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Title: FER an !ER " i##eren$e% an $orrelation% """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

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1& T'ere i% no #i(e $orrelation )et*een !ER an FER+ t'ey are mea%ure at i##erent point% an are u%e to mea%ure i##erent ,ualitie%+ lin- an .oi$e re%pe$ti.ely& !ER i% a mea%urement o# t'e ra* !it Error Rate in re$eption )e#ore t'e e$o in/ an error $orre$tion pro$e%% ta-e% pla$e& !ER i% mappe into R0 1uality an i% an important in i$ator o# lin- ,uality& FER i% ta-en a#ter e$o in/ an error $orre$tion in t'e R0& Frame Era%ure Rate (FER) i% t'e )e%t a.aila)le in i$ator in a 23M %y%tem to a%%e%% .oi$e ,uality pro.i e in t'e net*or-& 4t repre%ent% t'e per$enta/e o# #rame% )ein/ roppe ue to 'i/' num)er% o# non"$orre$te )it error% in t'e #rame&
T'e !ER .alue i% tran%#orme to an R0 1uality $la%%+ *'i$' i% reporte to t'e !3C on$e in e.ery 35CCH #rame o# 678 m%& Mappin/ o# t'e e%timate !ER to R0 1uality i% %pe$i#ie in 23M %pe$i#i$ation%& T'e !ER ran/e% are #i(e per R0 1uality $la%%& T'e !ER ran/e% in$rea%e e(ponentially a% t'e R01U59 $la%%e% )e$ome 'i/'er+ a% pre%ente in Ta)le 1& Ta)le 1& Mappin/ o# t'e e%timate !ER to R0 1uality

!it Error Rate :;< R0 1uality

8= 8&2 8

8&2 = 8&6 1

8&6 = 8&7 2

8&7 = 1&> ?

1&> = ?&2 6

?&2 = >&6 A

>&6 = 12&7 >

@ 12&7 B

T'e Frame Era%ure Ratio i% an e##e$ti.e in i$ation o# %u)Ce$ti.e %pee$' ,uality& T'e FER i% mea%ure a#ter t'e error $orre$tion pro$e%% a% a ratio o# i%$ar e %pee$' #rame% $ompare to all t'e re$ei.e %pee$' #rame%& Ra io tran%mi%%ion #eature%+ %u$' a% DT0 an #re,uen$y 'oppin/+ a##e$t t'e FER& T'e u%e o# #re,uen$y 'oppin/ impro.e% t'e FER+ e%pe$ially at lo* R0 ,uality $la%% >&

FER 1uality Cla%%e%+ t'e operator $an e#ine t'e lo*er )oun ary #or all $la%%e%+ e($ept $la%% 8 *ere t'e lo*er )oun ary i% al*ay% 8& !ER $la%%e% are #i(e in a %en%e o# t're%'ol % #or ea$' $la%% *'ile FER i% more #le(i)le& Ea$' $la%% 'a% a e#ina)le ,uality $la%% *'i$' re%ult% in a )i//er .ariation o# re%ult% in a %en%e o# .olume per $la%%& T'e FER $la%% )oun arie% ran/e #rom 8&1; to 2A&A;& T'e $la%% )oun arie% (#or ,uality $la%%e% 1"B) are /i.en in a%$en in/ or er& Ta)le 2 %'o*% t'e e#ault FER $la%% limit%: Ta)le 2: FER 1uality Cla%%e% Cla%% 8 1 2 ? 6 A > B De#ault 9o*er 9imit% (;) 5l*ay% 8 2&8 6&8 >&8 7&8 18&8 12&8 16&8

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Fre,uen$y Hoppin/ %prea % out t'e #a in/ an inter#eren$e pro)lem%+ e##e$ti.ely allo*in/ t'e e$o in/ me$'ani%m to re%tore t'e ori/inal in#ormation .ia t'e Error Corre$tion pro$e%%& Not only t'e $orrelation )et*een !ER an FER *ill $'an/e *'en Fre,uen$y Hoppin/ i% in u%e+ )ut i##erent #re,uen$y 'oppin/ %$'eme% ( epen in/ in t'e reu%e an num)er o# #re,uen$ie% to 'op o.er) *ill 'a.e a i##erent !ER to FER $orrelation& T'e C'annel Co in/ al/orit'm in u%e 'a% a ire$t impa$t in t'e Error Corre$tion per#orman$e& Depen in/ 'o* ro)u%t t'e $'annel $o in/ i%+ it a%%o$iate per#orman$e *ill .ary& 5 $lear e(ample o# t'i% *ill ta-e pla$e *'en i##erent $o in/ %$'eme% are implemente %imultaneou%ly in 5MR net*or-%& 5/ain t'e $orrelation )et*een !ER an FER *ill $'an/e+ an t'i% time it *ill potentially o it ynami$ally a$$or in/ to t'e $on ition%

For D9 FER e%timation+ t'e e%timation *ill )e one )y $orrelation ta)le+ *'i$' $ontain% t'e $orrelation )et*een t'e !ER an FER in a -no*n $'annel pro#ile& 3in$e t'e true FER i% not a.aila)le+ t'e FEP (Frame Era%ure Pro)a)ility) i% u%e in%tea & T'e $orrelation )et*een D9 FER an !ER un er one !3C i% $olle$te to t'e $orrelation ta)le:

Correlation ta)le i% a t'ree imen%ional ta)le Dimen%ion: CODEC ( FH"TYPE ( R0 1U594TY Re%ult i% FEP (lo*er )oun ary) #or ea$' R0 1uality Cla%%