UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER II
SESSION 2012/2013



COURSE NAME : CIVIL ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS II

COURSE CODE : BFC 14003

PROGRAMME : 1 BFF, 2 BFF

EXAMINATION DATE : JUNE 2013

DURATION : 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTION : ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN PART A
AND THREE (3) QUESTIONS IN PART B










THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF SIX (6) PAGES



CONFIDENTIAL


































CONFIDENTIAL

BFC 14003
2

PART A

Q1 A periodic function is defined by

2 , 0
( )
2 , 0


x
f x
x x
t t
t
< <
=

< <

( ) t 2 ) ( + = x f x f .
(a) Sketch the graph of the function over x t t < < .
(2 marks)
(b) Determine whether the function is even, odd or neither.
(1 marks)
(c) Show that the Fourier series of the function ) (x f

is
( )
( ) ( )
2
1 1
1 1
3 1
2 cos 2 sin
2
n
n n
nx nx
n n
t
t

= =
(


+ E E .
(17 marks)


Q2 (a) Given that + + =
! 6 ! 4 ! 2
1 cos
6 4 2
x x x
x .
(i) Find the first three nonzero terms of a power series for
x
x sin
.
(ii) Hence, evaluate dx
x
x
}
1
0
sin
by using the series expansion.
(6 marks)

(b) (i) Determine whether the series

=1
2
n
n
e
n
converges or diverges by
using ratio test.
(ii) Determine whether the series

1
) 1 (
n
n
n
converges
absolutely, converges conditionally, or diverges by using a
suitable convergence test.
(8 marks)
(c) Find the radius of convergence of
0
3( 2)
n
n
x

.
(6 marks)
BFC 14003
3

PART B

Q3 (a) Solve the differential equation by using the method of separation of variables,
( ) 1 1
dy
x x y
dx
+ = .
Hence, find the particular solution when (1) 0 y = .
(7 marks)
(b) By using the substitution of and ,
dy dv
y xv x v
dx dx
= = + find the solution of
2 2
.
3
dy x y
dx xy
+
=
(6 marks)
(c) In a certain culture of bacteria, the rate of increase is proportional to the
number of present. If it is found that the number doubles in 4 hours, how many
may expected at the end of 12 hours?
(Hints:
dN
kN
dt
= , where N denotes the number of bacteria at time, t hours
and k is the proportionality factor.)
(7 marks)



Q4 (a) Use the method of variation of parameters to solve
sec tan y y x x '' + = ,
which satisfies the initial conditions (0) 0 y = and (0) 2 y' = .
(Hints: 1 tan sec
2 2
= + x x ,
2
sec tan .) x dx x =
}


(10 marks)

(b) A spring is stretched 0.1 m ( ) l = A when a 4 kg mass ( ) M = is attached. The
weight is then pulled down an additional 0.2 m and released with an upward
velocity of 4 m/s. Neglect damping, c. If the general equation describing the
spring-mass system is
BFC 14003
4

0, Mu cu ku '' ' + + =
find an equation for the position of the spring at any time t.
(Hints: weight, , 9.8, .
W
W Mg g k
l
= ~ =
A
)
(10 marks)


Q5 (a) Find
(i)
3 2
5
4
.
t
t
e t
e

+
`
)

(ii)
{ }
3
cosh4 ( 3) . t t t t o +
(iii)
{ }
3
sinh(3 ) ( 3) .
t
t e H t +
(10 marks)

(b) By using Laplace transform, solve

2 , (0) 2, (0) 3.
t
y y y e y y '' ' ' + = = =
(10 marks)



Q6 (a) Find
(i)
1
2 2
5 6
.
4 ( 2) 4
s
s s

+
`
+
)

(ii)
2
1
2
16
.
( 3)( 1)
s
s s

`
+
)

(10 marks)

(b) Find the general solution for the second order differential equation

2
3 2 2 5sin , y y y x x '' ' + = +
by using the undetermined coefficient method.
(10 marks)




BFC 14003
5

FINAL EXAMINATION

SEMESTER / SESSION : SEM II / 2012/2013 COURSE : 1 BFF / 2 BFF
SUBJECT : CIVIL ENGINEERING MATHEMATIC II SUBJECT CODE : BFC 14003
FORMULA
Second-order Differential Equation
The roots of characteristic equation and the general solution for differential equation
. 0 = + ' + ' ' cy y b y a
Characteristic equation: . 0
2
= + + c bm am
Case The roots of characteristic equation General solution
1.
Real and different roots:
1
m and
2
m
x m x m
Be Ae y
2 1
+ =
2.
Real and equal roots:
2 1
m m m = =
mx
e Bx A y ) ( + =
3.
Complex roots: i m | o + =
1
, i m | o =
2

) sin cos ( x B x A e y
x
| |
o
+ =

The method of undetermined coefficients
For non-homogeneous second order differential equation ( ), ay by cy f x '' ' + + = the particular
solution is given by ( )
p
y x :
( ) f x
( )
p
y x
1
1 1 0
( )
n n
n n n
P x A x A x Ax A

= + + + +
1
1 1 0
( )
r n n
n n
x B x B x B x B

+ + + +
x
Ce
o
( )
r x
x Pe
o

cos or sin C x C x | |
( cos sin )
r
x P x Q x | | +
( )
x
n
P x e
o

1
1 1 0
( )
r n n x
n n
x B x B x B x B e
o

+ + + +
cos
( )
sin
n
x
P x
x
|
|

1
1 1 0
1
1 1 0
( ) cos
( )sin
r n n
n n
r n n
n n
x B x B x B x B x
x C x C x C x C x
|
|

+ + + + +
+ + + +

cos
sin
x
x
Ce
x
o
|
|

( cos sin )
r x
x e P x Q x
o
| | +
cos
( )
sin
x
n
x
P x e
x
o
|
|

1
1 1 0
1
1 1 0
( ) cos
( ) sin
r n n x
n n
r n n x
n n
x B x B x B x B e x
x C x C x C x C e x
o
o
|
|

+ + + + +
+ + + +

Note : r is the least non-negative integer (r = 0, 1, or 2) which determine such that there
is no terms in particular integral ) (x y
p
corresponds to the complementary function
) (x y
c
.

The method of variation of parameters
If the solution of the homogeneous equation 0 = + ' + ' ' cy y b y a is ,
2 1
By Ay y
c
+ = then the
particular solution for ) (x f cy y b y a = + ' + ' ' is
,
2 1
vy uy y + =
where ,
) (
2
A dx
aW
x f y
u + =
}
B dx
aW
x f y
v + =
}
) (
1
and
1 2 2 1
2 1
2 1
y y y y
y y
y y
W ' ' =
' '
= .
BFC 14003
6

FINAL EXAMINATION

SEMESTER / SESSION : SEM II / 2012/2013 COURSE : 1 BFF / 2 BFF
SUBJECT : CIVIL ENGINEERING MATHEMATIC II SUBJECT CODE : BFC 14003

Laplace Transform
L
}

= =
0
) ( ) ( )} ( { s F dt e t f t f
st

) (t f ) (s F ) (t f ) (s F
a

s
a
) ( a t H
s
e
as

at
e
a s
1
) ( ) ( a t H a t f
) (s F e
as

at sin
2 2
a s
a
+
) ( a t o
as
e

at cos
2 2
a s
s
+
( ) ( ) f t t a o
( )
as
e f a

at sinh
2 2
a s
a

0
( ) ( )
t
f u g t u du
}
) ( ) ( s G s F
at cosh
2 2
a s
s

( ) y t ) (s Y
n
t , ... , 3 , 2 , 1 = n
1
!
+ n
s
n
( ) y t ' ) 0 ( ) ( y s sY
) (t f e
at

) ( a s F ( ) y t ''
) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) (
2
y sy s Y s '
) (t f t
n
, ... , 3 , 2 , 1 = n ) ( ) 1 ( s F
ds
d
n
n
n



Fourier Series

Fourier series expansion of periodic
function with period L 2
0
1 1
1
( ) cos sin
2
n n
n n
n x n x
f x a a b
L L
t t

= =
= + +


where
}

=
L
L
dx x f
L
a ) (
1
0

}

=
L
L
n
dx
L
x n
x f
L
a
t
cos ) (
1

}

=
L
L
n
dx
L
x n
x f
L
b
t
sin ) (
1

Fourier half-range series expansion



=

=
+ + =
1 1
0
sin cos
2
1
) (
n
n
n
n
L
x n
b
L
x n
a a x f
t t

where
}
=
L
dx x f
L
a
0
0
) (
2

}
=
L
n
dx
L
x n
x f
L
a
0
cos ) (
2 t

}
=
L
n
dx
L
x n
x f
L
b
0
sin ) (
2 t





BFC 14003
7

Marking Scheme
(M method, A answer) Mark Total
Q1
(a)









A2

2
Q1
(b)
Neither A1
1
Q1
(c)

2 x T x t + = +
2 T L =
2 2L t =
L t =

0
1
( )
L
L
a f x dx
L

( = }



0
0
1
2 2 dx xdx
t
t
t
t

( = } + }



| |
0
2
0
1
2 x x
t
t
t
t

(
( = +

(




2 2
1
2t t
t
( = +



3t =




1
( ) cos
L
n L
n x
a f x dx
L L
t

(
= }
(



0
0
1
2 cos( ) 2 cos( ) nx dx x nx dx
t
t
t
t

( = } + }








A1




M1


A1


A1


A1







M1



17
BFC 14003
8

(M method, A answer) Mark Total


u dv

2x cos( ) nx

2 1
sin( ) nx
n


0
2
1
cos( ) nx
n




0
2
0
1 2 2 2
sin( ) sin( ) cos( )
x
nx nx nx
n n n
t
t
t
t

(
( (
= + +
(
( (

(




2 2
1 2 2
cos( ) n
n n
t
t
(
=
(





1
( )sin
L
n L
n x
b f x dx
L L
t

(
= }
(



0
0
1
2 sin( ) 2 sin( ) nx dx x nx dx
t
t
t
t

( = } + }




u dv

2x sin( ) nx

2 1
cos( ) nx
n


0
2
1
sin( ) nx
n




0
2
0
1 2 2 2
cos( ) cos( ) sin( )
x
nx nx nx
n n n
t
t
t
t

(
( (
= + +
(
( (

(




2
n
=


( )
2 2
1
3 1 2 2 2
( ) cos( ) cos( ) sin
2
n
f x n nx nx
n n n
t
t
t

=
(
(
= + E
(
(









M1







A1


A1







M1







M1





A1


A1




A1M1



BFC 14003
9

(M method, A answer) Mark Total

{ }
2
1
3 2 2
( 1) 1 cos( ) sin( )
2
n
n
nx nx
n n
t
t

=
(
= + E
(





( )
( ) ( )
2
1 1
1 1
3 1
2 cos 2 sin
2
n
n n
nx nx
n n
t
t

= =
(


= + E E

A1




A1
Q2
(a) (i)
| |

+ + =
(
(

+ + =
(
(

+ + =
=
120 6
! 6
6
! 4
4
! 2
2
! 6 ! 4 ! 2
1
cos sin
5 3
5 3
6 4 2
x x
x
x x x
x x x
dx
d
x
dx
d
x

So,

+ + =
+ +
=
120 6
120 6
sin
2 / 9 2 / 5
5 3
x x
x
x
x x
x
x
x




M1




A1


A1

3
Q2
(a)
(ii)
. 621 . 0
1320
2
42
2
3
2

1320
2
42
2
3
2

120 6
sin
1
0
2 / 11 2 / 7 2 / 3
1
0
2 / 9 2 / 5
1
0
=
+ + =
(

+ + =
+ + =
} }

x x x
dx
x x
x dx
x
x

M1

A1

A1
3
Q2
(b) (i)

=1
2
n
n
e
n

2
2
1
2 1 2
2 2
( 1)
( 1)
lim lim
1 1 1 1
lim lim 1
1
1 ; the series converges.
n
n
n
n n
n
n n
n
e n
e
n e n
e
n
e n e n
e

+
+
+ +
+ +
+
+
= =
+ | | | |
= = +
| |
\ . \ .
= <






M1




A1A1
3
BFC 14003
10

(M method, A answer) Mark Total
Q2
(b)
(ii)
+ + + =

=
5
1
4
1
3
1
2
1
1
) 1 (
1 n
n
n


Use alternating series test:
(a) + > > > >
5
1
4
1
3
1
2
1
1
(b) 0
1
lim =
+ n n

the series converges.

Use p-series:
2
1
= p ( ) 1 0 s < p
the series diverges.
Conclusion, the series converges conditionally.





M1


A1


M1

A1
A1
5
Q2
(c)
For 2 = x , let
n
n
x u ) 2 ( 3 = .Then

| 2 |
| 2 | lim
) 2 ( 3
) 2 ( 3
lim lim
1
1
=
=

=

+

+

x
x
x
x
u
u
n
n
n
n
n
n
n

Thus, the series converges absolutely if
| 2| 1 x < or 1 3 x < < .
The series diverges if 1 x < or 3 x >

Therefore, the radius of convergence of the series is 1 = R .


M1

M1

A1


M1
A1

A1
6
Q3
(a)

( ) 1 1
dy
x x y
dx
+ =
1 1
dy x
dx
x y
=
+


1
1 1
x
dy dx
x y
} = }
+


2 1 ln(x 1) k y x = + + , k is constant

Given (1) 0 y = , so




A1


M1


M2
A1


7
BFC 14003
11

(M method, A answer) Mark Total
ln(2) 3 k =

2 1 ln(x 1) ln(2) 3 y x = + +
A1

A1
Q3
(b)

2 2
3
dy x y
dx xy
+
=

2 2 2
3 ( )
dv x x v
x v
dx x xv
+
+ =

2
1
3
v
v
+
=

2
1
3
dv v
x v
dx v
+
=

2
1 2
3
v
v

=
2
3 1
1 2
v
dv dx
v x
=

2
3 1
1 2
v
dv dx
v x
} = }

assume
2
1 2 a v =
4
da
v
dv
=

1
4
da vdv =

3 1 1
4
da dx
a x
} = }

2
3
ln 1 2 ln
4
v x k = +


2
3
ln 1 2 ln
4
y
x k
x
| |
= +
|
\ .









A1





M1




A1




M1







A1




A1

6
Q3
(c)

at 0, t =
0
N N = ; 4 t = ,
0
2 N N = ; 12 t = , ? N =

dN
kN
dt
=







7
BFC 14003
12

(M method, A answer) Mark Total
dN
kdt
N
=

1
dN kdt
N
} = }

ln | | N kt c = + , c is constant

kt
N Ae = ,
c
A e =



at 0, t =
0
A N =

So
0
kt
N N e =


at 4 t = ,
4
0 0
2
k
N N e =

4
2
k
e =
4 ln | 2| k =

1
ln | 2|
4
k =
So
1
ln|2|
4
0
t
N N e =

at 12 t = ,
3ln|2|
0
N N e =

0
8N =


At the end of 12 hours, the number of bacteria is 8 times of the
original number.





M1



A1






A1







A1

A1


M1
A1
Q4
(a)
Step 1:
1, ( ) sec tan a f x x x = =

Step 2:
2
1 2
1 2
1 0

Thus,
cos sin
cos sin
sin cos
h
m
m i
y A x B x
y x y x
y x y x
+ =
=
= +
= =
' ' = =








M1





A1





10
BFC 14003
13

(M method, A answer) Mark Total
Step 3:
2 2
cos sin
cos sin 1.
sin cos
x x
W x x
x x
= = + =

Step 4:
2
2
sin sec tan
tan
1 sec
( tan )
u x x x dx
x dx
x dx
x x C
=
=
=
= +
}
}
}


cos sec tan
tan
sin

cos
sin

sin
1

ln | cos |
v x x x dx
x dx
x
dx
x
x du
u x
du
u
x D
=
=
=
=
=
= +
}
}
}
}
}


Step 5:
1 2
(tan ) cos ( ln | cos |) sin
cos sin sin cos sin ln | cos |
sin cos cos sin cos sin tan
cos ln | cos |
y uy vy
x x C x D x x
C x D x x x x x x
y C x D x x x x x x x
x x
= +
= + +
= + +
' = + + + +

When (0) 0, y =
0. C =
When (0) 2, y' =
2. D =

Thus,
2sin sin cos sin ln | cos | . y x x x x x x = +


M1A1



M1




A1


M1








A1





A1












A1
BFC 14003
14

(M method, A answer) Mark Total
Q4
(b)
4(9.8) 39.2
39.2
392
0.1
0
W mg
W
k
l
c
= = =
= = =
A
=


Thus, from 0, mu cu ku '' ' + + =
We get 4 392 0 u u '' + = or 98 0. u u '' + =

The characteristic equation is
2
98 0. m + =
So, 7 2 . m i =
Therefore, ( ) cos(7 2 ) sin(7 2 ). u t A t B t = +
or ( ) cos(9.9 ) sin(9.9 ). u t A t B t = +
( ) 7 2 sin(7 2 ) 7 2 cos(7 2 ). u t A t B t ' = +
The spring is released after pulling it down 0.2 m.
So, we have (0) 0.2 u = .
Since its set in motion with an upward velocity of 4 m/s,
we have (0) 4 u' = . (upward is negative)

These initial conditions give us the equation for the position of the
spring at any time t as
( ) 0.2cos(7 2 ) 0.4041sin(7 2 ). u t t t =
or
1 2 2
( ) cos(7 2 ) sin(7 2 ).
5 7
u t t t =
A1


A1







A1

M1
A1

A1
A1



A1

A1





A1
10
Q5(a)
(i)
{ } { }
3 2
5
3 2 5
3
4
4
2 4
( 3) 5
t
t
t t
e t
e
e t e
s s

+
`
)
= +
= +
+




M1


A1A1
3
Q5(a)
(ii)
{ }
{ } { }
3
3
2
3
2 2
cosh 4 ( 3)
cosh 4 ( 3)
16
27
( 16)
s
t t t t
t t t t
s
e
s
o
o

+
= +
+
= +

M1


A1A1

3
BFC 14003
15

(M method, A answer) Mark Total
Q5(a)
(iii)
{ }
{ } { }
{ } { }
{ } { }
3
3
3[( 3) 3]
9 3( 3)
9 3
2
sinh(3 ) ( 3)
sinh(3 ) ( 3)
sinh(3 ) ( 3)
sinh(3 ) ( 3)
3
9 3
t
t
t
t
s
t e H t
t e H t
t e H t
t e e H t
e
s s
+

+
= +
= +
= +
= +








M1

A1

A1A1
4
Q5(b)

{ } { } { } { }
( )
( )
2
2
2
2
3 2 2
3
2 , (0) 2, (0) 3
2
1
( ) (0) (0) 2 ( ) (0) ( )
1
1
( ) 2 3 2 ( ) 4 ( )
1
1
2 1 ( ) 2 1
1
1
( 1) ( ) 2 1
1
1 2 1
( )
( 1) ( 1) ( 1)
1 2
( )
( 1)
t
t
y y y e y y
y y y e
s Y s sy y sY s y Y s
s
s Y s s sY s Y s
s
s s Y s s
s
s Y s s
s
s
Y s
s s s
Y s
s
'' ' ' + = = =
'' ' + =
' + =

+ + + =

+ = +

= +

= +

= +

{ }
2
2 2
1
1
3 2
2
1
( 1)
Byusing partial fraction,
2 1
( 1) 1 ( 1)
2, 1
( ) ( )
1 2 1
( 1) 1 ( 1)
1
2
2
t t t
s
s
s A B
s s s
A B
y t Y s
s s s
e t e e t

+
= +

= =
=

=
`

)
=






M1


A1

A1


M1



A1





M1


A1

A1A1A1
10
Q6(a)
(i)
1
2 2
1 1
2 2
2
5 6
4 ( 2) 4
6
5
4 ( 2) 4
5cosh 2 3 sin 2
t
s
s s
s
s s
t e t

+
`
+
)


= +
` `
+
)
)
= +





M1


A1A1
3
BFC 14003
16

(M method, A answer) Mark Total
Q6(a)
(ii)
2
1
2
2
2 2
2 2
2 2
2
1
2
1 1
16
( 3)( 1)
Bypartial fraction,
16
( 3)( 1) 3 1 ( 1)
16 ( 1) ( 1)( 3) ( 3)
16 ( ) (2 2 ) ( 3 3 )
9, 7, 4
16
( 3)( 1)
9 7
3 1
s
s s
s A B C
s s s s s
s A s B s s C s
s A B s A B C s A B C
A B C
s
s s
s s

`
+
)
= + +
+ + +
= + + + +
= + + + +
= = =

`
+
)

= +
`
+
)
1
2
3
4
( 1)
9 7 4
t t t
s
e e e t

` `
+
)
)
= +






M1


M1
A1





A1

A1A1A1
7
BFC 14003
17

(M method, A answer) Mark Total
Q6(b)

2
2
1 2
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
1 1 1
3 2 2 5sin , (0) 0, (0) 2
3 2 0
2, 1
( ) 2
0 .......(i)
Compare with , no termalike, accept (i)
2
2
3 2 2
2 3(2
x x
h
r
p
p
h
p
p
p p p
y y y x x y y
m m
m m
y Ae Be
f x x
y x Cx Dx E
r y Cx Dx E
y
y Cx D
y C
y y y x
C C
'' ' ' + = + = =
+ =
= =
= +
= +
( = + +

= = + +
' = +
'' =
'' ' + = +

| |
2 2
2 2
2
1
2
2
2
2
) 2( ) 2
2 ( 6 2 ) (2 3 2 3) 2
1 3 11
, ,
2 2 4
1 3 11
2 2 4
( ) 5sin
cos sin
0 cos sin ............(ii)
Compare with , no termalike, accept (ii)
sin cos
p
r
p
p
h
p
x D Cx Dx E x
Cx C D x C D E x
C D E
y x x
f x x
y x K x L x
r y K x L x
y
y K x L
+ + + + = +
+ + + + = +
= = =
= + +
=
= +
= = +
' = +
2
2 2 2
2
2 2
cos sin
3 2 5sin
cos sin 3( sin cos ) 2( cos sin ) 5sin
( 3 ) cos (3 ) sin 5sin
3 1
,
2 2
3 1
cos sin
2 2
1 3 11 3 1
cos sin
2 2 4 2 2
p
p p p
p
x x
x
y K x L x
y y y x
K x L x K x L x K x L x x
K L x K L x x
K L
y x x
y Ae Be x x x x
'' =
'' ' + =
+ + + =
+ + =
= =
=
= + + + +




M1

A1



M1




A1




A
1
2



A1




M1



A1



A
1
2




A1


A1
10