INTERFACES IN TRANSLATION (Malone, 1988) Primary Organiza ional Com!

onen " (#o$%e , 18&8)

Se$on'ary Organiza ional Com!onen "

Consider the following example:

an( ) analy i$ ran"la ion

One *ay o+ a!!re$ia ing ,e distinction between semantics and morphosyntax i" o i"ola e $a"e" *,ere a meaning " ay" more or le"" $on" an *,ile ,e +ormal a!!ara -" $on.eying ,a meaning .arie"( S-$, "i -a ion" a/o-n' in ran"la ion /e *een lang-age" a" 'i""imilar a" T-r%i", an' Engli",, an' ,e e0am!le in (1(2) $on ain" "e.eral $a"e" in !oin ( 3,ile ,e meaning o+ ,e 4-e" ion a"%e' /y ,e 5-'ge (1(2$) i" (a!!ro0ima ely) i'en i$al in /o , e0 ", in T-r%i", ,e in erroga i.e +-n$ ion ("ym/olize' /y Q in ,e analy i$ ran"la ion) i" e0!re""e' MORP#EMICALL6, /y ,e !ar i$le m in msn (787 in ,e analy i$ ran"la ion 789yo-7), *,ile in Engli", ,e +-n$ ion i" e0!re""e' TACMEMICALL6, /y !re!o"ing ,e "-/5e$ you o ,e .er/ drink *i , ,e ,el! o+ ,e a-0iliary .er/ do( (For a 'e+ini ion o+ ,e a/o.e erm", $+( :loom+iel' (1922;1<19<8)( T,e 5o%e al"o $on ain" a +e* ill-" ra ion" o+ pragmatic force, ranging +rom ,e !a en o ,e "-/ le( On ,e !a en "i'e are religio-"9$-l -ral milie- $on'i ion" +or -n'er" an'ing ,a in ra'i ionally " ri$ Mo"lem $o-n rie" (in ,i" $a"e, O oman T-r%ey) im/i/ing al$o,ol i" a $rime, !ar i$-larly '-ring ,e ,oly mon , o+ Rama'an( On ,e "-/ ler "i'e i" ,e +a$ ,a ,e "-$$e"" o+ ,e 5o%e 'e!en'" -!on T-r%i", an' Engli", ",aring a !a ern o+ CON=ERSATIONAL IMPLICAT>RE (?ri$e (19@&)); a reg-lari y *,ere/y, in ,i" $a"e, an - eran$e ,a i" "eman i$ally a re4-e" +or "im!le in+orma ion (("$) icki kullanl msn ) ( $) do you drinkA) may /e !ragma i$ally -n'er" oo' a" a .e,i$le $on.eying a !oli e o++er (7May I o++er yo- a 'rin%A7)( I+ "o-r$e an' arge lang-age" 'i' no ",are ,i" im!li$a -re a" o+ en ,ey 'o no ,e ran"la or *o-l' /e ,ar' !- in'ee' o !ro.i'e a na -rali" i$ (a" o!!o"e' o !,ilologi$al) arge ren'i ion( T,e difference between morphology and lexicology may /e ill-" ra e' ,an'ily *i , *o e0am!le" +rom (1(2 '); ,o-g, ,e -ni " thank, you, an' offering are mor!,ologi$al o/5e$ ", 4-a *or'", ,e $orre"!on'ing le0eme" are ,e *o *or'" thank an' you a%en a" -ni ", ,e "-!ra9*or' gro-! thank you a%en a" a "e e0!re""ion, an' ,e in+ra9*or' -ni " (mor!,eme") offer an' -ing(

Tra5e$ ion"
A TRABECTION may /e $,ara$ erize' a" any o+ a n-m/er o+ /a"i$ !lerema i$ ran"la ional !a ern" in o *,i$, a gi.en "o-r$e9 arge !airing may !ar ially /e re"ol.e'( Preliminary Examples (a) Matching (Ma ) ("-/"-me" *o o!era ion"; equation an' substitution) E4-a ion (E4-) o/ ain" *,en an elemen o+ ,e "o-r$e e0 (A ) i" ren'ere' /y a arge e0 elemen 'eeme' ,e mo" " raig, +or*ar' $o-n er!ar a.aila/le (E )C "$,ema i$ally , or more "im!ly, ( S-/" i - ion (S-/) o/ ain" *,en a "o-r$e e0 elemen (A ) i" ren'ere' /y a arge elemen 'eeme' a" /eing o ,er ,an ,e mo" " raig, +or*ar' $o-n er!ar a.aila/le (S )C (
" a " a

E0am!le" may /e !ro.i'e' +rom a line o+ Ol' Iri", .er"e( In ,er Engli", ren'i ion o+ ,e anonymo-" !oem 7T,e 3oman 3,o Rea!" ,e 3a er$re""7, R- , Le,mann ran"la e" (1(1") a" (1(1 )( T,e ra5e$ ion i" E4-a ion *,ile i" S-/" i - ion( Re+eren ially, uisci i" 7*a er7 *,ile mid re+er" o a /e.erage *i , ,e !,y"i$al an' $-l -ral !ro!er ie" o+ 7mea'7, no 7*ine7( (No e ,a ,e an$ien Iri", 'i' ,a.e a /e.erage *i , ,e !ro!er ie" o+ *ine, one *,i$, ,ey name' fon( T,-" *o-l' /e E4-a ion, a" *o-l' () (/) ig!agging (Dig) ("-/"-me" *o o!era ion"; divergence an' convergence) Ei.ergen$e (Ei.) ,ol'" *,ere an elemen o+ ,e "o-r$e e0 (A ) may /e ma!!e' on o any o+ *o or more al erna i.e" in ,e arge e0 (: , C )C ( Con.ergen$e (Cn.), a" ,e in.er"e o+ Ei.ergen$e, i" ,e ra5e$ ion *,ere/y *o or more 'i" in$ "o-r$e e0 elemen " (: , C ) may ea$, /e ma!!e' on o one an' ,e "ame arge elemen (A )C (
" " "

E0am!le" may /e !ro.i'e' *i , ran"la ion" +rom an' o Engli",, *,i$, " an'" a!ar +rom mo" mo'ern E-ro!ean lang-age" in ,a.ing only one -n'i++eren ia e' "e$on' !er"on "ing-lar !rono-n you, $orre"!on'ing o +amiliar9+ormal 'o-/le " in Fren$, (tu-"ous), S!ani", (t#$sted), R-""ian (ty-"y), ?erman (du-%ie), e $( T,-", ran"la ion +rom Engli", o "-$, lang-age" *ill normally re4-ire Ei.ergen ra5e$ ion o+ you, *,ile ran"la ion in ,e o!!o"i e 'ire$ ion *ill o+ en o$$a"ion Con.ergen$e( So in an Ameri$an my" ery no.el, a 'e e$ i.e i" +ir" a''re""e' /y a "o$ially $lo"e +ello* 'e e$ i.e *i , ,e " a emen in (1(F"a) an' ,en /y ,i" "o$ially 'i" an em!loyer *i , (l(F"/), " a emen " *,o"e -n'i++eren ia e' !rono-n you S ein/a$, ,a" a!!ro!ria ely Ei.erge' in ,er ?erman ran"la ion o &u an' %ie in (l(F a) an' (1(F /), re"!e$ i.ely( Con.er"ely, *,en in ,e ?erman original o+ #einri$, :Gll7" no.el 'illiards at (alf Past )ine, a "ea"one' inma e o+ a men al ,o"!i al +ir" a''re""e" a ne* inma e +ormally *i , %ie (l(2"a), ,en, a" +amiliari y gro*", "*i $,e" o du (l(2"/), ,e ran"la or "im!ly Con.erge" in o Engli", you in /o , $a"e" (1(2 a,/)( c* +ecrescence (R$r) ("-/"-me" *o o!era ion"; amplification an' reduction Am!li+i$a ion (Am!) o/ ain" *,en ,e arge e0 !i$%" -! an elemen (: ) in a''i ion o a $o-n er!ar (A ) o+ "ome "o-r$e elemen (A )C ( In ,e in.er"e ra5e$ ion Re'-$ ion (Re'), a "o-r$e e0!re""ion (A: ) i" !ar ially ma!!e' on o a arge $o-n er!ar (A ) an' !ar ially omi e' +rom ,e ran"la ionC (
" "

E0am!le" o+ /o , y!e" o+ Re$re"$en$e are gi.en in (1(H), an e0$er! +rom Io/o A/e7" Ba!ane"e no.el ,he -oman in the &unes, *,ere ,e *oman o+ ,e i le yell" -! +rom ,er ,o-"e in ,e "an' !i o ell an ol' man a ,e o! o+ ,e '-ne *,ere o +in' ,e ro!e la''er /y *,i$, ,e no.el7" ,ero *ill, in a momen , $lim/ 'o*n o ,i" +a e( T,e Am!li+i$a ion $on"i" " in ran"la or Sa-n'er"7" e0!an'ing .oko 7#ereJ7 o 7#ere I amJ7, *,ile ,e Re'-$ ion in.ol.e" non ran"la ion o+ ,e $on5-n$ ion kara (ro-g,ly a !ragma i$ analog-e o+ 7/e$a-"e7 *,ere/y % kara $on.ey" 7I "ay S /e$a-"e o+ i " rele.an$e o *,a yo- mean o 'o7in ,i" $a"e, lo*er ,e la''er in o ,e "an' !i )( ') +epackaging (R!%) ("-/"-me" *o o!era ion"; diffusion an' condensation) Ei++-"ion (Ei+) i" ,e ra5e$ ion *,ere/y a "o-r$e gro-! A: i", in any o+ a .arie y o+ *ay", -n!a$%e' or "!rea' o- in o a more loo"ely organize' arge $o-n er!ar , a "i -a ion o /e "ym/olize' ( T,e in.er"e ra5e$ ion i" Con'en"a ion (Cn'), *,ere/y a "o-r$e " ring i", again in any o+ .arie y o+ *ay", more ig, ly /o-n' or !a$%e' oge ,er in ,e arge C

An e0am!le o+ /o , y!e" o+ Re!a$%aging may /e !ro.i'e' +rom ,e :i/le, *i , Mo"e"7" *or'" o ?o' (gi.en in (1(&"))( T,e Iing Bame" ran"la ion (l(& a) i" Ei++-"ional; *,ile ,e original #e/re* " ring" ea$, $on"i" o+ *o ig, ly /o-n' *or'" (an( 7mo- ,9,ea.y7 an' 7 ong-e9,ea.y7), ,e Engli", ran"la ion" $on"i" o+ loo"ely /o-n' !,ra"e" $om!ri"e' o+ "e.eral *or'" ea$,( On ,e o ,er ,an', ,e ?ree% ran"la ion" in (1(& /) are Con'en"a ional, ea$, #e/re* " ring /eing ren'ere' /y one $om!le0 *or' (an( 7!oor.oi$e'7 an' 7,ea.y ong-e'7)( e) +eordering (Rr')( T,i" i" the only unpaired trajection; i in.ol.e" a 'i++eren$e in !o"i ioning /e *een "o-r$e an' arge elemen "C An e0am!le i" !ro.i'e' in (1(<), *,ere Eon 8-i0o e !ro!,e"ie" an ely"ian !or rayal o+ ,e +- -re o San$,o Panza( In Cer.an e"7 original S!ani", ,e !ro'-$ " (+ir" $ol-mn) ea$, !re$e'e ,eir origin" ("e$on' $ol-mn), e(g( asiento 7"ea 7 !re$e'e" los troncos de los dursimos acorno/ues 7 ,e r-n%" o+ ,e ,ar' $or%9 ree"7( In ,i" Engli", ran"la ion, ,o*e.er, Orm"/y Reor'er" ,i" arrangemen C#IASTICALL6, o !la$e ,e origin" /e+ore ,eir !ro'-$ "(

Consider the following fragment0 identify as many tra1ections employed in its translation as you can:

I am an Ameri$an, C,i$ago /orn99 C,i$ago, ,a "om/er $i y99an' go a ,ing" a" I ,a.e a-g, my"el+, +ree9 " yle, an' *ill ma%e ,e re$or' in my o*n *ay; +ir" o %no$%, +ir" a'mi e'C "ome ime" an inno$en %no$%, "ome ime" a no "o inno$en ( :- a man7" $,ara$ er i" ,i" +a e, "ay" #era$li -", an' in ,e en' ,ere i"n7 any *ay o 'i"g-i"e ,e na -re o+ ,e %no$%" /y a$o-" i$al *or% on ,e 'oor or glo.ing ,e %n-$%le"( E.ery/o'y %no*" ,ere i" no +inene"" or a$$-ra$y o+ "-!!re""ionC i+ yo- ,ol' 'o*n one ,ing yo- ,ol' 'o*n ,e a'5oining( My o*n !aren " *ere no m-$, o me, ,o-g, I $are' +or my mo ,er( S,e *a" "im!le9min'e', an' *,a I learne' +rom ,er *a" no *,a ",e a-g, , /- on ,e or'er o+ o/5e$ le""on"( S,e 'i'n7 ,a.e m-$, o ea$,, !oor *oman( My /ro ,er" an' I lo.e' ,er( I "!ea% +or ,em /o ,C +or ,e el'er i i" "a+e eno-g,C +or ,e yo-nger one, ?eorgie, I ,a.e o an"*er99,e *a" /orn an i'io 99/- I7m in no nee' o g-e"", +or ,e ,a' a "ong ,e "ang a" ,e ran 'rag+oo e' *i , ,i" " i++ i'io 7" ro , -! an' 'o*n along ,e $-rl9*ire' +en$e in ,e /a$%yar';

S-n ameri$an, nK"$- Ln C,i$ago M C,i$ago, oraN-l $el "-m/r- M Ni m9am e'-$a "K +a$ l-$r-rile Ln r9-n +el an-me, 'ega5a , "K Lmi +a$ "imOi K !rezenOa Ln " il-l me- !ro!ri-; "-n !rim-l $are /a la -NK, !rim-l $are in r-C -neori -n $io$Kni ino$en , al eori n- o$mai( Ear $ara$ er-l om-l-i e" e 'e" in-l l-i, "!-ne #era$li , Ni !PnK la -rmK n- ai $-m 'eg,iza na -ra $io$Kni -rilor meN erin' la a$-" i$a -Nii "a- !-nPn' mKn-Ni !e mPna $are /a e( Toa K l-mea N ie $K n- e0i" K +ineOe "a- a$-ra eOe Ln "-!rimareC 'a$K ai !-" mPna !e -n l-$r-, a -n$i ai !-" mPna Ni !e $ele alK -ra e l-i( PKrinOii mei n- a- Ln"emna mare l-$r- !en r- mine, 'eNi Oineam la mama( A.ea o min e "im!lK Ni $e am Ln.KOa 'e la ea n9a +o" $e a Ln$er$a ea "K mK9 n.eOe, $i or'inea le$Oiilor( N- !rea a.ea /ia a +emeie $e "K mK Ln.eOe( Qi e- Ni +raOii mei o i-/eam( =or/e"$ Ln n-mele amPn'-roraC Ln $eea $e9l !ri.eN e !e +ra ele me- mai mare, $re' $K ngreNe"$( CP 'e"!re $el mai mi$, ?eorgie, re/-ie "K .or/e"$ e- !en r- el M $K$i "9a nK"$- re ar'a M 'ar n9am mare ne.oie "K Ln$er$ "K g,i$e"$ a$e" l-$r-, Ln r-$P a.ea -n $Pn e$ !e $are Ll $Pn a $Pn' alerga $- !aNi PrNiOi Ln ri m-l

l-i Oea!Kn 'e $re in, Ln "-"-l Ni9n 5o"-l gar'-l-i 'e "PrmK 'in "!a ele $a"ei; ?eorgie Ma,$,y, A-gie, Simey ?eorgie Ma,$,y, A-gie, Simey, 3innie Ma,$,y, e.*y, e.*y lo.e 3innie Ma,$,y, noi9noi o i-/im Mama( !e Mama( #e *a" rig, a/o- e.eryone ANa era, mai !-Oin Ln $e9l !ri.eN e !e "a.e 3innie, ?ran'ma La-"$,7" 3innie, !-'el-l :-ni$ii La-"$,, o !oo'le, a !-r"y ol' o.er+e' 'og( $KOel-NK $are gP+Pia 'e /K rPnK Ni Mama *a" 3innie7" "er.an , a" ",e Ln'o!a K $e era( Mama o "l-5ea !e *a" ?ran'ma La-"$,7"( Lo-'9 3innie aNa $-m o "l-5ea Ni !e :-ni$a /rea ,ing an' *in'9/rea%ing, ",e lay La-"$,( RK"-+lPn' gre- Ni "$K!Pn' near ,e ol' la'y7" " ool on a $-",ion .Pn -ri, animal-l Ne'ea !e "$K-nel-l em/roi'ere' *i , a :er/er aiming a /K rPnei 'oamne, !e o !ern-OK /ro'a K ri+le a a lion( S,e *a" !er"onally $- -n /er/er o$,in' $- !-N$a -n le-( Ri ?ran'ma7", /elonge' o ,er "-i eC ,e a!arOinea :-ni$ii !er"onal, +K$ea !ar e re" o+ -" *ere ,e go.erne', an' 'in "-i a eiC iar noi re" -l eram Ln e"!e$ially Mama( Mama !a""e' ,e "-/or'inea ei, mai ale" Mama( Mama Li 'og7" 'i", o ?ran'ma, an' 3innie 'K'ea :-ni$ii +ar+-ri-Oa $Pinel-i, iar re$ei.e' ,er +oo' a ,e ol' la'y7" +ee 3innie LNi !rimea mPn$area la +rom ,e ol' la'y7" ,an'"( T,e"e ,an'" !i$ioarele /K rPnei 'oamne, 'in mPinile an' +ee *ere "mallC ",e *ore a ei( A.ea mPini Ni !i$ioare mi$iC !-r a -n ",ri.ele' "or o+ li"le on ,er leg" an' +el 'e $iora!i 'e !la"K Ln$reOi K !e ,er "-!!er" *ere gray 99a,, ,e gray o+ !i$ioare Ni a.ea $i!i$i $en-Nii M o,, ,a +el , ,e gray 'e"!o i$ o "o-l"99 $en-Ni-l +e r-l-i a$ela, $en-Ni-l, 'e"!o *i , !in% ri/9 /on"( Mama, ,o*e.er, al "-+le -l-i M $- +-n'-liOe roz( Mama ,a' large +ee , an' aro-n' ,e ,o-"e Ln"K a.ea !i$ioare mari, Ni !-r a !an o+i ",e *ore men7" ",oe", -"-ally *i ,o- /Kr/K eN i Ln $-r e, +KrK Nire -ri, Ni o " ring", an' a '-" ing or mo/$a! li%e $Pr!K !e $a! "a- o "$-+ie $e "emKna $- o "ome/o'y7" +an$i+-l $o on e++igy o+ e+igie !re enOioa"K 'e /-m/a$ Ln +ormK ,e +orm o+ ,e /rain( S,e *a" mee% 'e $reier( Era /lPn'K Ni Lnal K, $- o$,i an' long, ro-n'9eye' li%e ?eorgie99 ro -nzi $a ai l-i ?eorgie M niN e o$,i gen le green ro-n' eye" an' a gen le /la5ini, iar +aOa ei l-ng-iaOK a.ea o +re",ne"" o+ $olor in ,er long +a$e( $-loare !roa"!K K Ni /la5inK( A.ea #er ,an'" *ere *or%re''ene', ",e mPinile LnroNi e 'e m-n$K, +oar e !-Oini ,a' .ery +e* o+ ,er ee , le+ 99 o ,ee' 'inOi Ln g-rK M $are "K mai OinK !ie! ,e %no$%" a" ,ey $ome99an' ",e an' lo.i -rilor Ln're! a e a"-!rK9i M Ni ea Ni Simon *ore ,e "ame ra.elly $oa 9 Simon !-r a- a$eleaNi !-lo.ere l-ngi Ni "*ea er"( 'e" rKma e( Pe lPngK +a! -l $K a.ea o$,ii :e"i'e" ,a.ing ro-n' eye", ro -nzi, Mama a.ea o$,elari $ir$-lari Mama ,a' $ir$-lar gla""e" ,a I *en !en r- $are am Ln"oOi 9o la 'i"!en"ar-l *i , ,er o ,e +ree 'i"!en"ary on +KrK !la K 'e !e #arri"on S ree ( #arri"on S ree o ge ( Coa$,e' /y EK"$Kli 'e :-ni$a La-"$,, m9am a!-$a ?ran'ma La-"$,, I *en o 'o ,e "K min ( A$-ma, N i- +oar e /ine $K nlying( No* I %no* i *a"n7 "o era nea!Kra ne.oie "K min , Ln"K oOi ne$e""ary o lie, /- ,en e.eryone $re'eam $K aNa "e $-.ine, mai ale" ,o-g, "o, an' ?ran'ma La-"$, :-ni$a La-"$,, $are era -n-l 'in a$ei e"!e$ially, *,o *a" one o+ ,o"e ma$$,ia.elli 'e -liOK Ni 'e $ar ier $are Ma$,ia.elli" o+ "mall " ree an' mi9a- !o!-la oa K $o!ilKria( ANa $K neig,/or,oo' ,a my yo-ng year" :-ni$a, $e a.ea !lan-l ga a Ln$K Lnain e *ere +-ll o+( So ?ran'ma, *,o ,a' i 'e a ieNi noi 'in $a"K Ni $are !ro/a/il $K

all rea'y /e+ore *e le+ ,e ,o-"e an' m-" ,a.e !- in ,o-r" !lo ing i oin ,o-g, an' !,ra"e, lying "mall in ,er $,illy "mall room -n'er ,e +ea ,er/e', ga.e i o me a /rea%+a" ( T,e i'ea *a" ,a Mama *a"n7 %een eno-g, o 'o i rig, ( T,a may/e one 'i'n7 nee' o /e %een 'i'n7 o$$-r o -"C i *a" a $on e" ( T,e 'i"!en"ary *o-l' *an o %no* *,y ,e C,ari ie" 'i'n7 !ay +or ,e gla""e"( So yo- m-" "ay no ,ing a/o- ,e C,ari ie", /,a "ome ime" money +rom my +a ,er $ame an' "ome ime" i 'i'n7 , an' ,a Mama oo% /oar'er"( T,i" *a", in a 'eli$a e an' $,oo"y *ay, /y ignoring an' omi ing $er ain large +a$ ", r-e( I *a" r-e eno-g, +or ,em, an' a ,e age o+ nine I $o-l' a!!re$ia e ,i" !er+e$ ly( :e er ,an my /ro ,er Simon, *,o *a" oo /l-n +or ,i" %in' o+ mane-.er an', any*ay, +rom /oo%", ,a' go en ,ol' o+ "ome Engli", "$,ool/oy no ion" o+ ,onor( Tom :ro*n7" S$,ool'ay" +or many year" ,a' an in+l-en$e *e *ere no in a !o"i ion o a++or'( ,he 2d"entures of 2ugie Marc3 4 Sa-l :ello*

!e re$-"e ore Ln Nir !-nPn' o -l la $ale 'in +ir a !Kr, Ln im! $e Ne'ea mi$K Ln $KmKr-Oa ei mi$K Ni Lng,eOa K "-/ !la!-ma 'e !-+, m9a !-" $om!le Ln emK la mi$-l 'e5-n( I'eea +iin' $K Mama n- era 'e" -l 'e agerK "K '-$K !lan-l la /-n "+PrNi ( CK !oa e n- era ne.oie "K +ii ager !en r- aNa $e.a ni$i $K ne9a re$- !rin $a!C era o Ln re$ere( Ei"!en"ar-l a.ea "K .rea "K N ie 'e $e Mama n- !rimea /ani !en r- o$,elari 'in !en"ia "o$ialK( ANa $K n- re/-ia "K !omeneN i nimi$ 'e"!re a" a, $i $K /anii 'e la a a -neori .enea- iar al eori n-, Ni $K Mama a.ea $,iriaNi 'in $a-za a" a( Pro$e'am la mo'-l 'eli$a Ni 'e" -l 'e "ele$ i., ignorPn' Ni omiOPn' an-mi e +a! e 'e" -l 'e im!or an e, e 're! ( Era Ln"K Ln'ea5-n" 'e $re'i/il !en r- ei, iar la .Pr" a 'e no-K ani eram 'e5a Ln " are "K Lmi 'a- !er+e$ "eama( Ori$-m, mai /ine 'e$P +ra e9me- Simon, $are era !rea neNle+-i !en r- gen-l K" a 'e mane.rK Ni $are Ln ori$e $az $K!K a"e 'in $KrOi n- N i- $e "oi 'e noOi-ni 'e N$olar /ri ani$ 'e"!re onoare( ilele de 5coal6 ale lui ,om 'rown a a.- o grKma'K 'e ani o in+l-enOK !e $are n- eram Ln !oziOia 'e a ne9o !ermi e(

Homework 1: ,ranslate the following text0 identify the tra1ections you made use of: T,e /oy", a" ,ey al%e' o ,e girl" +rom Mar$ia :laine S$,ool, " oo' on ,e +ar "i'e o+ ,eir /i$y$le" ,ol'ing ,e ,an'le/ar", *,i$, e" a/li",e' a !ro e$ i.e +en$e o+ /i$y$le /e *een ,e "e0e", an' ,e im!re""ion ,a a any momen ,e /oy" *ere li%ely o /e a*ay( T,e girl" $o-l' no a%e o++ ,eir !anama ,a " /e$a-"e ,i" *a" no +ar +rom ,e "$,ool ga e" an' ,a le""ne"" *a" an o++en$e( Cer ain 'e!ar -re" +rom ,e !ro!er "e o+ ,e ,a on ,e ,ea' *ere o.erloo%e' in ,e $a"e o+ +o-r ,9+orm girl" an' -!*ar'" "o long a" no/o'y *ore ,eir ,a a an angle( :- ,ere *ere o ,er "-/ le .arian " +rom ,e or'inary r-le o+ *earing ,e /rim -rne' -! a ,e /a$% an' 'o*n a ,e +ron ( T,e +i.e girl", " an'ing .ery $lo"e o ea$, o ,er /e$a-"e o+ ,e /oy", *ore ,eir ,a " ea$, *i , a 'e+ini e 'i++eren$e( T,e"e girl" +orme' ,e :ro'ie "e ( T,a *a" *,a ,ey ,a' /een $alle' e.en /e+ore ,e ,ea'mi" re"" ,a' gi.en ,em ,e name, in "$orn, *,en ,ey ,a' mo.e' +rom ,e B-nior o ,e Senior "$,ool a ,e age o+ *el.e( A ,a ime ,ey ,a' /een imme'ia ely re$ogni"a/le a" Mi"" :ro'ie7" !-!il", /eing .a" ly in+orme' on a lo o+ "-/5e$ " irrele.an o ,e a- ,ori"e' $-rri$-l-m, a" ,e ,ea'mi" re"" "ai', an' -"ele"" o ,e "$,ool a" a "$,ool( T,e"e girl" *ere 'i"$o.ere' o ,a.e ,ear' o+ ,e :-$,mani e" an' M-""olini, ,e I alian Renai""an$e !ain er", ,e a'.an age" o ,e "%in o+ $lean"ing $ream an' *i $,9,azel o.er ,one" "oa! an' *a er, an' ,e *or' Smenar$,eSC ,e in erior 'e$ora ion o+ ,e Lon'on ,o-"e o+ ,e a- ,or o+ -innie the Pooh ,a' /een 'e"$ri/e' o ,em, a" ,a' ,e lo.e li.e" o+ C,arlo e :ron e an' o+ Mi"" :ro'ie ,er"el+( T,ey *ere a*are o+ ,e e0i" en$e o+ Ein" ein an' ,e arg-men " o+ ,o"e *,o $on"i'ere' ,e :i/le o /e -n r-e( T,ey %ne* ,e r-'imen " o+ a" rology /- no ,e 'a e o+ ,e :a le o+ Flo''en or ,e $a!i al o+ Finlan'( All o+ ,e :ro'ie "e , "a.e one, $o-n e' on i " +inger", a" ,a' Mi"" :ro'ie, *i , a$$-ra e re"-l " more or le""( :y ,e ime ,ey *ere "i0 een, an' ,a' rea$,e' ,e +o-r , +orm, an' loi ere' /eyon' ,e ga e" a+ er "$,ool, an' ,a' a'a! e' ,em"el.e" o ,e or ,o'o0 regime, ,ey remaine' -nmi" a%a/ly :ro'ie, an' *ere all +amo-" in ,e "$,ool, *,i$, i" o "ay ,ey *ere ,el' in "-"!i$ion an' no m-$, li%ing( T,ey ,a' no eam "!iri an' .ery li le in $ommon *i , ea$, o ,er o- "i'e ,eir $on in-ing +rien'",i! *i , Bean :ro'ie( S,e " ill a-g, in ,e B-nior 'e!ar men ( S,e *a" ,el' in grea "-"!i$ion( Mar$ia :laine S$,ool +or ?irl" *a" a 'ay "$,ool *,i$, ,a' /een !ar ially en'o*e' in ,e mi''le o+ ,e nine een , $en -ry /y ,e *eal ,y *i'o* o+ an E'in/-rg, /oo%9/in'er( S,e ,a' /een an a'mirer o+ ?ari/al'i /e+ore ",e 'ie'( #er manly !or rai ,-ng in ,e grea ,all, an' *a" ,ono-re' e.ery Fo-n'er7" Eay /y a /-n$, o+ ,ar'9*earing +lo*er" "-$, a" $,ry"an ,em-m" or 'a,lia"( T,e"e *ere !la$e' in a .a"e /enea , ,e !or rai , -!on a le$ ern *,i$, al"o ,el' an o!en :i/le *i , ,e e0 -n'erline' in re' in%, SO *,ere ",all I +in' a .ir -o-" *oman, +or ,er !ri$e i" a/o.e r-/ie"(S T,e girl" *,o loi ere' /enea , ,e ree, ",o-l'er o ",o-l'er, .ery $lo"e o ea$, o ,er /e$a-"e o+ ,e /oy", *ere all +amo-" +or "ome ,ing( No*, a "i0 een, Moni$a Eo-gla" *a" a !re+e$ , +amo-" mo" ly +or ma ,ema i$" *,i$, ",e $o-l' 'o in ,er /rain, an' +or ,er anger *,i$,, *,en i *a" li.ely eno-g,, 'ro.e ,er o "la! o- o rig, an' le+ ( S,e ,a' a .ery re' no"e, *in er an' "-mmer, long 'ar% !lai ", an' +a , !eg9li%e leg"( Sin$e ",e ,a' -rne' "i0 een, Moni$a *ore ,er !anama ,a ra ,er ,ig,er on ,er ,ea' ,an normal, !er$,e' a" i+ i *ere oo "mall an' a" i+ ",e %ne* ",e loo%e' gro e"4-e in any $a"e(

Ro"e S anley *a" +amo-" +or "e0( #er ,a *a" !la$e' 4-i e -no/ r-"i.ely on ,er /lon'e ",or ,air, /- ",e 'en e' in ,e $ro*n on ei ,er "i'e( E-ni$e ?ar'iner, "mall, nea an' +amo-" +or ,er "!ri ely gymna" i$" an' glamoro-" "*imming, ,a' ,e /rim o+ ,er ,a -rne' -! a ,e +ron an' 'o*n a ,e /a$%( San'y S ranger *ore i -rne' -! all ro-n' an' a" +ar /a$% on ,er ,ea' a" i $o-l' !o""i/ly goC o a""i" ,i", ",e ,a' a a$,e' o ,er ,a a " ri! o+ ela" i$ *,i$, *en -n'er ,e $,in( Some ime" San'y $,e*e' ,i" ela" i$ an' *,en i *a" $,e*e' 'o*n ",e "e*e' on a ne* !ie$e( S,e *a" merely no orio-" +or ,er "mall, almo" none0i" en , eye", /- ",e *a" +amo-" +or ,er .o*el "o-n'" *,i$,, long ago in ,e long !a" , in ,e B-nior "$,ool, ,a' enra! -re' Mi"" :ro'ie( S3ell, $ome an' re$i e +or -" !lea"e, /e$a-"e i ,a" /een a iring 'ay(S S,e le+ ,e *e/, ",e le+ ,e loom, S,e ma'e ,ree !a$e" ,ro7 ,e room, S,e "a* ,e *a er9lily /loom, S,e "a* ,e ,elme an' ,e !l-me, S,e loo%7' 'o*n o Camelo ( SI li+ " one -!,S Mi"" :ro'ie -"-ally "ai', !a""ing ,er ,an' o- *ar' +rom ,er /rea" o*ar'" ,e $la"" o+ en9year9ol' girl" *,o *ere li" ening +or ,e /ell *,i$, *o-l' relea"e ,em( S3,ere ,ere i" no .i"ion,S Mi"" :ro'ie ,a' a""-re' ,em, S ,e !eo!le !eri",( E-ni$e, $ome an' 'o a "omer"a-l in or'er ,a *e may ,a.e $omi$ relie+(S :- no*, ,e /oy" *i , ,eir /i$y$le" *ere $,eer+-lly in"-l ing Benny ?ray a/o- ,er *ay o+ "!ee$, *,i$, ",e ,a' go +rom ,er elo$- ion $la""e"( S,e *a" going o /e an a$ re""( S,e *a" San'y7" /e" +rien'( S,e *ore ,er ,a *i , ,e +ron /rim /en ",ar!ly 'o*n*ar'C ",e *a" ,e !re ie" an' mo" gra$e+-l girl o+ ,e "e , an' ,i" *a" ,er +ame( SEon7 /e a lo- , An're*,S ",e "ai' *i , ,er -!!i", one( T,ere *ere ,ree An're*" among ,e +i.e /oy", an' ,e"e ,ree An're*" no* " ar e' mimi$%ing Benny; SEon7 /e a lo- , An're*,S *,ile ,e girl" la-g,e' /enea , ,eir /o//ing !anama"( Along $ame Mary Ma$gregor, ,e la" mem/er o+ ,e "e , *,o"e +ame re" e' on ,er /eing a "ilen l-m!, a no/o'y *,om e.ery/o'y $o-l' /lame( 3i , ,er *a" an o- "i'er, Boy$e Emily #ammon', ,e .ery ri$, girl, ,eir 'elin4-en , *,o ,a' /een re$en ly "en o :laine a" a la" ,o!e, /e$a-"e no o ,er "$,ool, no go.erne"", $o-l' manage ,er( S,e " ill *ore ,e green -ni+orm o+ ,er ol' "$,ool( T,e o ,er" *ore 'ee! .iole ( T,e mo" ",e ,a' 'one, "o +ar, *a" o ,ro* !a!er !elle " "ome ime" a ,e "inging ma" er( S,e in"i" e' on ,e -"e o+ ,er *o name", Boy$e Emily( T,i" Boy$e Emily *a" rying .ery ,ar' o ge in o ,e +amo-" "e , an' ,o-g, ,e *o name" mig, e" a/li", ,er a" a "ome ,ing, /- ,ere *a" no $,an$e o+ i an' ",e $o-l' no "ee *,y( Boy$e Emily "ai', ST,ere7" a ea$,er $oming o- ,S an' no''e' o*ar'" ,e ga e"( T*o o+ ,e An're*" *,eele' ,eir /i$y$le" o- on o ,e roa' an' 'e!ar e'( T,e o ,er ,ree /oy" remaine' 'e+ian ly, /- loo%ing ,e o ,er *ay a" i+ ,ey mig, ,a.e " o!!e' o a'mire ,e $lo-'" on ,e Pen lan' #ill"( T,e girl" $ro*'e' ro-n' ea$, o ,er a" i+ in 'i"$-""ion( S?oo' a+ ernoon,S "ai' Mi"" :ro'ie *,en ",e a!!roa$,e' ,e gro-!( SI ,a.en7 "een yo- +or "ome 'ay"( I ,in% *e *on7 'e ain ,e"e yo-ng men an' ,eir /i$y$le"( ?oo' a+ ernoon,

/oy"(S T,e +amo-" "e mo.e' o++ *i , ,er, an' Boy$e, ,e ne* 'elin4-en , +ollo*e'( SI ,in% I ,a.en7 me ,i" ne* girl,S "ai' Mi"" :ro'ie, loo%ing $lo"ely a Boy$e( An' *,en ,ey *ere in ro'-$e' ",e "ai'; S3ell, *e m-" /e on o-r *ay, my 'ear(S San'y loo%e' /a$% a" Boy$e Emily *al%e', an' ,en "%i!!e', leggy an' -n$on rolle' +or ,er age, in ,e o!!o"i e 'ire$ ion, an' ,e :ro'ie "e *a" le+ o ,eir "e$re li+e a" i ,a' /een "i0 year" ago in ,eir $,il',oo'( SI am !- ing ol' ,ea'" on yo-r yo-ng ",o-l'er",S Mi"" :ro'ie ,a' ol' ,em a ,a ime, San' all my !-!il" are ,e $rTme 'e la $rTme(S San'y loo%e' *i , ,er li le "$re*e'9-! eye" a Moni$a7" .ery re' no"e an' remem/ere' ,i" "aying a" ",e +ollo*e' ,e "e in ,e *a%e o+ Mi"" :ro'ie( SI ",o-l' li%e yo- girl" o $ome o "-!!er omorro* nig, ,S Mi"" :ro'ie "ai'( SMa%e "-re yoare +ree(S ST,e Erama i$ So$ie y ( ( (S m-rm-re' Benny( SSen' an e0$-"e,S "ai' Mi"" :ro'ie( SI ,a.e o $on"-l yo- a/o- a ne* !lo *,i$, i" a+oo o +or$e me o re"ign( Nee'le"" o "ay, I ",all no re"ign(S S,e "!o%e $almly a" ",e al*ay" 'i' in "!i e o+ ,er +or$e+-l *or'"( Mi"" :ro'ie ne.er 'i"$-""e' ,er a++air" *i , ,e o ,er mem/er" o+ ,e " a++, /- only *i , ,o"e +ormer !-!il" *,om ",e ,a' raine' -! in ,er $on+i'en$e( T,ere ,a' /een !re.io-" !lo " o remo.e ,er +rom :laine, *,i$, ,a' /een +oile'( SI ,a" /een "-gge" e' again ,a I ",o-l' a!!ly +or a !o" a one o+ ,e !rogre""i.e "$,ool", *,ere my me ,o'" *o-l' /e more "-i e' o ,e "y" em ,an ,ey are a :laine( :- I ",all no a!!ly +or a !o" a a $ran% "$,ool( I ",all remain a ,i" e'-$a ion +a$ ory( T,ere nee'" m-" /e a lea.en in ,e l-m!( ?i.e me a girl a an im!re""iona/le age, an' ",e i" mine +or li+e(S T,e :ro'ie "e "mile' in -n'er" an'ing o+ .ario-" %in'"( Mi"" :ro'ie +or$e' ,er /ro*n eye" o +la", a" a meaning+-l a$$om!animen o ,er 4-ie .oi$e( S,e loo%e' a mig, y *oman *i , ,er 'ar% Roman !ro+ile in ,e "-n( T,e :ro'ie "e 'i' no +or a momen 'o-/ ,a ",e *o-l' !re.ail( A" "oon e0!e$ B-li-" Cae"ar o a!!ly +or a 5o/ a a $ran% "$,ool a" Mi"" :ro'ie( S,e *o-l' ne.er re"ign( I+ ,e a- ,ori ie" *an e' o ge ri' o+ ,er ",e *o-l' ,a.e o /e a""a""ina e'( S3,o are ,e gang, ,i" imeAS "ai' Ro"e, *,o *a" +amo-" +or "e09a!!eal(S3e ",all 'i"$-"" omorro* nig, ,e !er"on" *,o o!!o"e me,S "ai' Mi"" :ro'ie( S:- re" a""-re' ,ey ",all no "-$$ee'(SSNo,S "ai' e.eryone( SNo, o+ $o-r"e ,ey *on7 (S SNo *,ile I am in my !rime,S ",e "ai'( ST,e"e year" are " ill ,e year" o+ my !rime( I i" im!or an o re$ogni"e ,e year" o+ one7" !rime, al*ay" remem/er ,a ( #ere i" my ram $ar( I 'are"ay I7ll no ge a "ea ( T,i" i" nine een9 ,ir y9"i0( T,e age o+ $,i.alry i" !a" (S (,he Prime of Miss 7ean 'rodie M M-riel S!ar%)