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Empirical Formula
Empirical Formula
Empirical Formulas
Objective Dene empirical formula Determine the empirical formula when given percentage composition or mass composition Determine the molecular formula from empirical formula
Denition
Consists of the symbols for the elements combined in compound with subscripts showing the smallest whole number ratio of the atoms in compound
Ionic Compounds
ionic compounds formula unit is usually the empirical formula NaCl is in the smallest whole number ratio CaCO3 is in the smallest whole number ratio
Molecular Compounds
empirical formula does not necessarily indicate the actual numbers of atoms present in the molecule B2H6 can be reduced to BH3 C6H12O6 can be reduced to CH2O
Molecular Formula
The actual formula of the compound relationship between EF and molecular formula x(empirical formula mass ) = (molecular formula mass) x is the whole-number multiple indicating the factor by which subscripts in EF are multiplied to obtain molecular formula
Molecular Formula
In the previous problem EF was P2O5. The molar mass of the compound is 283.89g/mol. What is the molecular formula of the compound?
Molecular Formula
x(EF mass) = (Molar Mass) EF mass is (2x 31.0g + 5 x 16.0g) = 142.0g x(142.0g) = 283.89g/mol x=2 MF = (P2O5)2 = P4O10