1

Pertemuan VII
Fungsi Gamma dan Fungsi Beta
Fungsi Gamma
Euler's gamma function is defined by the integral

Some further values of the Gamma function for small arguments are:

1,0

1,0000

1,1

0,9514

1,2

0,9182

1,3

0,9875

1,4

0,8873

1,5

0,8862

1,6

0,8935

1,7

0,9086

1,8

0,9314

1,9

0,9618

2,0

1,0000

(1/5)=4.5909 ,

(1/4)=3.6256

(1/3)=2.6789 ,

(2/5)=2.2182

(3/5)=1.4892 ,

(2/3)=1.3541

(3/4)=1.2254 ,

(4/5)=1.1642 .

If x is an integer n = 1, 2, 3, ..., then

(n) = x n 1e x dx
0

(n+1) = n (n)
(p) (1-p) =

sin p

0 < p < 1

x p 1
0 1 +x dx

0 < p < 1

sin p

Contoh

a.

e - x dx = ( 4 ) = 3! =3 x 2 x 1 =6

3 2 x
x e dx =

b.

2 x 2 x
d ( 2 x / 2)
e

0 2

1
3
=
(4) =
16
8

Contoh.

x e 3

dx ,

misalkan

y =3

dx =

2/9

x = 1/9 y2

2/27

y.

e y dy

2/27

Contoh.

x e-

dx

misalkan

x = y3
dx = 3 y2 dy

3/ 2

e - y 3y 2 dy

= 3 y 7/2 e y dy = 3
(9/2)

=3 x

2 2

315
16

Contoh.

x e-

dx

mis

x = y

x = y2
dx = 2y dy

( y
0

2 1/ 4

e - y 2y dy

y dy

4
(3) =
27

=y

2 y1 / 2 e - y y dy
0

Contoh

5
= 2
2

2 y 3 / 2 e - y dy

=
2.

3 1
2 2

1

2

mis x 3 = y

e - x dx

x = y1/3
dx = 1/3 y-2/3 dy

1/3

2 / 3

1 1

3 3

e - y dy

Contoh.

e - 4x dx

atau (4/3)

4x 2 = y

misalkan

x = y1/2
dx = y-1/2 dy

y e
4

-y

1
4

y -1/2 dy

Contoh .

4x
2
0

dx =

16

1
32

- 4x 2 ln 2

1/ 2

dx

- 4x

3

2

misalkan 4 x2 ln 2 = y

16

4 ln 2

x=

e - y dy

dx =

dx =

-y

1
2

4 ln 2

1

2
=
4 ln 2

y
4

1
2

ln 2

dy

dy

4 ln 2

Contoh .

ln(1 / x) dx .

misalkan ln x = - y

x = e-y

atau dx = - e-y dy

ln x dx . = - y 3 e y dy

( )
3

1
3

e - y dy

1
1
( )
3
3

Fungsi Beta.
Fungsi Beta dinyatakan sebagai berikut :
a .
1

m 1

(1 x) n 1 dx

B(m , n)

convergen untuk n dan m > 0

b.

B(m , n) = B(n , m)
/2

c.

sin

2n-1

cos 2m-1 d

1
B(m, n)
2

d.

x p 1

0 1 +x dx = (p) ( 1 - p) = sin p

e.

B(m,n ) =

(0<p<1)

( m ) . ( n )
( m +n )

Contoh
=

: Hitung

( 1 - x ) 4 dx

B( 9,5)

( 9 ) ( 5 )
( 14 )

8! 4!
1
=
13 !
6435
1

Contoh

: Hitung

(1-

x )5 dx

misal

x = y

x = y2
dx = 2ydy
1

( 1 - y ) 5 2ydy

2 y 9 (1 y ) 5 dy
0

2 ( 10 ) ( 6 )
2 B ( 10 , 6 ) =
(16)
1
=
15015
1

Contoh

: Hitung

(1- x
0

) -1/2 dx

misalkan x 3 = y

6
x = y1/3
1 - 2/3
y
dy
3

dx =

(1- y )

1
2

2
3

y
dy
3

1
1
B( , ) =
2
3
3
3

Contoh

2
3

(1- y )

1
2

dy

( ) ( )
3
2
5

: Hitung
2

x2
2-x

misalkan x = 2y

dx

dx = 2 dy
1

(2y) 2 2 dy

2 - 2y

1
B(3 , )
2
2

Contoh
3

y2 (1- y )

1
2

dy

(3) (
(

1
)
2

7
)
2

64 2
15

: Hitung
3

1
3x - x

dx =

dx
x 3- x

1
2

misalkan x = 3y

dx = 3 dy
1

(3 y )

( 3 - 3y )

3 dy = B (

2
1

1
)
2
1

= ( )( ) =
2
2
2

Contoh

: Hitung

(4-x

)3/2 dx

misalkan x 2 = 4y

x = 2y1/2
dx = y-1/2 dy

7
1

( 4 - 4y )

3/2

y -1/2 dy

3/2

(1- y )

3/2

y -1/2 dy

(1 / 2)
( 5/2 )

(3)

8 B (

5/2

=3

Contoh

misalkan x = 4y + 3

( x - 3 ) ( 7 - x ) dx

dx = 4 dy
1

( 4y + 3 - 3 )

1/4

( 7 - 4y - 3 )1/4 4 dy

4 ( 4y )1/4 ( 4 - 4y )1/4 dy = 8 B (
0

1 1
4 4

( 1/4 )(1 / 4)
(5 / 2)

2
3

5
4

((1/4)) 2

( 1 - y ) 4 3 y 2 dy

= 3 y 2 ( 1 - y ) 4 dy
0

(3) ( 5 )
3 B ( 3 , 5) =3
( 8 )

1
35

10

Contoh

: Hitung

misalkan x 2 = 100y

100 - x 2 dx

x = 10 y 2
1

dx = 5 y 2 dy
1

10( 1 - y ) 2 5 y
0

1
2

dy

= 50 y

1
2

( 1 - y ) 2 dy

3 1
50
50 B ( , ) =
2 2
2

1
1
( ) ( )
2
2
( 2 )

= 25

= 8

8
/2

Contoh

Hitung

ctg d

/2

( cos )1/2 (sin ) -1/2 d

1
B(
2

2m 1 =

1
B(
2

3 1
,
4 4

1
4

)
m=

1
2

( ) ( )
4
4
( 1 )

Soal - soal
1

1.

dx

(1- x

Hitung

misalkan x n = sin 2

n 1/ n

2.

misalkan x 3 = 8y

8 - x 3 dx

/2

3.

d
cos

/2

4.

/2

cos

tg d

/2

sin

cos -1/2 d

1/2

5.

-1/2

dx

1 +x

Hitung

misalkan

x4 = y

6.

Buktikan

( 1 + x )

p -1

( 1 - x ) q -1 dx = 2 p +q +1

7.

Carilah

x e - x dx

8.

Carilah

m 2 x 2

dx

3
Jwb .
2
Jwb .

9.

Carilah

x
0

e - 2x dx

( p ) (q )
.
( p + q )

Jwb .

2m

2
16

3
4

n =

)
3

1
=
2

1
2

2n 1 =

1
4

10.

Carilah

1 + x dx

Jwb .

TERIMA KASIH

3 3