Varnish

Rahul Ghose

What is it?

HTTP Proxy Key/Value store Designed for 64- it V!" # ! $ast%

&r'hite'ture

Detailed ar'hite'ture

( )ain *ro'esses

Parent is )anage)ent !hild is a'tual 'a'hing *ro'ess

Wor+ers ,one for ea'h 'onne'tionThread *ool )anager ,( is default.tartu* thread Health 'he'+ &''e*tor Rea*er

Getting started

&fter installing /arnish it 0ill ta+e the default *ort of 6123 instead of 2121 as )entioned in the )anual4 5agi' # /et'/sys'onfig//arnish ,/et'/default//arnish for De ian6a'+end 'onfig 7 /et'//arnish/default4/'l

$irst run

!a'he storage

Hash

HTTP Host header and the 8R" The o*tions 'an e 'hanged 5ulti*le o 9e'ts 'an e )a**ed to the sa)e +ey

Default a'+end in !ent:. 6 is ;file;4

.torage a'+ends

$ile

.ingle file <ot *ersistent a'ross restart 5)a* =t does a dire't )allo',:/erhead 3+6 *er o 9e't >x*eri)ental ,no dis+ s*a'e ? fail%8

5allo'

Persistent

The asi' tools of the trade

/arnishd @ The a'tual inary /arnishstat @ Dis*lay stats /arnishlog @ Dis*lay logs /arnishto* @ Dis*lay )ost used log entries

/arnishto* -i Rx8R"

/arnishad) @ .end 'o))and to /arnishd /arnishn'sa @ Dis*lay a*a'he/<!.& style logs /arnishhist @ Histogra) dis*lay
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"ogging in /arnish

Done in shared )e)ory :/er0rites on'e )e)ory is full <o *hysi'al logs $or)ats a/aila le are7

&*a'he for)at ,<!.&!usto) Real-ti)e

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The log for)at

$irst 'olu)n is reAuest =D .e'ond is tag Third

for a'+end ' for 'lient - for )is'4

Then data4
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The /arnishstat utility

$irst 'olu)n7 Total of the ty*e .e'ond7 Total *er se'ond data Third7 &/erage rate sin'e eginning of 'olle'tion

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.o)e Para)eters fro) !"=

Thread *ools ,threadB*ools5ini)u) no4 of threads ,threadB*oolB)in5axi)u) no4 of threads ,threadB*oolB)ax<o4 of Aueued 0or+ reAuests ,nB0r+BAueuedTi)eout for idle and extra threads ,threadB*oolBti)eoutWait ti)e if ne0 thread 'reation failed ,threadB*oolBfailBdelayTi)eout 0aiting for ser/er;s res*onse ,firstB yteBti)eout<et0or+ laten'y ,'onne'tBti)eout<u) er of deleted 'a'he entries ,nBlruBnu+ed-

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!hanging startu* o*tions

&dd the o*tions as 'o))and line *ara)eters in the 'onfig file4

D&>5:<B:PT.?C-a 721 D -T lo'alhost7612( D -f /et'//arnish/default4/'l D -. /et'//arnish/se'ret D -s )allo'E(F6)D -* firstB yteBti)eout?3sG

>dit the default /'l file and add the o*tions as7
a'+end 000 H 4host ? C3(I414143CJ 4*ort ? C2121CJ 4firstB yteBti)eout ? 3sJ 444 K

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Hot-'hanges 0ith /arnishad)

!onne't to /arnishad) /'l4load )e /et'//arnish/default4/'l /'l4use )e /'l4dis'ard unused ones4

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Ho0 is it done?

The /'l is 'on/erted to ! 'ode !ode 'o)*ile /aria le7

/arnishad) *ara)4sho0 ''B'o))and

The L4soG 'reated is loaded 0ith dlo*en The shared li raries 'an e found at 7 //ar/li //arnish/M,hostna)e-/

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The flo0
.tart /'lBre'/ /'lBhash /'lB*ass /'lB)iss /'lBhit /'lB*i*e 5o/e 6ytes Done
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/'lBfet'h /'lBdeli/er

.ailing in the /'l

/'lBre'/,

When reAuest is re'/-d% Data # reA When res*onse has een fet'hed4 Data # reA and eres* Try alternate a'+endsE trigger >.=

/'lBfet'h,

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What to do?

*ass @ <o 'a'hing done hitBforB*ass @ !a'he de'ision to *ass loo+u* @ 5ust deli/er fro) 'a'he *i*e @ Varnish goes lind deli/er @ Deli/er 'a'hed o 9e't

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V!" is !

=n-line ! 'ode4

!H K!

Prints to syslog

*rintf , LHey Nude%DnG -J

The 'o)*iled 'ode7

varnishd -d -f foo.vcl -C

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V!" o 9e'ts

reA

The reAuested o 9e't 6a'+-end res*onse The 'a'hed o 9e't TT" is only 0rita le

eres*

o 9

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:*erators

?? ? O ,su**orts regex% PP QQ

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6a'+ends

The real ser/er !orres*onding /'l

a'+end 3 H 4host ? L3R(43624143GJ K a'+end ( H 4host ? L3R(4362414SGJ K su /'lBre'/ H set reA4 a'+end ( K

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Dire'tors
a'+end 3 H 4host ? L3R(43624143GJ K a'+end ( H 4host ? L3R(4362414SGJ K dire'tor S rando) H H 4 a'+end ? 3J 40eight ? (J K H 4 a'+end ? (J 40eight ? 2J K K dire'tor 4 round-ro in H H 4 a'+end ? 3J K H 4 a'+end ? H 4host ? L3R(4362414(GJ 4*ort ? 2121J K K K

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&''ess !ontrol
a'l internal H L3R(43624343GJ L3R(43624141/2GJ % L3R(43624143(SGJ in'lude LlistBofBi*4txtGJ K a'l ad H L(1R4RR44F433RGJ K su /'lBre'/ H if ,'lient4i* O internal- H return *assJ K if, 'lient4i* O ad- H error 4(1 LGo to the 'orner4GJ K // <othing s*e'ifiedE so 'ontinue to default /'lBre'/,K

=nserts inline

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.o)e HTTP Headers

>tag !a'he-'ontrol7 TT" &uthoriTation7 *ass through Hostna)e ,0004a4'o)E a4'o)!oo+ies ,does not 'a'heVary ,en'odingE different 'a'hes8ser-&gent ,different 'a'hes26

Purge Q 6an

P8RG>

Re)o/es ite)s fro) the 'a'he

6&<

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Gra'e

=t 'an ser/e stale 'a'he data /ia gra'e *eriod When it does that?

Too )any 'onne'tions *ile u* & a'+-end is do0n

Dete't y *ro es

a'+end ser/er3 H 4host ? Cser/er34exa)*le4'o)CJ 4*ro e ? H 4url ? C/CJ 4inter/al ? FsJ 4ti)eout ? 3 sJ 40indo0 ? FJ 4threshold ? SJ K

.et oth L eres*G gra'e and LreAG gra'e for ser/ing stale data4
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V5:D

8sed to extend the fun'tionality of asi' inline ! allo0ed in a /'l4 /)od4''

Generated file to e in'luded 0ith 'usto) sour'e

!usto) lo'+ing for shared resour'es

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.o)e 'o)*etition

.Auid ,se*arate )e)ory/dis+ )anagerE $TP&i!a'he "ot.er/er <ginx Poli*o

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Referen'es

<!.& $or)at htt*7//*u li 4 oulder4i )4'o)/ti/idd/td/=TW .&/=TW.&Binfo4F/enB8./HT5"/guide/'-logs4ht) lU'o))on The Varnish oo+ htt*s7//0004/arnish-soft0are4'o)/stati'/ oo+/

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Than+s

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