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Ethics in Information Technology, Second Edition: Software Development
Ethics in Information Technology, Second Edition: Software Development
Objectives
Why do companies req ire high!q ality soft"are in b siness systems, ind strial process control systems, and cons mer prod cts# What ethical iss es do soft"are man fact rers face in ma$ing tradeoffs bet"een project sched les, project costs, and soft"are q ality#
Soft"are q ality
0 7egree to "hich soft"are meets the needs of sers
7eliverables
0 6rod cts s ch as9
Statements of req irements :lo"charts ;ser doc mentation
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7evelopers m st
0 7efine and follo" a set of rigoro s engineering principles 0 =earn from past mista$es 0 ;nderstand the environment in "hich systems operate 0 7esign systems relatively imm ne to h man error
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Soft"are for ind strial se Soft"are controls the operation of many ind strial and cons mer prod cts
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Strict liability
0 7efendant held responsible for the inj ry 0 1egardless of negligence or intent
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3egligence
0 2 s pplier is not held responsible for every prod ct defect that ca ses a c stomer or third!party loss 0 1esponsibility is limited to defects that co ld have been detected and corrected thro gh CreasonableD soft"are development practices
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Soft"are q ality ass rance &/2' refers to methods "ithin the development cycle
0 B arantee reliable operation of prod ct 0 Ideally applied at each stage thro gho t the development cycle
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0 White!bo4 testing
Testing all possible logic paths thro gh the soft"are nit With thoro gh $no"ledge of the logic +a$e each program statement e4ec te at least once
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Integration testing
0 2fter s ccessf l nit testing 0 Soft"are nits are combined into an integrated s bsystem 0 Ens res that all lin$ages among vario s s bsystems "or$ s ccessf lly
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7efines essential elements of effective processes Beneral eno gh to eval ate and improve almost any process :req ently sed to assess soft"are development practices
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+ st go thro gh a more rigoro s and time!cons ming development process than other $inds of soft"are 2ll tas$s req ire
0 2dditional steps 0 +ore thoro gh doc mentation 0 +ore chec$ing and rechec$ing
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)a,ard log
0 ;sed at each stage of the soft"are development process 0 2ssesses ho" it has acco nted for detected ha,ards
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Fey iss e
0 7eciding "hen /2 staff has performed eno gh testing
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3!version programming
0 :orm of red ndancy 0 Involves the e4ec tion of a series of program instr ctions sim ltaneo sly by t"o different systems 0 ;ses different algorithms to e4ec te instr ctions that accomplish the same res lt
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0 Aoth systems are highly nli$ely to fail at the same time nder the same conditions
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1ecall prod ct
0 When data indicates a problem
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) man interface
0 Important and diffic lt area of safety!critical system design 0 =eave the operator little room for erroneo s j dgment
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0 Effect
2dverse conseq ence that a c stomer might e4perience
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S mmary
+ore and more sers are demanding high q ality soft"are Soft"are prod ct liability claims are freq ently based on
0 0 0 0 Strict liability 3egligence Areach of "arranty +isrepresentation
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0 7efines five levels of soft"are development mat rity
Safety!critical system
0 :ail re may ca se inj ry or death
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