THERMAL SYSTEMS ANALYSIS

MARIA DEL PILAR MILLAN

COD: 67196

TERMODYNAMIC

INCCA UNIVERSITY OF COLOMBIA

FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
TERMODINAMIC
FEBRUARY 2014

OBJECTIVE
Check the behavior of isolated systems.
THEORETICAL BASIS
THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEMS
A system is a restricted region , not necessarily constant volume or fixed in space ,
where you can study the transfer and transfer of mass and energy.
Every system is limited by a contour, walls or boundaries of the system , which can
be real or imaginary . They are also called control surface.
The medium or environment is the closest part of the universe and that the system is
affected to some extent by the processes occurring in the system.
Types of systems
Depending on the wall , a system can be :

Closed is a region of constant mass , through its limits only energy transfer is
allowed . Mass control is called .
Open: in an open system and the mass transfer of energy across its boundaries is
possible, the mass contained in it is not necessarily constant . Control volume is
called , the boundary surface , which at least in part be permeable or imaginary
surface is called a control.
Isolated : An isolated system can not transfer matter or energy with rodeante
medium. The universe as a whole can be considered as an isolated system.
Types of system boundaries
Adiabatic , when they can not be traversed by the heat .
Diathermy , if they allow the transfer of heat .
Rigid , but allow the volume change .

A pot and covered with water pressure , limited by its outer surface is an isolated
system. If the pressure cooker is subjected to heating in an oven , initially behaves
as a closed system. When the pot " gives " due to vapor flow , is an open system .
You can not consider systems that exchange energy but not matter with its
surroundings, and that matter has an energy content implied .
A thermodynamic system is characterized by a number of variables called
thermodynamic variables or thermodynamic properties of the system . The values of
these variables are the thermodynamic state of the system, and therefore these
variables are also known as state variables . A change in the state of a system due
to an interaction with their environment results in changing at least one of its
properties .
One way to classify the state variables and external variables is as internal variables.
An external property is one whose value is independent of the substance that is
within the confines of the system but in the position in space of the system external
bodies , for example , the volume of a gas in a cylinder with a piston or a field
electric . An internal property is one whose value depends on the nature of the
medium of the system , for example , pressure , temperature or density . Properties
are independent of one another when the system will perform a state change such
that one of them varies while the other remains constant . The coupling of a system
with its environment is through external variables that determine the value of the
other variables, thus being the quintessential independent external variables. During
the phase change of a pure substance , the pressure and temperature remain
constant , being dependent , while the volume does change and can form with the
pressure or the temperature a couple of properties with which you can define the
system.
Another classification of the state variables depends on their dependence on mass :
extensive variables and intensive variables. Extensive depend on the mass and are
proportional to it , for example , the volume or mass . Intensive not depend on the
mass , for example , pressure or density . Within intensive magnitudes are also
considered specific and molar quantities , ie , extensive quantities referred to unit
mass or mole, respectively .

EXPERIMENTATION
Experimentation is performed on a system on an isolated research instrument a
thermos
MATERIALS
a) Thermo
b) Water
c) Refrigerator
PROCEDURE
a) Drinking water at a temperature of 80 C and immediately take the thermos
thermos close the lid.
b) Keep the heat for 40 minutes to the fridge which should be at a temperature of
0 C-4 C
c) Take final temperature and see if it is an isolated system

TABLA DE RESULTADOS

H2O INITIAL
TEMPERATU
RE

TEMPERAT
URE
REFRIGERA
TOR

WATER
VOLUME
ADDED

TIME PASSED

FINAL
WATER
TEMPERA
TURE
THERMO

FINAL
VOLUME

80C

2C

800 ml

40 minutos

80C

800 ml

The thermos if an isolated system because:

a) It is found that there was no change of matter or energy as the initial
temperature of 80 C was preserved in 40 minutes as the density of 800 ml
b) Room temperature was increased 1 C leaving the refrigerator temperature
3C
CONCLUSIONS
The thermos as an isolated system is defined as no change in matter or energy
contained by the container, however the heat if the temperature increases by
1 C.