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Synon Basic
Synon Basic
Synon Basic
Access path is path through which you can retrieve records. There are 6 types of access path is supported by SYNON. By default Synon creates 3 access path na ely !hysical" #pdate and $etrieve access paths. %. &!'Y() !hysical file) Arrival se*uence access path defining the based+on file. ,or a given All,usion -. file there -.. -. &#!/() #pdate) Access path used for update. !ath is 0eyed on All,usion -. fields that identifythe file. ,or a given All,usion -. file there ay be several different access paths of type #!/" each containing a different co bination of fields. A default update path containing all fields will auto atically be created by All,usion -.. 3. &$T1() $etrieval) Access path used to retrieve records fro changed. ,or a given All,usion -. file there 2#!/2 access path. 3. &$S4() $ese*uence) Access path used to retrieve records fro All,usion -. file there ay be any access paths of type 2$S42. file using an alternative 0ey ay be any file using an alternative 0ey order. ,or a given ay be file. The 0ey order cannot be ay only be one access path of type !'Y + the path will auto atically be created by All,usion
identifying fields for the file" will auto atically be created by All,usion -...ach &$T1( access path has an associated
5. 24$Y2 ) 4uery) Access path used to retrieve records fro order which access paths of type 24$Y2.
6. &S!N() Span) Access path used to span several different files using an alternative 0ey order. ,or a given All,usion -. file there ay be any access paths of type 2S!N2
?e cannot pass a para eter with 1$Y type when we call an .@7#S$S$7. Because #S$S$7 is a internal function"
How to use execute user source an% to use parameters in this function?
.Cecute user source specifies user written high level language source code is to be included within source code generated by a calling function. <f the eCternal source is $!;" then it should be in 4$!;S$7. <f it is a 7OBO6 progra " it should be in 47B6S$7. The para eters should be 6 characters long. The first character to be D" followed by < E<nputF G O EOutputF G B EBothF that last four characters being user defined. <ndicators should not be conflicting.
What is C#R an% &"' contexts use% in (R')*+ an% (R',-. functions?
N@T) The N@T conteCt defines a conteCt relative to the 7#$ conteCt of All,usion -. report functions) the N@T conteCt contains the fields which are in the report for at one level brea0 higher. HSee section on the 7#$ conteCt for an eCplanation of report for ats.9 <t can therefore be used to specify that the result of An All,usion -. field function HS#>" ><N" >A@" etc9 is to be placed onto an appropriate report total for at. The N@T conteCt ay be used only for result fields. 7#$) The 7#$ conteCt contains all the fields which are in a given report for at of A All,usion -. report function.
3. Transaction function H./TT$N" /S!T$N9 <t has Subfile Standard header" 7ontrol" Subfile record" Standard footer
#sing Built in function" you can do all arith etic operations" string
K7O>!#T. H#sing this we can do all arith etic operations li0e add" sub" leave all blan0s99 K71T1A$ H<t Iust converts the value of one type to another type9
ult = div9
7ON7AT H<t Ioins - string with the conditions HKnone L no blan0s" Kone L leave one blan0" Kall L
K/AT. /.TA<6S H<t gives the date details li0e day of wee0" day of year" K onth" leaf year etc9 K/AT. <N7$.>.NT H#sing this we can add *uantity of a given date and find out new date9 K/<1 K/<1 ?<T' $.>A<N/.$ H$e ainder value will ove to another value9 K/#$AT<ON H<t calculates duration between - dates9 K.6A!S./ T<>. H<t calculates ti e H''" >>" SS" >S9 between - given ti e9 K.@<T !$O;$A> H6eave9 K>O/#6O H<t gives only re ainder value9 K>O1. K>O1. A66 H>ove value Heven constant9 to variableHs99 K>#6T
K$O66BA78 HThe changes will not be reflected when you use K$O66BA789 K$T17N/ H<t specifies that the na e of a given condition is to be retrieved into a function field9 KS.$ 7#$SO$ H<t is e*ual to cursor position 0eyword in S/A9 KS#BST$<N; H#sing this we can ta0e a part of string fro the base variable9 KT<>. /.TA<6S H<t is si ilar to date details Built in function9 KT<>. <N7$.>.NT H#sing this we can add a *uantity to a given ti e9
What are the %efault functions create% for R!) an% C(' file?
$., ,ile) 7reate obIect" 7hange obIect" /elete obIect" .dit file and Select record 7!T ,ile) 7reate obIect" 7hange obIect and /elete obIect
How %o you %elete a access path which is referre% /y some other access path?
?e cannot delete an access path which is referred by so e other functionGaccess path. <f you want to delete" you have to re ove the H$.,9 relations then delete.
What are the 6ccess (ath auxiliaries for 7uery 6ccess path?
Access !ath auCiliaries are the three different OSG3MM obIects used to i ple ent a *uery access path. They are logical file" physical file and control language.
While
,or
eneratin
create%.
apping it creates !hysical file H!,9" 6ogical file and it creates a 4$Y in 76 progra .
#sin
$S4" 4$Y and S!N access path will allow changing the 0ey order.
path" 0eyed on the identifying fields for the file" will auto atically be created by All,usion -.. .ach &$T1( access path has an associated 2#!/2 access path. 3. &$S4() $ese*uence) Access path used to retrieve records fro order. ,or a given All,usion -. file there ay be file using an alternative 0ey
any access paths of type 2$S42. file using an alternative 0ey ay be any
5. 24$Y2 ) 4uery) Access path used to retrieve records fro order which access paths of type 24$Y2.
6. &S!N() Span) Access path used to span several different files using an alternative 0ey order. ,or a given All,usion -. file there ay be any access paths of type 2S!N2.
KNON. is specified for the NSharingN para eter" then a separate entry will be added to the file for the field. KA66 is specified for the NSharingN para eter" then no additional entry is created) the eCisting entry is shared. This is the default action.
What is a 4,26*&?
The set of possible values an attribute can ta0e is the 2do ain2 of the attribute.
/efined as) /eclaration that the file eCist and created i plicitly by SYNON 8nown by) Specifies that the field is a 0ey field. There can be the child9 ore than one 0nown by relation Owned by) /efines a parent and child relationship" .g." Order header and order details Hparent 0ey will be copied to
4ualified by) This is a 0ey relation used to *ualify a file identifier by one or find out a close $efers to) Specifies a file refers to another file H,oreign 0ey9
atch H.g." rate" discount" data" etc.9. <f no redirection is specified it is si ilar to 8NO?N BY
<ncludes) A file is to include all the fields that have been declared in the structure file .Ctended by) /eclares a file to be an eCtension of a file relation. <t gives an association between one to one or one to none. ?ill wor0 only if it is O?N./ BY in the second file 'as) /eclares a field to be present in a file $.6AT<ON S.4#.N7. AT T'. T<>. O$ $.SO61<N; /efined as" Owned by" 4ualified by" .Ctended by" $efers to" 'as" <ncludes
it points which will be defined in the SYNON supplied progra will run under co
it built+in function it ent control. 'ence" there are no co ust be IournaliOed it points.
it ent control
and closed down any other progra " files that have been called andGor opened by the progra
resources is valid only on eCternal function. This does not support 7OBO6
-. /.6AY./ 7hanges are logged and the access path updates when the file is
Open *uery EO!N4$YF and open database EO!N/B,F you should specify a value of the K!.$> to prevent closure of
How to use execute user source an% to use parameters in this function?
.Cecute user source specifies user written high level language source code is to be included within source code generated by a calling function. <f the eCternal source is $!;" then it should be in 4$!;S$7. <f it is a 7OBO6 progra " it should be in 47B6S$7. The para eters should be 6 characters long. The first character to be D" followed by < E<nputF G O EOutputF G B EBothF that last four characters being user defined. <ndicators should not be conflicting.
What are the two types of in%entation specifications for (R') functions?
%. $elative -. -. Absolute
What is the maximum num/er of (R',-. functions that can /e a%%e% to one (R')*+ function?
%3
Can a print o/0ect function /e em/e%%e% within another print o/0ect function? ('rue<)alse)
True
-. Nor ally the nu ber of level headings is e*ual to the nu ber of fields of the 0ey se*uence of the access path on which the !$T,<6 is based on.
formats can /e %efine% per print file? ,f those5 how many can
Only one report heading for at is defined in a print file. The report heading for at cannot be dropped.
What are the access paths on which (rint file can /e /ase% on?
$etrieval Access !ath H$T19 $e+se*uence Access !ath H$S49 4uery Access !ath H4$Y9
What are 2essa e )unctions? What are the %ifferent types of messa e functions?
>eans of defining essages of various types" specifying different essage identifiers. essage files for the essage" specifying substitution variables and changing %. Status >essage function -. 7o pletion >essage function 3. .rror >essage function 3. .Cecution >essage function 5. <nfor ation >essage function
!xplain Context
/atabase 7onteCts + instances of sa e database field available in ore than one file /evice 7onteCts + instances of sa e device field available in ore than one for at 6iteral 7onteCts + instances of field available fro literals li0e condition etc. Syste 7onteCts + instances of fields available fro various syste values
?i3e any @ line comman%s that can /e use% in the action %ia ram panel?
<7," <A," <<" <A" <B" 77" 7" >" >>" <K," ," <O" '" P" S
i3en function?
of a given function by typing , at the edit database relations panel against the
)unctions in $Y&,&?
.Cternal the function is i ple ented as a separate '66 !rogra . <nternal the function is i ple ented as source code within that of a calling function.
&ame the access paths create% automatically for e3ery R!) or C(' file.
%. !'Y !hysical Access !ath -. #!/ #pdate Access !ath 3. $T1 $etrieval Access !ath
What are the 6ccess (ath auxiliaries for 7uery 6ccess path?
Access !ath auCiliaries are the three different OSG3MM obIects used to i ple ent a *uery access path. They are logical file" physical file and control language.
What is %ifferentiation?
/ifferentiation is the process in data separate entities. odelling of creating new entities by splitting a current entity into two
What is 6ssimilation?
Assi ilation is the process of retrieving eCisting eCternally described OSG3MM file definitions to SYNONG-. design odel An integrated develop ent environ ent for ASG3MMs originally introduced in %QRR by Synon" <nc." 6ar0spur" 7A Hderived fro and pronounced Nsign onN9. As the do inant tool for the ASG3MM platfor " it provided an upper and lower 7AS. environ ent that generated 7OBO6 and $!; code. ,ounded in .ngland in %QR3 by Si on ?illia s" Synon also built the Obsydian product" an obIect+oriented !7+based environ ent that is used to develop 7SS code for ?indows clients and $!; code for ASG3MM servers. <n %QQR" Synon was ac*uired by Sterling Software" in turn purchased by 7o puter Associates in -MMM. The Synon products were first re+branded as 7A2s 7OO6)-. and 7OO6)!leC technologies and later Advantage -. for iSeries 3MM. <n -MM3" they beca e All,usion -. and All,usion !leC.