Knox County Schools Curriculum Mapping Project (Assessment at Grade 11)

Spring 2 Grade ' 9 Physical Science August (opic' 2 !e"ision#Physical Science$%ynn Camp &igh School Key Concepts Acti"ities)*emonstrators)Connections (Key Vocabulary in Bold Print) S.ills to 0e introduced and integrated throughout all units all year1 As a re+erence)resource2 please loo. at lin. 0elo/ to 6e++erson County7s curriculum /or.' http'))///1je++erson1.121.y1us)corecontent Clic. on 8Search the Core Content Guide91 Search 8Course9 %e"el : 8&igh9 Grade 8;9 Core Content Area : 8Science9 Clic. on 8Start Search9 Clic. on 8;th Science9 8<nits9 0y s.ill domains #ppendi$ contain% Per&ormance Standards Sample 'pen (esponse )uestions Scoring *uide Sample +esson Plans and ,'(-.. Pass/ord% ccg0112

Scienti+ic ,n-uiry and Process S.ills

Students /ill +ormulate testable hypotheses and demonstrate the logical connections 0et/een the scienti+ic concepts guiding a hypothesis and the design o+ an experiment1 Students /ill use e-uipment (e1g12 microscopes2 lasers)2 tools (e1g12 0ea.ers)2 techniques (e1g12 microscope s.ills)2 technology (e1g12 computers)2 and mathematics to impro"e scienti+ic investigations and communications1 Students /ill use evidence2 logic2 and scienti+ic .no/ledge to de"elop and re"ise scienti+ic explanations and models1 Students /ill design and conduct di++erent .inds o+ scienti+ic in"estigations +or a /ide "ariety o+ reasons1 Students /ill communicate and de+end the designs2 procedures2 o0ser"ations2 and results o+ scienti+ic in"estigations1 Students /ill re"ie/ and analy3e scienti+ic in"estigations and explanations o+ other in"estigations including peers1 Science and (echnology Students /ill apply scienti+ic theory and conceptual understandings to sol"ing pro0lems o+ technological design (e1g12 Styro+oam cups2 transistors2 computer chips) and examine the interaction 0et/een science and technology1 Science in Personal and Social Perspecti"e Students /ill explore the impact o+ scienti+ic .no/ledge and disco"eries on personal and community health4 recogni3e ho/ science in+luences human population gro/th2 use science to analy3e the use o+ natural resources 0y an increasing human population4 in"estigate ho/ science can 0e used to sol"e en"ironmental -uality pro0lems4 use science to in"estigate natural and human-induced hazards4 and analy3e ho/ science and technology are necessary 0ut not su++icient +or sol"ing local national and global issues1 &istory and 5ature o+ Science Students /ill analy3e the role science plays in e"eryday li+e and compare di++erent careers in science4 recogni3e that scienti+ic .no/ledge comes +rom empirical standards4 logical arguments2 and s!epticism2 and is sub"ect to change as ne/ e"idence 0ecomes a"aila0le4 and in"estigate ad"ances in science and technology that ha"e important and long#lasting e++ects on science and society1 Key Concepts Students will investigate forces and the effects of forces on the motions of objects.
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Applications and Connections

Grade ' 9 Physical Science September

(opic' ,otions and

Acti"ities)*emonstrators)Connections (Key Vocabulary in Bold Print)

Spring 2002 RevisionPhy. Sc.--Lynn Camp H.S.

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-nergy and 6eat

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(,22!2 ,) =0jects change their motion only /hen a net +orce is applied1 +a/s o& motion are used to descri0e the e++ects o+ +orces on the motions o+ o0jects1 (SC#&#11>11) (,2 !2 ,) *ravity is a universal &orce that each mass e$erts on e"ery other mass1 (SC#&#11>12) Students will examine how energy is transferred (e.g., collisions, light waves) and recognize that the total energy of the universe is constant; distinguish between types of energy (e.g., inetic energy, potential energy, energy fields); examine how everything tends to become less organized and less orderly over time (e.g., heat moves from hotter to cooler objects). (,2!2,) (he total energy o+ the uni"erse is constant1 ?nergy can 0e trans+erred in many /ays2 0ut it can neither 0e created nor destroyed1 (SC#&#11@11) (,2!2,) All energy can 0e considered to 0e either !inetic energy 2 potential energy2 or energy contained 0y a &ield (e1g12 electric2 magnetic2 gra"itational)1 (SC#&#11@12) (,2!2,) 6eat is the mani&estation o+ the random motion and vibrations o+ atoms2 molecules2 and ions1 (he greater the atomic or molecular motion2 the higher the temperature1 (SC#&# 11@1A) (,2!2,) (he universe 0ecomes less orderly and less organi3ed o"er time1 (hus2 the o"erall e++ect is that the energy is spread out uni+ormly1 Bor example2 in the operation o+ mechanical systems2 the use+ul energy output is al/ays less than the energy input4 the di++erence appears as heat1 (SC#&#11@1>) Students will investigate gravitational and electromagnetic forces. (,2!2, ) (he electric &orce is a uni"ersal +orce that exists 0et/een any t/o charged o0jects1 =pposite charges attract /hile li.e charges repel 1 (SC#&#11>1A) (,2 !2,) ?lectricity and magnetism are t/o aspects o+ a single electromagnetic +orce1 Mo"ing electric charges produce magnetic +orces1 Mo"ing magnets produce electric +orces1 (his idea underlines the operation o+ electric motors and generators1 (SC#&#11>1>) Students will investigate energy transfer caused when waves and matter interact (e.g., atoms and molecules can absorb and emit light waves); investigate electrical energy through matter. (,2 !2,) 9aves2 including sound and seismic /a"es2 /a"es on /ater2 and electromagnetic /a"es2 can trans+er energy /hen they interact /ith matter1 Apparent changes in &requency can pro"ide in+ormation a0out relative motion1 (SC#&#11C11) (,2 !2,) ?lectromagnetic /a"es2 including radio /aves2 micro/aves2 in&rared radiation2 visible light2 ultraviolet radiation2 $-rays2 and gamma rays2 result /hen a charged o0ject is accelerated 1 (SC#&#11C12)

Spring 2002 RevisionPhy. Sc.--Lynn Camp H.S.

Grade ' 9 Physical Science ,id3 4eb3 ,arch

(opic' ,atter #toms

Key Concepts Students will analyze atomic structure and electric forces; examine nuclear structure, nuclear force, and nuclear reactions (e.g., fission, fusion, radioactivity). (,2 !2,) ,atter is made up o+ minute particles called atoms2 and atoms are composed o+ e"en smaller components1 (SC#&#11111) (,2!2,) (he components o+ an atom ha"e measura0le properties2 such as mass and electrical charge1 (SC#&#11111) (,2!2,) ?ach atom has a positi"ely charged nucleus surrounded 0y negati"ely charged electrons1 (he electric &orce 0et/een the nucleus and the electrons holds the atom together1 (SC#&#11111) (,2!2,) (he atomDs nucleus is composed o+ protons and neutrons that are much more massi"e than electrons1 Ehen an element has atoms that di++er in the num0er o+ neutrons2 these atoms are called di++erent isotopes o+ the element1 SC#&#11112) (,2!2,) (he &orces that hold the nucleus together2 at nuclear distances 2 are usually stronger than the electric +orces that /ould ma.e it +ly apart1 5uclear reactions con"ert a +raction o+ the mass o+ interacting particles into energy 2 and they can release much greater amounts o+ energy than atomic interactions1 (SC#&#1111A) (,2!2,) 4ission is the splitting o+ a large nucleus into smaller pieces 3 (SC#&#1111A) (,2!2,) 4usion is the joining o+ t/o nuclei at extremely high temperature and pressure1 Busion is the process responsi0le +or the energy o+ the Sun and other stars1 (SC#&#1111A) Students will investigate how the structure of matter (e.g., outer electrons, types of bonds) relate to chemical properties of matter; investigate how the structure of matter (e.g., constituent atoms, distances and angles between atoms) relates to physical properties of matter. (,2!2,) Solids2 liquids2 and gases di++er in the distances 0et/een molecules or atoms and there+ore the energy that 0inds them together1 ,n solids2 the structure is nearly rigid4 in li-uids2 molecules or atoms mo"e around each other 0ut do not mo"e apart4 and in gases2 molecules2 or atoms mo"e almost independently o+ each other and are relati"ely +ar apart1 (SC#&#1121@) (,2!2,) ,n conducting materials2 electrons +lo/ easily4 /hereas2 in insulating materials2 they can hardly +lo/ at all1 Semi-conducting materials ha"e intermediate 0eha"ior1 At lo/ temperatures2 some materials 0ecome superconductors and o++er no resistance to the &lo/ o& electrons1 (SC#&#1121C)

Acti"ities)*emonstrators)Connections (Key Vocabulary in Bold Print)

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States o& ,atter

Spring 2002 RevisionPhy. Sc.--Lynn Camp H.S.

Grade ' 9 Physical Science #pril ,ay

(opic' :hemical Properties

Key Concepts (,2!2,) Atoms interact /ith each other 0y trans+erring or sharing outermost electrons1 (hese outer electrons go"ern the chemical properties o+ the element1 (SC#&#11211) (,2!2,) An element is composed o+ a single type o+ atom1 (SC#&#11212) (,2!2M) Ehen elements are listed in order according to the num0er o+ protons2 repeating patterns o+ physical and chemical properties identi+y +amilies o+ elements /ith similar properties1 (he periodic ta0le is a conse-uence o+ the repeating pattern o+ outermost electrons1 (SC#&#11212) (,2!2,) Bonds 0et/een atoms are created /hen outer electrons are paired 0y 0eing trans+erred or shared1 (SC#&#1121A) (,2!2,) A compound is +ormed /hen t/o or more .inds o+ atoms 0ind together chemically1 (SC#&#1121A) (,2!2,) (he physical properties o+ compounds re+lect the nature o+ the interactions among its molecules1 (hese interactions are determined 0y the structure o+ the molecule including the constituent atoms1 (SC#&#1121>) Students will investigate chemical reactions and the release or consumption of energy; examine the transfer of electrons or hydrogen ions between reacting ions, molecules, or atoms. (,2!2,) Chemical reactions occur all around us and in e"ery cell in our 0odies1 (hese reactions may release or consume energy1 !ates o+ chemical reactions "ary1 !eaction rates depend on concentration2 the temperature2 and properties o+ reactants1 Catalysts speed up chemical reactions1 (SC#&#11A11)

Acti"ities)*emonstrators)Connections (Key Vocabulary in Bold Print)

#pril ,ay

Chemical !eactions

Spring 2002 RevisionPhy. Sc.--Lynn Camp H.S.

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