4/25/2013 8:17:00 PM Pathogen Virus Acellular Structure How it causes Disease Contact Prevention

RNA or DNA Protein coat Extremely

small

Takes over
specific cells

Isolate/
quarantine

Uses cellular
machinery to replicate itself

Direct Droplet Indirect

Immunisation

Some have
lipid envelop

Symptoms often
due to our own immune response

Protein tag
Prion Acellular

Protein Normal PrP in

all of us

Infectious PrP
comes in contact with normal PrP and causes it to change.

Spread on
surgical instruments

avoid
consumption

avoid re-use of
instruments used on infected patients

Different
folding infectious form PrP

Eating
infected meat (brain)

PrP aggregate
(clumping) -> form spongiform Encephalopathies

spontaneous

Bacteria Cellular

Prokaryote (no Produce toxins organelles, Use up your

single cell) nutrients

Food Water Airborne

Cooking
(denatures bacterial proteins)

Capsule Damage cells Slimy covering Cilia/ fimbriae/

flagella

Safe handling
(wash hands, avoid contamination between raw/cooked)

Peptidoglycan
cell wall

Avoid
contaminated water

Fungi

Unicellular or
multi-cellular

Produce/ releasing Contact digestive Sporesenzymes- onto host airborne

Isolate Antibiotics Avoid contact Clean out mould regularly

Eukaryote Hyphae Chitin cell wall

Protozoa

Amoeba Plasmodium Unicellular Eukaryote Range of features eg. flagella

Uses hosts
nutrients

Waterborne Vectors

Treat water
before drinking

Damage cells

eg. Mosquito Remove/ avoid vector or source