Power Electronics at The Cable Ends-Siemens

Power Transmission and Distribution
Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

by Norbert Christl / SIEMENS AG, Germany High Voltage Division
Power Transmission and Distribution 27-03-2006 Symposium TU Eindhoven, Netherlands High Voltage
Two types of transmission applications: - HVDC High Voltage DC Transmission + DC Cables - FACTS & SVC Reactive Power Compensation + AC Cables Two types of power electronic switches: - controlled turn on switches (thyristors) - controlled turn on/turn off switches (GTO, IGCT, IGBT, etc..) Any combination of the above, but common requirement: - multi-megawatt rating of switchs/converters - with forced cooling and air insulation Economics dictate high voltage in excess of device ratings: - requirement for multiple series connection
Your Success is Our Goal
2
Power Transmission Systems with Electronics
Siemens is Successful in the HVDC Business over more than 30 Years.

2007
1977/2004
Nelson River
Neptune
2001
Moyle
1993
Etzenricht
1983
Drnrohr
Wien Sdost
1993
1984
Poste Chte.
1989
Ge-Nan
1997/2004
Celilo
2004
GuG
1995
Sylmar East
2008 2003
ESI
1987
Virginia Smith
GuG II
2000
TSQ
2005
Lamar
2001 1981
Acaray
1995
Welsh
1975/1998
Cahora Bassa
ThailandMalaysia
2005
Basslink
The Siemens Experience Your Success is Our Goal

4
Principle of HVDC Transmission
Simplified Block Diagram
Characteristics
Id in one direction only Magnitude of P or Id controlled depending on difference in terminal voltages (U1, U2) Direction of P controlled depending on polarity of terminal voltages (U1, U2)
5
AC
System 1
DC
System
AC
System 2
Equivalent Circuit
Id U1 R P U2
Typical Applications for HVDC Transmission
Long Distance
AC
System 1 DC line
AC
System 2
Sea Cable
AC
System 1 DC cable
AC
System 2
Back-to-Back
AC
System 1
AC
System 2
Bipolar System : Operating Modes
Bipolar
Monopolar, ground return one DC line pole
Monopolar, metallic return
Monopolar, ground return two DC line poles
Two-Terminal
Monopolar
Terminal A
Transmission Line
Terminal B
Bipolar
Pole 1 Pole 2
Terminal A Transmission Line Terminal B
Conclusions when to use HVDC- Transmission (1) AC - System

Versus
DC - System
50 to 100 km
Max. cable length
No Limitations
50 Hz => 50 Hz 60 Hz => 60 Hz
Frequency
50 Hz => 60 Hz 60 Hz => 50 Hz
60 Hz => 50 Hz
Typical North Sea requirement > 200 km
Cost Break Even of HVAC compared to HVDC Technology dependent on Transmission Distance
Breakeven Depends on Different Parameters :
$ of Investment for HVDC Converters + HVDC Cables AC Substation + AC Cables
Rated Power Length of Cable Number of Systems Loss Evaluation Dielectric Material
XLPE, Oil, Paper
HVAC
HVDC
km Distance of Transmission
Sea-/Land Cable Costs
approx. 80 km approx. 50 mi
approx. 120 km approx. 75 mi

10
Comparison of 150 kV AC Cable with HVDC at 250 MW and 140 km Distance

Offshore
O km
1500
Onshore
Sea Cable
Current Profile along Sea Cable
70 km
1500
Land Cable
Current Profile along Land Cable
140 km
Amplitude Current in A, rms
1000
Amplitude Current in A, rms 0 20 40 Length in km 60
1000
500
500
HVDC 150 kV AC Voltage Profile along Sea Cable

1.1 Amplitude in pu
20
40 Length in km
60
Voltage Profile along Land Cable

1.04 Amplitude in pu 1.02 1 0.98 0.96
1.05
0.95
20
40 Length in km
60
20
40 Length in km
60
11
Technologies for Long Distance Offshore Transmission

Sending or Receiving
HVAC-Transmission with XLPE Cables
Receiving or Sending
Oil Rigs Offshore

HVDC- Transmission
+ 150 kV ( 500 kV)
Onshore Main Grid
~ =
150 kV (500 kV)
= ~
12
There are two Technologies for DC Transmission

Sending or Receiving Receiving or Sending
Line Commutated LCC HVDC With Thyristor Elements

+500 kV
~ =
Oil Rigs Offshore
=
-500 kV + 150 kV
Self Commutated HVDC PLUS With IGBT Elements
Onshore Main Grid
~ =
=
150 kV
13
Increase of Power / Reliability using Redundant Systems HVAC

(Pn = 100 %, Overload 150 %)
HVDC (Pn = 100 %, Overload 150 %)

~ = =
= =
~ ~
B A
Increased Energy Availability / Reliability: Parallel Connection of Redundant Circuits (A) AC- Switchgear for Selection of Circuits (B) Inherent and/ or Short Time Overload Capability of each Circuit (C) Your Success is Our Goal
14
HVDC Classic Line Commutated Converter Technology up to 3000 MW

Long Distance
AC
System 1 DC line
AC
System 2
DC Cable
AC
System 1 DC cable
AC
System 2
Frequency Converter
AC
System 1
AC
System 2
15
Line Commutated LCC 1000 MW HVDC Transmission System

Offshore Generation
Harmonic Filters
Filter 50-80 MVAr Filter 50-80 MVAr Filter 50-80 MVAr Filter 50-80 MVAr
500 MW 270-300 MVAr
+ 500 kV DC 1000 A
Offshore 1000MW Generation
21 kV
500 MW
HVDC Converter 1
21 kV
500/250/250 MVA 2.0 kA
568 MVA 2.3 kA
To Coast Main Grid
21 kV
P
500/250/250 MVA 2.0 kA
568 MVA 2.3 kA
HVDC Converter 2
21 kV 4.0 kA 150 kV Harmonic Filters
- 500 kV DC 1000 A
P
500 MW 270-300 MVAr
500 MW
16
Line Commutated LCC 1000 MW HVDC Transmission System

Offshore Consumption
500 MVA (Skmin = 2500 MVA) Harmonic Filters
SC
500 MW 270-300 MVAr
+ 500 kV DC 1000 A
Offshore 1000MW Consumers
13.8 kV
500 MW
HVDC Converter 1
13.8 kV
500/250/250 MVA 2.0 kA
568 MVA 2.3 kA
To Coast Main Grid
13.8 kV
P
500/250/250 MVA 2.0 kA
568 MVA 2.3 kA
HVDC Converter 2
13.8 kV 4.0 kA 150 kV Harmonic Filters
- 500 kV DC 1000 A
P
500 MW 270-300 MVAr
500 MW
17
AC AC
System 1
AC
System 2
Controls, Protection, Monitoring
1 AC Switchyard 2 AC Filters, Capacitors
DC filter AC filter
Pole 1
3 Converter Transformers 4 Thyristor Valves
Pole 2 DC filter
5 Smoothing Reactors and DC Filters
6 DC Switchyard
18
250 MW Example Main Circuit Diagram

Station A DC Cable Station B
g b c d e f h
a b c d
AC filter Three winding transformer (YNyd) HF-blocking filter Two level VSC
e f g h
DC capacitor DC filter Grounding circuit DC reactor
19
Reactive Power Characteristics Voltage Sourced Inverters for HVDC Transmission

Transformer Impedance I VN V'N V jXT VCon
inductive qN [pu]
1.0
{Im} IqN I IpN VCon V'N V
-1.0
1.0
p [pu]
-1.0 {Re}
qN [pu] capacitive Reactive Power / Voltage Control with IGBTInverters Your Success is Our Goal
20
Conclusions when to use HVDC- Transmission (5) Trends and Developments for Voltage Sourced Converters
Two Level
+
Vd 2
Three Level
+
Vd 2
Multilevel
Trends
Less Space Black Start

Vac
M
Vd 2
Vd 2
Vac
STATCOM
Vac Vd 2 Vd 2 Vac
Vac Vd 2 Vd 2
MTDC
GTO /IGCT
IGBT in PP
IGBT Module
21
Supply of Sub-Sea Installations by HVDC Plus for

variable Speed Drives
Aux. Power ~ = ~ Sub-Sea HVDC & Distribution Systems in Modular Units C&P Central Control Power Supply & Communications Node Battery Storage
Wet-matable ROV-installed plug connectors Wet-matable ROV-installed plug connector
+-
138 kV Main Power
HVDC Sea Cable 150 km

Umbilical Connecting Cables ~ 30m
~ =
Sh
e n i l ore
= =
Electrical Submarine 1
~
Filter
Power Converter Unit transformer
~ =
~
Filter
~ =
Up to
E
~
Filter
Electrical Submarine N
25 MW
Umbilical Cables ~20m
25 MW
C M
Compressor 1
P M
Pump 1
C M
Compressor 2
P M
Pump 2
C M
Compressor N
P M
Pump N
22
Comparison Between Classical HVDC and HVDC PLUS

Classical HVDC
Power DC-Voltage Required short circuit power Switching frequency Losses per station pro Station Black start capability Physical size Weight Furthermore . 3000 MW 50 .. 500 kV min 2 .. 3 x of transmitted power grid frequency 0,7 % no 100% 100%
HVDC PLUS
.300 MW 50 .. 300 kV no restrictions up to kHz-range 3% yes 50% 80% STATCOM function
23
Reactive Power Compensation Voltage Control Stability Enhancements with FACTS & Electronics
24
Definition of Reactive Power How do we get rid of it ?
Reactive Power
Real Power
25
Shunt Compensation (SVC / MSC) References Turnkey Experience Worldwide

NSPC Brushy Hill (-20/120) NGC Pelham / Harker / Centr. (each 2 x -75/150) ELSAM Rejsby Hede (-8/8) SEAS Radsted (-65/80) E.ON Siems (-100/200) GECOL Zem Zem (-50/25) PLN Jember (-25/50) MRCB Sabah 2x(-60 / 60)
LADWP Entergy Mead Adl. Marketpl. Nine Mile & Porter (each -0/388) (each -0/300)
SPS Eddy Country (-50/100) C.F.E. La Pila (-70/200) L. y F. Cerro Gordo (-75/300) ISA Chin (-150/250) CHESF Funil (-120/225) CHESF Fortaleza (-140/200) ANDE Limpio (-140/200 MVAr) CHESF ENELPOWER Milagres/Banabuiu Bom Jesus da Lapa (-70/100) (-250/250) CONCO Ahafo (-0/50) ESKOM ESKOM TANESCO Muldersvlei Impala / Athene / Illovo Iringa & Shinjanga (-150/200) (each -300/100) (each -35/35)
POWERLINK Refurbishment of 10 SVCs ECNSW Kemps Creek (2 x -100/150)
MSC SVC
Note: All ratings in MVAr
26
SCE Lugo Substation 2 TPSC 500kV, 401Mvar SCE Vincent 1, 2 & 3 3 TPSC 500kV, 401Mvar ENTERGY Dayton & Jacinto S/S 1 FSC 230kV, 223Mvar CFE Mexico Tecali Juile S/S 2 FSC 400kV, 150Mvar CHESF Sao Joao d Piaui 2 FSC 437 / 484 MVAr Shain Alusa Maraba Acailandia 2 FSC 500 kV 262 MVAr Eletronorte Imperatriz & P. Dutra S/S 2 FSC 500kV, 390Mvar Abengoa/Gener Atacama S/S 1 FSC 345kV, 490Mvar FURNAS Serra da Messa S/S 1 TCSC 500kV, 107Mvar FURNAS Samambaia S/S 1 FSC 500kV, 252Mvar Ibiuna S/S 1 FSC 500kV 765Mvar MOTRACO Mozal Mosambique S/S 1 FSC 400kV, 344Mvar Mozal South Africa S/S 1 FSC 400kV, 535Mvar PowerGrid Lucknow 2 FSC 400kV, 475 Mvar PowerGrid TALA Project 2 FSC 400kV, 743 Mvar 2 TCSC 400kV 112 Mvar PowerGrid Guddapah Gooty 4 FSC 400kV 202 /182 Mvar WAPA, Kayenta TCSC & FSC 230kV, 2 x 165Mvar Hydro Quebec Poste Montagnais 3 FSC 765kV, 476Mvar Virgina Power Lexington & Valley S/S FSC 500kV 355/505Mvar SPC Sichuan Puti S/S 3 FSC 500kV, 315 Mvar CMC China Yangcheng S/S 2 FSC 500kV, 500Mvar SPSC Hechi S/S 2 FSC 500kV, 762Mvar
EVN Dai Ninh S/S 2 FSC 500kV, 101 / 202 Mvar SPSC Pinguo S/S 2 FSC 500kV, 350 Mvar 2 TCSC 500kV, 65 Mvar
FACTS Series Capacitor References Siemens has become a Major Player
27
Static Var Compensator (SVC) Typical SVC Configuration
HV Step-down transformer LV bus bar Thyristor controlled reactor Thyristor switched capacitor Fixed filter circuit Control LV
28
FACTS - Dynamic Reactive Power AC Cables Compensation / Reactive Compensation Onshore
29
FACTS Static VAr Compensator SVC 100 MVAr ind / 200 MVAr cap. 400 kV SIEMS Substation / Germany / E.ON Grid close to Kiel
30
1 series capacitor 2 thyristor valve as fast bypass - device
3 current limiting reactor 4 MOV
5 bypass circuit breaker 6 bypass damping reactor
3 2 6
PLATFORM
7 platform disconnects with grounding switch 8 bypass disconnect
31
Controllability of AC- Series Impedance of CSCC System
32
The Worlds First Thyristor Controlled Series Compensation 230 kV Substation at Kayenta, Arizona, USA
33
Typical CSCC Thyristor Circuit on HVAC Platform
34
Combined HVDC Transmission with FACTS and SVC Power Electronics at Weak and Islanded Systems
35
Electrical Strength of Distribution Systems A Criterion for Selection Type of HVDC Transmission Systems
The Strength or Weakness of an Electrical System can be characterised by :
Effective Short Circuit Ratio (ESCR) Factor

which is defined :
ESCR =
System Short Circuit MVA - Filter MVAr Rated Transmitted DC Power in MW
36
Example for typical Short Circuit Levels

Example HVDC Classic + CSCC Capacitor Pdn = 600 MW Skmin = 1350 MVA Qfilter = 2x 113 MVAr ESCR = 1.1.873 ok HVDC Classical With FACTS or CSCC HVDC Plus Example HVDC Classic Pdn = 600 MW Skmin = 1000 MVA Qfilter = 2x 113 MVAr ESCR = 1.290 ok
VSC with IGBT VSC HVDC Plus
Example HVDC Classic Pdn = 600 MW Skmin = 2000 MVA Qfilter = 2x 113 MVAr ESCR = 2.956 ok
HG+ FACTS or CSCC or VSC
HG Classical (line commutated, Valves) HVDC withThyristor Thyristor Valves
ESCR 0
Extremely Weak
Weak
Moderate Strong
Strong
1.5
3.0
4.5
6.0
37
1000 MW HVDC Back to Back Tie Chateauguay, Canada , Hydro Quebec Two SVC 12 pulse Systems at ESCR = 1.8 to New York/ USA
38
Series Compensated HVDC Transmission Systems (Principles)
Controlled Series Capacitor Converter (CSCC)
Capacitor Commutated Converter (CCC)
SIEMENS
Other Manufacturers
39
Example Control & Limitation of Temporary Overvoltages with CSCC
Cable
Sk,min AC
TCSC
DT 12/24 58 MVAr
DT 12/24 58 MVAr
Comparison Load Rejection Voltage HVDC Conventional & CSCC
40
Reactive Power Compensation only for Filtering Required
41
Typical Arrangement Inverter HVDC with CSCC, Minimum Filters
AC-Grid
F
DT 12/24 58 MVAr
F
DT 12/24 58 MVAr
TCSC 300 km OHL Double Circuit Line
F
DT 12/24 58 MVAr
TCSC SCR = 1.5 - 2.0
2x 800 MW 2x 425 MVAr
DT 12/24 58 MVAr
42
Power Electronic Building Blocks And Substation Equipment
43
The thyristor level is the lowest hierarchy building block; it may also include a nonlinear reactor (not shown)
TL
TE
HS
The next higher level building block is the VS valve section

VS TL TL
Identical VS building blocks are combined to make the complete valve

VS 1 VS n/k
44
LG
CD
IS
1967: The first Siemens HVDC thyristor valve was rated for 100kV d.c. bridge voltage and already included these modern features: building blocks including six thyristor levels liquid cooling air insulation
45
The Evolution of Thyristor Valves in HVDC

High Voltage Thyristor Valve History Highlights 1967 1969 1975 1980 1994 1997 2001 2001 First Test Valve: 2 parallel 35 mm Thyristors @ 1650 V World's First Contract for an HVDC System with Thyristor Valves 2 parallel 35 mm thyristors @ 1650 V for 2000 A World's First Contract for Watercooled HVDC Thyristor Valves 2 parallel 52 mm thyristors @ 3500 V for 2000 A World's First Contract for HVDC System with 100 mm Thyristors no parallel thyristors @ 4200 V for 3600 A First HVDC Contract Using 8kV Thyristors 100 mm thyristors @ 8000 V First Thyristor Valve with Direct-Light-Triggering 100 mm thyristors with breakover protection @ 8000 V for 2000 A First complete HVDC System using Direct-Light-Triggered Thyristors with integrated breakover protection @ 8000 V First 500kV, 3000 MW System with Direct-Light-Triggered Thyristors with integrated breakover protection and 8kV blocking voltage Your Success is Our Goal
46
LTT Light Triggered Thyristor Stacks for SVC Switch
The active portion of the switch is a straightforward assembly of thyristors, heatsinks, and cooling water piping
47
14 kV 3-ph SVC Switch (Pelham, UK 1990s)
48
250 MW Group made from suspended Building Blocks (Moyle Interconnector, 2001)
49
267 kV Group Made from Building Blocks in Free Standing Configuration (Celilo CS, 2002) Pacific Intertie / USA
50
Conclusions when to use HVDC- Transmission up to 500 kV DC High Voltage Direct Current = HVDC Transmission
Lower Costs (depend. on Spec. Conditions) Optimized Energy Output (reduced losses) Very fast Control of Power Flow Narrow Rights of Way No Need for common Frequency control Stable Operation at Small Power Rating of Interconnection Improvement of Dynamic Conditions Transmission of Large Power (3000 MW) Independent of AC system Frequency Low Transmission Losses
51
Direct Light Triggered Thyristor (LTT) Simplifies Building Block by Integration
Electrical gate pulse amplifier, auxiliary power extraction and storage, forward overvoltage protection circuits, and logic circuits at the thyristor position are no longer required
52
IGBT Devices for VSC Converter Technology
Toshiba 4,5kV Press Pack IGBT appr. 800Aeff
Eupec 3,3kV Module appr. 800Aeff
Fuji 4,5kV Press Pack IGBT appr. 800Aeff Your Success is Our Goal
53
Power Electronic Blocks for HVDC Transmission

HVDC with Light Triggered Thyristor Valves HVDC PLUS mit IGBT or IGCT Valves
LTT Thyristor Valves (L x W x H = 4500 x 2200 x 450mm
IGBT Valves L x W x H = 1700 x 1500 x 600mm
54
HVDC Substation 2x 250 MW, Nordireland -Scottland
55
Example for 2x (100 150) MW HVDC PLUS Substation Topside Replacement by Offshore Converter Jacket
Footprint: Height:
46 x 35 m 20 m
56
Example for 3x 250 MW HVDC PLUS Installation,Replacement of an old Topside Module by a new Offshore Converter
45 x 45 x 30 m W x B x H Approx. 5000 t
57
HVDC Control and Protection System Real Time Simulators (RTDS) for Off-Site Testing
Operator AC- and DC Control System, TIAN GUANG HVDC Project
58
Control and Protection Functions and Performance Protection Zones

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 AC-Busbar Protection AC-Line Protection AC-Filter Protection Converter Transformer Protection Converter Protection DC-Busbar Protection DC-Filter Protection Electrode Line Protection DC-Line Protection
4
1
59
Control and Protection Hardware
RTDS
SU200 Fault Recorder Measuring System Pole Control and DC Protection Station Control LAN Master Clock
60
Control & Protection Human- Machine- Interface
SIMATIC WinCC Standard Pentium PC Windows NT Open System Architecture ... Many installations industrial applications like Roller Mills etc. worldwide
61
HVDC Transformer for Submarine HVDC Transmission 500 MW Basslink, 295 km Australia Tasmania HVDC Interconnector
62
HVDC Transformer for 2000 MW, 500 kV DC HVDC Tianshengqiao, Chine
63
500 kV HVDC Wall Bushing, 2000 A DC, BIL 1425 kV
64
Metallic Return Breaker with Oscillatory Circuit and MOV Absorber
65
500 kV DC Smoothing Reactor, Tianshengqiao , 2000 MW HVDC , China
66
Valve Hall Building for HVDC 500 kV DC 2000 MW Talcher Bangalore , India
67
Triple tuned filter at Moyle Interconnetor Project
68
Active DC Filter at 500 kV Tian-Guang HVDC System
69
New Developments in HVDC Technology Active Filters (3) Installation of the active AC-Filter, 400 kV Substation Tjele (Denmark)
70
145 kV Gas Insulated Switchgear Junction Modules (2) Isolation, Grounding, and Measurement Equipment
71
Comparison of Converter Station Losses

Total converter station losses ( sending and receiving end) including transformers without cables for 350 MW Scheme
20000 18000 16000 14000 Losses in kW 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 Conv. HVDC VSC HVDC
72
Valve Cooling SR / Phase Reactor Valves AC/DC Filters Transformer
Customer Benefits using HVDC

Transmission System with State on the Art Technology and long Life Span (>25 years) High Power Availability
100% power for 98,5% h/a Total loss of power only once in 3 year for very few hours
Optimal Price to Cost Relation of Transmission System

very compact design which results in less investment for the offshore converter module no rotating machines offshore required resulting in very low operation and maintenance costs relatively small power loses for HVDC converters and DC cables
The HVDC Transmissions Systems highly fulfills HSE Standards for Applications of Oil & Gas Industry Your Success is Our Goal
73
Power Transmission and Distribution
HVDC Transmission Systems Future Applications & Present Activities
Future Challenges for HVDC Power Transmission and Distribution

Electrical supply of off-shore Oil&Gas platforms
Reduction of CO2 and NOx emission
Improvement of power availability Cost reduction
Connection of off-shore wind parks

Availability of large wind turbines
Promotion of regenerative energy sources by government Environmental impact of on-shore installations
Coupling of weak or isolated grids Power Trading in Deregulated Markets Your Success is Our Goal
75
HVDC Plus: HVDC Classics Younger Brother

Remote power generation Remote loads Interconnections Supply of Small Islands Connection of Offshore Windparks to the Power System Substitution of Overhead Lines Supply of Oil Rigs
Enviromentally Friendly Decentralized Generation
76
Gas To Wire - HVDC Opportunities in Oil & Gas Industry
Consumer 1
Consumer 2
Consumer 3
Source : SPE international / SPE Foundation
77
Example for Offshore Grid Carribean Sea / Gulf of Mexico

Power Distribution, with 138 kV AC, 60 Hz
A B C D
HVAC Transmission Systems HVDC Transmission Systems
AC-Substation 50 Hz
78
HVAC Transmission for Offshore Oil & Gas Applications

Aux. power Sea cable Land cable
230 kV AC
R 13.8 - 36 kV AC Offshore platform
Transformer
R Reactive Power Compensation
Essential Characteristics: Well-proven technology with new transmission task (long cable) Minimal space requirement on platform in comparison to HVDC Compensation of cable charging current necessary Linking of subsystems platform/transmission system/power system High cable losses (heating up of ground) Investment costs significantly influenced by cable Your Success is Our Goal
79
HVDC Transmission for Offshore Oil & Gas Applications

Aux. power Land cable
230 kV AC
~
AC Filter 13.8 - 36 kV AC
Sea cable
Converter Station A
Converter Station B
AC Filter
Offshore platform
Essential characteristics: New technology specially designed for the connection of platforms Larger space requirement on platform in comparison to HVAC STATCOM functionality on grids automatically provided if HVDC PLUS De-coupling of subsystems platform/transmission system/power system - low cable losses, most losses in the converter stations Your Success is Our Goal
80
The Future - Offshore Wind Park Installations
9000 m
90 00 m
HVDC PLUS 4 x 250 MW Converters 4 x 250 MW DC Cables +/- 150 kV DC, 800 -1000 A DC
Dr. Ralf Bergmann
81
Offshore AC Transmission System 170 kV, 350 MW, 130 km
82
Future Technologies for Offshore Generation and Transmission of Electrical Power (1) Solutions up to 350 MW with AC- or HVDC PLUS
Electrical Power Transmission
- From Gas - & Oil Fields with Local Offshore Generation - From Reloctable Power Plants - Electrical Infeed to Islands
Cable Turret
- To Islanded Remote Communities - in Case Onshore Generation Plant is not feasible (Space / ROW)
AC- or DC Cable Terminal To Offshore Power Barge
83
Future Technologies for Offshore Generation and Transmission of Electrical Power (2) Solutions up to 350 MW with AC or HVDC PLUS
Electrical Power Barge
Cable Turret For Submarine Cable
2x 5 m
45
25 m
m
6m
Cables
9m
Each Deck Area approx. 1000 m2
Provisions for Electrical AC- or HVDC PLUS Substation Your Success is Our Goal
84
Future Technologies for Offshore Barge or Platform Module Generation and Transmission of Electrical Power (3) Solutions up to 800 MW with HVDC Classic Monopole
Smoothing Reactor Thyristor Valves Harmonic Filter and Switchgear, Cooling
25.0 m HVDC Cables
Control Systems, Aux. Power 130,0 m
AC-Distribution Cables
39.0 m
Transformers
Harmonic Filters
85
Future Technologies for Offshore Barge or Platform Module Generation and Transmission of Electrical Power (4) Solutions up to 800 MW with HVDC Classic Monopole
Heat Exchangers for Cooling HVDC Converter Transformers
Bushings 25,0 m DCHall Thyristor Valves
39,0 m
86
Summary and Conclusions

HVDC Classic and HVDC PLUS with IGBT VSC Technology are attractive technical and economical Solutions They are therefore the preferred Technology for the Connection of: Offshore Oil and Gas Platforms Islanded Grids with small or no own Power Generation Onshore Offshore Wind Farms
Siemens can take the overall Responsibility to Design and built the most economical Transmission System with - External Cable Partners - Platform Manufacturers Your Success is Our Goal
87
The Future for Offshore

HVDC Transmission with Voltage Sourced Converters
Thank You for Your Attention !

88
HVDC and AC Solutions for Power Transmission To Offshore Platforms
Your questions, please!

89

Power Electronics at The Cable Ends-Siemens

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Power Transmission and Distribution

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

Power Transmission Systems with Electronics

Your Success is Our Goal

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

Siemens is Successful in the HVDC Business over more than 30 Years.

The Siemens Experience Your Success is Our Goal

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

Principle of HVDC Transmission

Simplified Block Diagram

Your Success is Our Goal

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

Typical Applications for HVDC Transmission

Your Success is Our Goal

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

Bipolar System : Operating Modes

Monopolar, ground return one DC line pole

Monopolar, metallic return

Monopolar, ground return two DC line poles

Your Success is Our Goal

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

Your Success is Our Goal

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

Conclusions when to use HVDC- Transmission (1) AC - System

Max. cable length

Your Success is Our Goal

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

Sea-/Land Cable Costs

approx. 120 km approx. 75 mi

Your Success is Our Goal

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

Comparison of 150 kV AC Cable with HVDC at 250 MW and 140 km Distance

Amplitude Current in A, rms

Amplitude Current in A, rms 0 20 40 Length in km 60

HVDC 150 kV AC Voltage Profile along Sea Cable

Voltage Profile along Land Cable

Your Success is Our Goal

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

Technologies for Long Distance Offshore Transmission

Oil Rigs Offshore

Onshore Main Grid

150 kV (500 kV)

Your Success is Our Goal

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

There are two Technologies for DC Transmission

Line Commutated LCC HVDC With Thyristor Elements

Self Commutated HVDC PLUS With IGBT Elements

Onshore Main Grid

Your Success is Our Goal

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

Increase of Power / Reliability using Redundant Systems HVAC

HVDC (Pn = 100 %, Overload 150 %)

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

HVDC Classic Line Commutated Converter Technology up to 3000 MW

Your Success is Our Goal

Power Electronics at the Cable Ends

Line Commutated LCC 1000 MW HVDC Transmission System

500 MW 270-300 MVAr

Offshore 1000MW Generation

500/250/250 MVA 2.0 kA

568 MVA 2.3 kA