, explosions, and fires.
EXPO !"G T#$E"T TO G%EE" C&E'! T%( !n )***, $aryle +,sch, former president of the American Chemical ociety said -Green chemistry represents the pillars that hold ,p o,r s,staina.le f,t,re. !t is imperative to teach the val,e of green chemistry to tomorrow/s chemists