Aeraulics ED3 : Ventilation

We want to study the following ductwork (top view).

45

3000 m3/h
45

CTA
E

L1

O
3000 m3/h B

L2

-the ducts are of rectangular type (front view) :

racine
branche OA
branche OB

a (mm) b (mm)
600
400
300
400
300
400

b
a

Both branches OB and OA have the same length: 50 m

Data found thanks to previous pressure loss calculation:
1/ nominal flow:
OA = 0,0168 ; Poutlet = 10 Pa ; PEO,total = 500 Pa
2/ OB closed and total flowrate = 6000 m3/h:
OA = 0,0151 ; Poutlet = 10 Pa ; PEO,total = 500 Pa
3/ OB closed and total flowrate = 3000 m3/h:
OA = 0,0168 ; Poutlet = 10 Pa ; PEO,total = 200 Pa
The missing fitting loss coefficient for the junction and the elbow will be calculated thanks to
the ASHRAE tables.
Considering the nominal requirements, a fan was selected. Its characteristic curves are given
in figures 2 (manufacturer data) and figure 3 (Rateau coefficient). With this fan, the nominal
requirements are fulfilled. Its geometrical characteristics are: 0.406 m in diameter and a
rotation speed between 1560 and 3340 rpm with a set value at 2100 rpm for the nominal
operating point.
We will try to figure out what is the ductwork behaviour when branch becomes closed.
1. Using a graphic method, determine the operating point between the fan and the ductwork
when OB is closed. What is the value for the volumetric flow rate at the operation point?
How do you explain the difference between the calculated value and the expected flow rate
of 6000 m3/h ?

2. To achieve a volumetric flow rate of 3000 m3/h in OA duct, a first option consists in
putting a damper.
a) Draw the ductwork curve without the damper but with a total volumetric flowrate of
3000 m3/h.
b) Evaluate the pressure drop to set for the damper
c) What is the power consumption for this installation?
3. To achieve a volumetric flow rate of 3000 m3/h in OA duct, rotation speed variation is now
considered.
a) Fill in the blank lines in the Rateau table without using figure 3
b) Determine the speed of rotation to be set.
c) What is the power consumption in this case?
d) Does this speed comply with fan speed range?
4. What kind of other solutions could you suggest?

Elbow type 3-6 (nomenclature ASHRAE)

W

H
front view

,
deg
20
30
45
60
75
90

side view

0.25
0.08
0.18
0.38
0.60
0.89
1.3

0.5
0.08
0.17
0.37
0.59
0.87
1.3

0.75
0.08
0.17
0.36
0.57
0.84
1.2

1.0
0.07
0.16
0.34
0.55
0.81
1.2

1.5
0.07
0.15
0.33
0.52
0.77
1.1

H/W
2.0
0.07
0.15
0.31
0.49
0.73
1.1

3.0
0.06
0.23
0.28
0.46
0.67
0.98

4.0
0.06
0.13
0.27
0.43
0.63
0.92

5.0
0.05
0.12
0.26
0.41
0.61
0.89

6.0
0.05
0.12
0.25
0.39
0.58
0.85

8.0
0.05
0.11
0.24
0.38
0.57
0.83

0.9
0.97
1.4
2.0

1.0
1.0
1.6
2.3

Junction D type 5-33 (ASHRAE)

Q1b, A1b, V1b

Qc, Ac, Vc

Q2b, A2b, V2b

with, A cross section area (m2), Q volumetric flow rate (m3/s) and V velocity (m/s).
Converging

deg
15
30
45

0
-2.6
-2.1
-1.3

0.1
-1.9
-1.5
-0.93

0.2
-1.3
-1.0
-0.55

0.3
-0.77
-0.53
-0.16

1b or 2b
Q1b/Qc or Q2b/Qc
0.4
0.5
0.6
-0.30
0.10
0.41
-0.10
0.28
0.69
0.20
0.56
0.92

0.7
0.67
0.91
1.3

0.8
0.85
1.1
1.6

Diverging

deg
15
30
45
60
90

0.1
0.81
0.84
0.87
0.90
1.0

0.2
0.65
0.69
0.74
0.82
1.0

0.3
0.51
0.56
0.63
0.79
1.0

0.4
0.38
0.44
0.54
0.66
1.0

0.5
0.28
0.34
0.45
0.59
1.0

1b or 2b
V1b/Vc or V2b/Vc
0.6
0.8
1.0
0.20 0.11 0.06
0.26 0.19 0.15
0.38 0.29 0.24
0.53 0.43 0.36
1.0
1.0
1.0

1.2
0.14
0.15
0.23
0.33
1.0

1.4
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.39
1.0

1.6
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
1.0

1.8
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
1.0

2.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0

Rateau coefficients table

dbit (m3/h)
943
1055
1859
2074
2476
3164
4384
4904
5486
6185
6955
7139

DP (Pa)
1045
1045
1031
1031
1017
975
861
785
684
524
304
242

rendement
0,381
0,408
0,558
0,588
0,638
0,705
0,779
0,792
0,785
0,733
0,565
0,49

0,1424
0,1593
0,2807
0,3132
0,3739

0,4370
0,4370
0,4311
0,4311
0,4253

0,1633
0,1706
0,2169
0,2296
0,2492

0,7405
0,8284
0,9339
1,0502
1,0780

0,3282
0,2860
0,2191
0,1271
0,1012

0,3069
0,3018
0,2792
0,2363
0,2226

ANNEXES DE LA PARTIE 2
1200

0,9
rendement

1000

0,8

800

0,7

600

0,6

400

0,5

200

0,4

0,3
8000

1000

2000

3000

4000
5000
3
volume flow rate (m /h)

Figure 2 : Curve manufacturer

6000

7000

rendement

driving pressure Pm (Pa)

courbe constructeur DPm = f(dbit)

1,0000

0,9
mu

rendement

0,9000
0,8
0,8000
0,7000
0,7

0,6000

0,5000

0,6

0,4000
0,5
0,3000
0,2000
0,4
0,1000
0,0000
0,0000

0,1000

0,2000

0,3000

0,4000

0,5000

0,6000

0,7000

0,8000

Figure 3 : Curve manufacturer (Rateau)

0,9000

1,0000

1,1000

0,3
1,2000