Economic context and rationale behind issuing new bank licenses

In April, 2012 the Board of Directors of Bangladesh Bank approved licensing of nine new commercial
banks (three with NRB and six with indigenous sponsors). Since bank licenses were last issued in
2000-01, the Bangladesh economy has grown manifold, with consequent increase in financial service
needs. These include:

Within last one decade (2000-2001 to 2010-2011) nominal GDP increased more than
threefold from TK. 2535.5 billion to TK. 7875.0 billion.
In 2010-2011 per capita income was USD 818 which was USD 374 in 2000-2001.
Foreign exchange reserve increased to USD 10.91 billion from USD 1.30 billion.
Export income has increased to USD 22.92 billion from USD 6.47 billion.
Import payment has increased to USD 33.66 billion in 2010-2011 from USD 9.33 billion in
2000-2001.
During the last FY wage earners remittances was USD 11.65 billion which was only 2.50
billion in 2000-2001.

Over the years, performance of the banking sector has improved significantly as has Bangladesh
Banks supervision capacity and tools:

Net NPL ratios have declined by more than two thirds since 2004.
Return on assets has more than doubled since 2004 (from 0.69 to 1.78 average for all banks).
Return on equity has sharply increased from 9.7 percent in 2003 to 21 percent in 2010.
BB prepared risk management guidelines to strengthening debt management and increasing
the quality of assets.
BB conducted stress testing to increase the shock absorbing capacity of the banking sector.
Completed Basel II implementation to increase capital of banks and has started working on
the implementation process of Basel III.

While the economy has grown and the banking system has become more competitive, 45 percent of
the population still remains unbanked. The population per branch (21065) and the ratio of loan
accounts per 1000 adults (42) suggests that the outreach of the formal financial sector is lower than in
India (14485 and 124 respectively) and Pakistan (20340 population per branch and 47 loan accounts
per 1000).
Capital infusion by these new banks will augment the banking systems capacity to meet the credit
needs of the expanding corporate sector. Currently, because of limitations on large exposures, large
corporations must approach many banks simultaneously with their credit needs, which then have to
be stitched together in syndicate or participation loans. The entrance of the new banks will add to the
aggregate capital base of these existing syndications, allowing for larger loans to be granted for
productive investment and job-creation.
Foreign exchange brought in as capital for the new NRB banks and the foreign-exchange position
deposits they are likely to attract will strengthen the countrys balance of payments. Also, expatiate
management in these banks will hopefully have a helpful demonstration effect on the local banking
sector.
Entry of the new banks can therefore be expected to heighten the quality of financial services by
increasing competition in the banking sector. They will also facilitate meeting the growing credit
demand in the fast expanding economy. Moreover, for new banks, the 1:1 ratio of opening rural and
urban branches will increase rural presence of banks, widening financial inclusion.

09/04/2012

GDP(InBillionTK.)

DemandAhead
3850
FasterEconomicGrowth
StableFinancialSystem
GreaterandSustainableEconomy

20102011
2010 2011

NeedForNewBanks

2160

Economyisgrowingfaster~ 7%

20002001

PerCapita Income(InUSD)

FX.Reserve(InBillionUSD)
10.91

374

818

20002001

20102011

1.3
200001

201011

09/04/2012

ExportIncome(InbillionUSD)

ImportCost(InbillionUSD)

33.66

22.92

6.47

200001

9.33
201011
200001

WageEarnersRemittance(InbillionUSD)

201011

BankingSectorContributioninGDP
1.40%

11.65
1.12%

2.5
200001

201011

200001

201011

09/04/2012

BanksNetIncomeafterP&T(Incrore TK.)

BanksDepositGrowth
(Incrore TK.&%)

8637

417064

370%

Growth
88648

1420
200001

Dec,2001

201011

BanksCreditGrowth(Incrore TK.&%)
3642578

Dec,2011

IncreaseinTrade&Commerce

408%

Growth
71749

Dec,2001

Dec,2011

09/04/2012

RiskMitigation
Mitigating Risk and Addressing
Challenges Ahead : Bangladesh
Bankss initiatives
Bank

14

Bangladesh Banks Initiatives To Address

Risk in the Banking Sector

LiquidityRiskManagement

BangladeshBank,inalignmentwithinternationalcommunity,
hastakenvariousinitiativestomitigaterisksfacedbybanks
throughincorporatingdifferentforwardlookingpolicytoolsto
addressthechallengesahead:
(i)LiquidityRiskManagement
(ii)MaintainingFinancialStability
(iii)SeparationofCapitalMarketActivitiesofBanks
(iii) Separation of Capital Market Activities of Banks
(iv)RiskManagementandStressTestingInBanks
(v)BaselIIimplementation
(vi)ContingencyPlanning
(vii)FinancialSafetyNetandBankRegulation
(viii)Governance

15

BanksinBangladeshdidnotexperienceacuteliquiditycrisisin
therecentpast;
However,somebanksfacedliquidityconstraintsin2010
mainlyduetoshortageofcashmoney,attributabletohigh
creditgrowthinthebankingsector.
Theindustryaverageadvancedepositratio(ADR)wasaround
85percentasagainstceilingof85percentforconventional
banksand90percentforIslamicones.
InaccordancewiththeinstructionofBB,banksbroughtdown
theirADRandnow(22March,2012)theindustryaverage
ADRis79.94percent.
DepositGrowth

CreditGrowth

ADR

19.77%

14.39%

79.94%
16

09/04/2012

MaintainingFinancialStability

LiquidityRiskManagement
Banksareprovidingthelongtermloantothecountry'sindustrial
sectorswhichiscreatinganassetliabilitymaturitymismatchinthe
commercialbanks'profiles.
After2010,BangladeshBankhastakenseveralstepstoreduce
liquidityriskinthebanks.
BankswereadvisedtoprepareandsubmittheStructuralLiquidity
Profilemonthlysothattheycaneasilydetectthematurity
y
y
y
y
mismatch.
BBhadprovidedthebanksasimpletooltodeterminetheir
availablefundforinvestment.
BBhadtakeninitiativestoimplementtwooftheBaselIII
componentse.g.,liquiditycoverageratio(LCR)andnetstable
fundingratio(NSFR).

Inordertoachievesustainableeconomicgrowthby
increasingtheresilienceofthebankingsystem,BBhas
putspecialemphasisonmaintainingstabilityinthe
bankingsectorandhasalreadypublisheditsfirst
financialstabilityreporttitled"FinancialStabilityReport,
2010".
Itdiscussesmajortrendsinthebankingindustryand
NBFIsinBangladeshwithrespecttotheirimpacton
financialstability.
BBhadintroducedStressTestingprocesstomeasurethe
resilienceofthebankingsector.

17

MaintainingFinancialStability

18

SeparationofCapitalMarketActivities

Result of the Stress Test on banks at endDec 2011

Negative shift in NPL categories causes 5 banks CAR fall below
10 percent
Increase in NPL causes 10 banks CAR fall below 10 percent
Change in interest rate causes 8 banks CAR fall below 10
percent
Change in equity price causes 4 banks CAR fall below 10
percent
Change in exchange rate causes 2 banks CAR fall below 10
percent
# The above result of stress test (sensitivity analysis) indicates
that banks are quite resilient in different shocks, except to
increase in NPL.
# High credit concentration among the existing banks is one of
the main reasons for this vulnerability.
19

Bankswereadvisedtoestablishseparatesubsidiary
companiesforcapitalmarketactivities.
Thiswillensurethatbanksareengagedincorebusiness
ratherthancapitalmarketoperation.
Almostallthebankshavingengagementincapitalmarket
activitieshadalreadyestablishedseparatesubsidiaries.
BangladeshBankhasalsoimposedstrictlimitationson
exposurestocapitalmarketactivitiesaccordingtoBank
CompanyAct,1991.
DuetotheinitiativesofBB,almostallthebankshadsurvived
fromthecapitalmarketmayhemin20102011.

20

09/04/2012

RiskManagementandStressTesting

RiskManagementandStressTesting

Toharmonizetheprocessofanalyzingandmitigationofdifferent
risksinbankingbusinesstowardsensuringfinancialstability,banks
haveestablishedindependentRiskManagementUnit(RMU).
MainobjectivesofRMU:
TooverseetheRiskManagementofbanksinprudentmanner
ToanalyzevariousriskandprepareRiskManagementPaperof
banks
Toformulateoverallriskassessmentandmanagementpolicies
Toreviewandupdateallriskonasystematicbasis
Tosetportfolioobjectivesandtolerancelimitsforeachtypeof
therisk
BBhascreatedanewunittomonitorriskmanagementfunctionsof
thebanksandstresstestsresultsdonebythem.

BBhasintroducedarevisedRiskManagementGuidelinesfor
banksinFebruary2012tomanagevariousrisksinaprudent
manner.
Thisdocumentpromotesanintegral,bankwideapproachto
riskmanagement.
MostinnovativepartsofthisdocumentareRiskManagement
Organization and Governance and Capital Management
OrganizationandGovernance,andCapitalManagement.
Moreover,inFebruary2011,BBlaunchedarevisedStress
TestingGuidelinestounderstandthestrengthand
vulnerabilitiesofthebanks.
Further,BBhasrevisiteditsCAMELSratingframework,
incorporatedafewnewindicatorsandrestructuredCAMELS
questionnaireforbettersubjectivejudgment.

21

22

ContingencyPlanning

BaselIIimplementation
Withaviewtomakingthebanksmoreshock
absorbentandresilient,BBhasbegunimplementation
ofBaselIIforregulatorycompliancesinceJanuary1,
2010.
AllthebankshavebeenimplementingpillarIthrough
pillarIIIofBaselII,andSRPSREPdialogueswithbanks
willcommencesoon.
43banksoutof47maintainedcapitaladequacyratio
(CAR)ofmorethan10percentattheendDecember
2011.

23

A ContingencyPlanningProjectisunderimplementationsince2011.
UnderthisprojectBBisplanningtoinitiateseveralinstitutionalreforms
namely:
(a)CreatingaFinancialStabilityGroup(FSG)
(b)CreatingaTechnicalSecretariatfortheFSG
(c) CreatingaSpecialAnalyticalUnitinBB
(d)CreatingSeniorBankSpecialistsforBanks
(d) Creating Senior Bank Specialists for Banks
(e)CreatingaSpecializedBankRestructuringUnit
TheSpecialAnalyticalUnitisatbloomingstage.Majortasksare:
Conductmacroprudentialsurveillance
Conductbankbybankstresstestingandsystemic stressteststoassess
resilience;
Contingencyplansforresolution/restructuring/liquidation(livingwills);
Conductspecialoccasionalstudies
Preparepositionpapersidentifyingoptionsforresolutionofsystemiccrises
Preparefinancialstabilityreports
24

09/04/2012

FinancialSafetyNetandBankRegulation

FinancialSafetyNetandBankRegulation

BangladeshintroducedDepositInsuranceScheme inAugust
1984asanattempttoreducetheriskoflossofdepositors'
fundwithbanks.
AfundtitledDepositInsuranceTrustFundhasbeen
createdwithaviewtoprovidingprotection,tosomeextent,
tosmalldepositors(notexceedingBDT0.01million).
ll d
i
(
di BDT 0 01 illi )
BBproposedtoenhancethecoveragetoBDT0.02million.
Currentlyaround85percentdepositorsareunderthe
coverageofthesafelynetprogramofBB.
Premiumrateforproblembanksis0.07percentand0.09
percentforothers.

Toalignthepremiumwiththeinternationalstandard,new
riskbasedpremiumrateof0.10percentforproblembank,
0.09percentforEWSbanksand0.08percentforstandard
banksareunderreviewofthegovernment.
BBiscurrentlyaddressingthebankfailurethroughresorting
BB is currently addressing the bank failure through resorting
tovariousprovisionsofBankCompanyAct,1991and
guidelinesforMerger/Amalgamationofbanks/FIs.
BBisplanningtostrengthentheproblembankresolution
frameworkthroughdevelopingandimplementingbank
restructuringpoliciesinamoreprudentmanner.

25

FinancialSafetyNetandBankRegulation

26

BanksandFIarenotallowedtofailinBangladesh

WiththetechnicalassistanceoftheWorldBank,BBistrying
todevelopaFinancialProjectionModel(FPM) forthebanksin
Bangladesh.
TheFPMwillhelpto:
#assessthestrengthsandweaknessofthebankingsystem
basedonhypotheticalscenarios;
based
on hypothetical scenarios;
#improveBBssystemicriskassessmentcapacityfor
individualbanksandthewholesystem;
#improvethereportingsystemwithmoregranulardataon
riskreturncharacteristicsofeachbankinrelationtotheir
businessmodels;
#developaCAMELratingsystemwithbackwardandforward
lookingindicators.
27

BCCI
OrientalBank
NCL
BCI

EBL
ICBBank
NCCBL
BCBL
28

bZzb evsK vcbi hwKZv I jvBm c`vbi cwqv|

weMZ 12 RyjvB, 2005 ZvwiL AbywZ cwiPvjbv cl`i 272 Zg mfvq evsjv`k emiKvix LvZ bZzb evsK vcb/we`kx evsKi
kvLv vcb msv bxwZgvjv Abygvw`Z nq| Ze, H mgq `ki A_bxwZ I evRvii AvKvi, mq mw I g~jab MVbi nvi, wdbvwqvj wWcwbs
Gi cewi nvi, we`gvb evswKs AeKvVvgv I evswKs mevi Pvwn`v Ges evsKjvi cwZhvwMZvg~jK Aevb cfwZ weePbvq emiKvix LvZ Avi
Kvb bZzb evsK vcbi D`vM MnY hywmsMZ ne bv gg gZ cKvk Ki | dj^ic 2001 mvji ci nZ Avi emiKvix evwYwRK evsKi
jvBm c`vb Kiv nqwb |

bZzb evsK vcbi hwKZv tweMZ GK `kK evsjv`ki A_bxwZi AvKvi gv^q ew cqQ| A_bxwZi AvKvi chvjvPbvq `Lv hvq h, 2000-01 A_eQi
Avgv`i wRwWwci cwigvb wQj cvq 2.16 j KvwU UvKv hv 2010-11 A_eQi cvq 1.69 j KvwU UvKv ew cq cvq 3.85 j KvwU UvKvq
`vwouqQ, 2010-11 A_eQi gv_vwcQz Avq cvq 818 gvwKb Wjvi hv 2000-01 A_eQi wQj 374 gvwKb Wjvi, e`wkK gy`vi wiRvf
1.30wewjqb gvwKb Wjvi _K cvq 10.91 wewjqb gvwKb Wjvi DbxZ nqQ, ivbx Avq cvq 22.92 wewjqb gvwKb Wjvi G DbxZ nqQ hv
2000-01 A_eQi wQj 6.47 wewjqb gvwKb Wjvi, 2000-01 A_eQi Avg`vbx eq wQj 9.33 wewjqb gvwKb Wjvi _K 20010-11 A_eQi
cvq 33.66 wewjqb gvwKb Wjvi DbxZ nqQ, Ges weMZ A_eQi IqR Avbvm iwgUv Gi cwigvb cvq 11.65 wewjqb gvwKb Wjvi hv 200001 A_eQi wQj gv 2.50 wewjqb| G mKj welq chvjvPbvq evsjv`ki A_bxwZK GKwU gag AvKvii A_bxwZ ejv hZ cvi| 2000-01
A_eQi wRwWwci cewi nvi wQj 5.27% eZgvb Zv 6.66%| wRwWwcZ evswKs LvZi Ae`vb cwZ eQi ew cvQ| A_eQi10 G wRwWwcZ
evswKs LvZi Ae`vb kZKiv 1.40 hv 2001 Gi Zzjbvq 0.20% ekx| bZzb evsK vcbi gvag wRwWwcZ evswKs LvZi Ae`vb Aviv ew
cve ej cZxqgvb nq|
evsKi cwZ RbMYi Avv mgybZ ivLv I AvgvbZKvixMYi ^v_ msiYi j weMZ GK `kK evswKs LvZ evcK msvi Kgm~Px
MnY Kiv nqQ| weklZt FY ksLjv Rvi`vi Ki m`i bMZgvb ewi Rb wi gvbRgU MvBWjvB cZ Kiv nqQ| AvRvwZK
mevg ixwZi mv_ mwZ iL evswKs LvZK AwaKZi AwfNvZ kvlYg I my`p wfwi Dci vcbi jStressTestingGuidelinecZ
Kiv nqQ| D MvBWjvBi AvIZvq evsKjv eZgvb wbRivB Zv`i KiQ Ges HgvwmK wfwZ evsjv`k evsK wicvU KiQ|
evsKjvi g~jab ewi Rb evmj-2 evevqb mb nqQ Ges BwZga evmj-3 Gi evevqbi j evsjv`k evsK KvR i KiQ|
evsK eevcbvq `vqeZv cwZv Ges mvgwMKfve evswKs wki DbwZi Rb GKwU wwZkxj I AbyKj cwiek mwi eev bqv nqQ|
evsKjvi FY SyuwK, Zvij SyuwK, evRvi SyuwK, cwiPvjb SyuwK BZvw` mKj aibi SyuwK wPwZKiY Ges Zv weklYi gvag SyuwKi MfxiZv
wbYq I SyuwK ckgbi Rb wi gvbRgU MvBWjvB cZ Kiv nqQ| evsKjvi SzwK eevcbvi dj eZgvb evwYwRK evsKjvi
Avw_K wfw c~ei Zzjbvq AbK mymsnZ| evsjv`k evsK gvwb jvwis cwZivaK Aviv kwkvjx Kivi j Money Laundering
PreventionAct2012 I AntiTerrorismAct,2012Rvix Kiv nqQ| evsKjvi wdbvwqvj vwewjwU I wmmUwgK wi wbqYi Rb
evsjv`k evsKi mycviwfkbK Rvi`vi Kiv nqQ| evsjv`k evsKi mycviwfkb mgZv ewi Rb K`xq evsK Aviv kwkvjx Kiv nQ|
BwZga K`xq evsKi wKQz AUvgkb Kiv nqQ, KgKZv`iK `k I we`k DbZi cwkY `Iqv nQ| KgKZv`i mgZv ewi dj
bZzb evsK vwcZ nj evsKjvK c~Y Z`viwK Kiv me ne|
evsjv`ki evsKmg~ni AvgvbZ cwiwwZ, FY cwiwwZ, g~jab chvZv, kYxwebvwmZ FYi nvi, gybvdv I DcvRbkxjZv BZvw` cvq
mKj B BwZevPK Ges mvlRbK Aev we`gvb| cwimsLvb nZ `Lv hvq, 2001 mvji Zzjbvq 2010 mvj AvgvbZi cwigvb 316.16%
ew cq cvq 3.69 j KvwU UvKv nqQ, GKBmgq FYi cwigvb 306.71% ew cqQ| AvgvbZ I FYi evwlK Mo cew h_vg
24.92% I 25.37%| 2010 mvj mvgwMK evswKs LvZi msvb I AvqKi cieZx bxU gybvdvi cwigvb 8,637 KvwU UvKv hv 2005 mvj wQj
1,420 KvwU UvKv|
KcviU cwZvbmg~ni evemv cmvii dj Avg`vbx I ivbx DfqiB DjLhvM cwieZb nqQ| GKB mgq evwYwRK evsKmg~ni
g~jabi cwigvb Zzjbvg~jKfve ew nqwb, hvi djkwZZ evsKjvi GKK FYmxgvi evaevaKZvi KviY enr cwZvbjvK Zv`i Pvwn`vgZ
FY hvMvb w`Z e_ nQ| GRb cwZvbjv cvq mKj evsKi wbKU nZ FY Mnb KiQ| bZzb evsKi jvBm c`vbi dj evswKs LvZi
g~jabi evcKZv AviI ew cve Ges emiKvix cwZvbmg~ni FYi Pvwn`vc~iY Kiv me ne| bZzb evsK cwZvi dj bZzb MvnK mw ne
Ges AvgvbZ msMni nvi ew cve| Abw`K FY weZiYi cwigvY ewi dj GKw`K hgb bZzb D`vvi Rb ne Aciw`K cyivZb
D`vv`i eemvi cmvi NUe Ges bZzb Kgmsvbi mw ne|
AwaKmsLK evsK _vKvq evsjv`ki A KqKwU evsKi ga mKj m` K`xf~Z nqwb ; hv cwZhvwMZvg~jK cwiek mwZ
mnvqZv KiQ Ges AvgvbZ I FYi my`i nvii evwi (Spread) wbgyLx ceYZv cwijwZ nQ| 2001 mvj AvgvbZ I FYi my`i nvii
evw wQj 6.67% hv 2010 mvj Gm `uvovq 5.27%| emiKvix evsKjv cwZeQiB wecyj cwigvb gybvdv ARb KiQ | dj ^vfvweKfveB A_
evRvi bZzb evsK ceki myhvM iqQ ej cZxqgvb nq| `k bZzb emiKvwi evsKi Abygv`b c`vb Kiv nj evsKjvi ga cwZhvwMZv
ew cve dj evsK FYi my` nvi nvm Ges mevi gvb ew cve | bZzb Kgmsvb mw, chywi mevg eenvi, bZzb wdbvwqvj cvWv Gi
AvMgb NUe| GQvov bZzb evsKi kni I cjxZ 1t1 AbycvZ kvLv Lvjvi weavb ivLv nqQ, hvi dj cjxZ kvLvi msLv evoe Ges
unbanked Ges underbanked GjvKvZ evswKs mev cQ `qv me ne| dj AwaKZi wdbvwqvj BbKzkb ne hvi gvag inclusive
growthARb Kiv me| bZzb evsKi Zv`i c`q FYi mewb 5% fvM FY Kwl mieivn Kivi weavb ivLv nqQ, dj bZzb evsK
vwcZ nj KwlZ FYi cwigvb evoe Ges Avgv`i Lv` mqstm~YZv ARb me ne| evsjv`k RvnvR wbgvY wk weKvki h_ mvebv
Page1of2

`Lv hvQ Ges Aviv bZzb we`yr K` vcbi mvebv iqQ | we`yr LvZi we`gvb mgmvi mgvavb nj `kxq A_bxwZZ MwZ mvwiZ ne
Ges bZzb wewbqvMi myhvM mwi cvkvcvwk evswKs mevi Pvwn`vI DjLhvM gvvq ew cve| GB geagvb Pvwn`v c~iYi Rb bZzb evsK
cwZvi cqvRbxqZv iqQ|
eZgvb mgq cevmx evsjv`kx`i cwiZ A_ evsjv`ki A_bxwZZ e`wkK gy`vi AbZg hvMvb`vZv| Abvevmx D`vv`i
gvwjKvbvq emiKvix evwYwRK evsK (GbAviwe evsK) vwcZ nj cZKwU evsKi D`vvMY 400 KvwU UvKvi mgcwigvb e`wkK gy`v we`k
_K ea cvq `k wbq Avmeb| D e`wkK gy`v evsjv`ki evj Ae cgUi DbwZi Rb KvhKix f~wgKv ivLe| GQvovI GbAviwe
evsK vwcZ nj we`k AevbiZ evsjv`kx`iK ea cvq `k UvKv cvVvbvi evcvi Aviv DrmvwnZ Kiv hve| AwaK GbAviwe evsKi
D`vMY we`k cwZwZ eemvqx/ckvRxex, ZvB Zv`i DbZ eevcbv `ki evswKs LvZK Aviv mgw Kie| ZvQvov DbZ weki wewfb
evswKs cvWv G`ki evswKs mevq Afyw ne| GbAviwe D`vvMY Zv`i we`ki wewfb eemvwqK Askx`vi/we`kx ez`i evsjv`k
wewbqvM KiZ AvMnx Ki ZzjZ cvieb, dj `k GdwWAvB Gi cwigvb ew cve ej Avkv Kiv hvq| myZvivs e`wkK gy`vi mKj hvMvb
`ki evwYR NvUwZ gUvZ, e`wkK gy`vi wiRvf ewZ mnqZv c`vb Kieb|

jvBm c`vbi cwqv tcwiPvjbv cl`i 319Zg mfvq GbAviwe evsK cwZvi Rb cve Ave`bcmg~n g~jvqbi Rb GKwU gvcKvwVi Abygv`b `qv nq|
Abw`K evsK eemvi eZgvb avivi mv_ msMwZ iL 272 Zg mfvq evsjv`k emiKvix LvZ bZzb evsK vcb/we`kx evsKi kvLv vcb
msv bxwZgvjvwUZ wKQz mskvab/cwieZb Ki GKwU bZzb MvBWjvB cZ Kiv nq| D MvBWjvBwU cwiPvjbv cl`i 324Zg mfvq
Abygvw`Z nq| cwiPvjbv cl`i Abygv`bi c~e memvaviYi gZvgZi Rb MvBWjvBi GKwU Lmov evsjv`k evsKi IqemvBU cKvk Kiv
nq| cieZxZ c_Kfve evsjv`k evsKi IqemvBU I `ki ej cPvwiZ `wbK cwKvq wevcb cKvk Kiv nq AvMnx D`vv`i wbKU
nZ bZzb evsK vcbi Rb Ave`bc Avnvb Kiv nq|
GbAviwe evsK I bZzb evsKi jvBm c`vbi Ave`bcmg~n 3wU chvq hvPvB-evQvB Ges g~jvqb Kiv nq | G Rb wZbwU
c_K KwgwU MVb Kiv nqQ hviv avc avc Ave`bcmg~n cyLvbycLfve weklYc~eK wbicfve g~jvqY KiZ cvie | wb D wZbwU
KwgwUi `vwqZ Ges KvhcwZ DjL Kiv njv t1| cv_wgK hvPvB KwgwUt
GKRb DcgnvevcKi bZZ cv_wgK evQvB KwgwU MVb Kiv nqQ| Gi KvhcwZ wbict Ave`b ci mv_ `vwLjKZ `wjjvw`
mwVK wK bv? GQvovI MvBWjvB/wewZ h mKj Z_ I `wjjvw` AvewkKfve mieivni wb`kbv `qv nqQ Zv `vwLj Kiv nqQ wK bv?
ew D`vvi cvweZ g~jab ewi AvqKi weeiYxZ(IT10B) c`wkZ m`i(bU Iqv_) mv_ mvgmc~Y wK bv? cvwZvwbK
D`vv`i cvweZ g~jab cwZvbwUi mekl `y eQii wbixwZ Avw_K weeibxZ c`wkZ bxU m`i(bU Iqv_) mv_ mvgmc~Y wK bv?
2| KvwiMix g~jvqY KwgwUt
PviwU wefvMi Pvi(4)Rb gnveevcKi mg^q KvwiMix g~jvqY KwgwU MVb Kiv nqQ- hviv c_K c_K fve cwZwU Ave`bc
DjwLZ Z_i wfwZ GbAviwe evsKi Rb 7wU avc Ges bZzb evsKi Rb 8wU avc vwis Kieb| D avcjv megvU 72wU avc wef
Kiv nq| KvwiMix g~jvqY KwgwUi `vwqZ wQj wbict
evsKwUi D`vvMb `ki we`gvb ewK A_bwZK Aev Ges Avw_K KvVvgvi cvcU cvweZ evsKi eemvwqK mveZv wKfve
wePvi KiQb? evsKi eemvwqK cwiKbvq DjwLZ AvgvbZ msMn I FY weZiY cwiKbv KZUzKz eve mZ Ges RegulatoryAspectG
Zv MnYhvM wK bv? kni I cjxZ 1t1 AbycvZ kvLv Lvjvi cwiKbv AvQ wK bv? evsKwUi cwiPvjK cl` Ges gvbRgU Uxg Gi cvweZ
Kvh cwZ ^Q Ges KvhKi ne wK bv? AfixY wbixv cwZ Ges surviveandgrowthstrategyeve mZ wK bv? cwiPvjK cl`i
m`mMY fitandproperwK bv ? G cwiPvjKMbi b~bZg 10 eQii ckvMZ/ eemvwqK AwfZv AvQ wK bv, Zviv c~e Kvb cKvi
eAvBbx KvhKjvci mv_ hy wQjb wK bv? FY Ljvcx wQjb wK bv? BZvw` weePbv Kiv nq | cvweZ cavb wbevnx KgKZv Ges Abvb cavb
wbevnxMY chv hvMZv I AwfZv mb wK bv?
KvwiMix g~jvqY KwgwU mKj m`m HKgZ cuQ Ave`b cjvi vwis wVK Kieb|
3| Pov g~jvqY KwgwU t
bZzb evsKi Rb `yB Rb WcywU Mfbi Ges `yB Rb wbevnx cwiPvjKi mg^q Pov g~jvqY KwgwU MVb Kiv nqQ | Aciw`K
GbAviwe evsKi Rb GKRb WcywU Mfbi Ges `yB Rb wbevnx cwiPvjKi mg^q Pov g~jvqY KwgwU MVb Kiv nqQ| G KwgwU h me
welqei wfwZ KvwiMix g~jvqb KwgwU Ave`bcmg~ni vwis KiQb Zv g~jvqYc~eK Pov evQvB Kieb Ges evsjv`k evsKi cwiPvjbv
cl`i wbKU Dchy evsKK jvBm c`vbi cve ck Kieb | vwis Gi ejvq KwgwUi m`mMY ^vaxbfve wbR`i vwis Ges vwis
Kivi mgq Zvi KwgwUi AbKvb m`mi mv_ gZ wewbgq KiZ cvieb bv|
Pov g~jvqY KwgwUi g~jvqb kh GKwU wicvU cwiPvjbv cl`i wbKU P~ov Abygv`i Rb Dcvcb Kiv ne|
Page2of2