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Ethic 06
Ethic 06
Ethic 06
Objectives
What does the term intellectual property encompass, and why are companies so concerned abo t protecting it! What are the strengths and limitations of sing copyrights, patents, and trade secret laws to protect intellect al property! What is plagiarism, and what can be done to combat it!
Ethics in Information Technology, Second Edition 2
1opyright law
- ,rotects a thored wor%s
,atent laws
- ,rotect inventions
1opyrights
Established in the 45S5 1onstit tion
- 6rticle I, section 7, cla se 7
@air se doctrine
- @actors to consider when eval ating the se of copyrighted material
1opyright infringement
- 1opy s bstantial and material part of another's copyrighted wor% - Witho t permission
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,atents
8rant of property rights to inventors Iss ed by the 45S5 ,atent and Trademar% Office #4S,TO$ ,ermits an owner to e:cl de the p blic from ma%ing, sing, or selling the protected invention 6llows legal action against violators ,revents independent creation E:tends only to the 4nited States and its territories and possessions
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,rior art
- E:isting body of %nowledge - 6vailable to a person of ordinary s%ill in the art
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Software patent
- @eat re, f nction, or process embodied in instr ctions e:ec ted on a comp ter
2A,AAA software&related patents per year have been iss ed since the early >?7As
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S bmarine patent
- 2idden within a standard - .oes not s rface ntil the standard is broadly adopted
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1omp ter hardware and software can ) alify for trade secret protection
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Safeg ards
- <imit o tside access to corporate comp ters - 8 ard se of remote comp ters by employees
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<aw doesn't prevent someone from sing the same idea if it is developed independently World Trade Organi*ation #WTO$
- T9I,s 6greement provides for a minim m level of protection for intellect al property
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,lagiarism
Theft and passing off of someone's ideas or words as one's own =any st dents
- .o not nderstand what constit tes plagiarism - Delieve that all electronic content is in the p blic domain
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9everse Engineering
,rocess of ta%ing something apart in order to
- 4nderstand it - D ild a copy of it - Improve it
1onvert a program code to a higher level design 1onvert an application that ran on one vendor's database to r n on another's
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.ecompiler
- 9eads machine lang age - ,rod ces so rce code
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Software license agreements forbid reverse engineering Semicond ctor 1hip ,rotection 6ct #S1,6$
- Established a new type of intellect al property protection for mas% wor%s
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Dasic premise
- Software improves - 1an be adapted to meet new needs - D gs rapidly identified and fi:ed
2igh reliability 8C4 8eneral , blic <icense #8,<$ was a prec rsor to the Open So rce Initiative #OSI$
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1ompetitive Intelligence
8athering of legally obtainable information
- To help a company gain an advantage over rivals
Often integrated into a company's strategic plans and decision ma%ing Cot ind strial espionage Cearly 2+ colleges and niversities offer co rses or programs Witho t proper management safeg ards it can cross over to ind strial espionage
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1ybers) atting
Trademar% is anything that enables a cons mer to differentiate one company's prod cts from another's
- =ay be
<ogo ,ac%age design ,hrase So nd Word
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1ybers) atters
- 9egistered domain names for famo s trademar%s or company names - 2ope the trademar%'s owner wo ld b y the domain name
@or a large s m of money
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S mmary
Intellect al property is protected by
- 1opyrights - ,atents - Trade secrets
,lagiarism is stealing and passing off the ideas and words of another as one's own 9everse engineering
- ,rocess of brea%ing something down - In order to nderstand, b ild copy, or improve it
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1ompetitive intelligence
- Cot ind strial espionage - 4ses legal means and p blic information
1ybers) atting
- 9egistration of a domain name by an naffiliated party
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