Laure Ingabire English 1102 25 February 2014

Annotated Bibliography

Hartocollis, Anemona. "10 Years and a Diagnosis Later, 9/11 Demons Haunt Thousands." The New York Times. The New York Times, 09 Aug. 2011. Web. 24 Feb. 2014. In this CNN news article, reporter Anemona Hartocollis interviews a woman by the name of Margaret Dessau about the traumatic effects of 9/11. She tries to keep a level head about it, when describing the day, but ends up breaking down in tears. After that treacherous day, Dessau had to cope with what she saw through intensive counseling. Her therapist suggests that she listens to video recordings of her explaining in detail the events that occurred that day- the people she saw, the building debris, the crying children. The purpose of this was that she could finally come to terms with what happened in New York, and finally be able to truly deal with it as opposed to suppressing the feelings she had for it. She told the reporter that she had frequent nightmares, trouble concentrating, and feelings of helplessness, hopelessness, and guiltiness over the events that day. She felt as though she could have done more to help.

Marcus, Erin. "PTSD Manifests Differently in Haitian Paitients, Says Researcher." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 19 May 2010. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. Even four months after the Haitian earthquake, psychologists from around the world have been traveling to the island, trying to help the civilians still in shock and at risk for posttraumatic stress disorder. The purpose of this article shows that there is obvious PTSD signs and symptoms among those living in Haiti and surrounding islands, explaining that the PTSD is affecting people both directly and indirectly. The psychologist that traveled to the island tries performing treatments on the victims to best help them. Standard PTSD treatment in the US often involved therapies in which people recreate the memory of the traumatic event in steps of reorganize how they think about the past event, in order to help them learn ways of relaxation and coping. The psychologists tried these methods and are stilling waiting to see if they have a positive lasting effect.

"The Navy Yard Shooting and Mental Health." CNN. Cable News Network, n.d. Web. 25 Feb. 2014.

This article had a video that I chose to focus on; in an interview with Anderson Cooper, reporter brings up the idea that one should stop using the idea of posttraumatic stress disorder in relation to the Navy Yard shooting; his opposition during the conference Dr. Drew says that it was a psychological disorder that was to blame for the shooting. The man was traumatized during 9/11, then causing PTSD, and after years and years of psychological wearing and breaking down, he snapped and it resulted in the fatal day at the Navy Yard. The media plays a part in this for the two different perspectives of the conference are being displayed to the world to see. Anderson Cooper makes a point to say that society pegs those with PTSD as crazy, and that there is an unfailing stigma attached to it.

"The Navy Yard Shootings and PTSD." Anderson Cooper 360 RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. The topic of PTSD and psychological harmful effects after a traumatic experience is being talked about during this conference call on Anderson Cooper 360. One of the commentators talked about his mother having PTSD and how many confused/interpreted it for a chronic psychological issue. His mother was then taken away and sent to a mental facility. He and his other siblings, seeing his mother taken away and having society treat her as if she was insane, faced a lot of grief and public ridicule for this. He was indirectly effected by PTSD but how it effected him was significant.

Sanche, Ray. "Haunted by the Newtown Massacre, Police Officer Faces Firing over PTSD." CNN. Cable News Network, 12 Nov. 2013. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. This article is about a police officer diagnosed with PTSD after the Newtown shootings is on the verge of losing his job. Office Thomas Bean was one of the first officers to respond to the December 2012 shooting that left 26 dead, including 20 children. He told the interviewer that he has contemplated cutting himself with a razor, continues to have flashbacks, and is often left crying some nights by the memories of the bloodshed. The police officer described the event at something that you had to see to be able to understand, though he hoped no one ever had the chance to do. He said, the worst possible scenes you could think offbecause all there was, was horror. He repeated to the interviewer that that dreadful day killed him inside and there would be no full recovery after the things he saw that day. His PTSD effects both him directly, and his family indirectly- if he loses his job, which his department continues to threaten him about, if could change the future outcome of his and his familys life.

Winsor, Morgan. "Newtown Police Chief Withdraws Request to Fire Officer with PTSD." CNN. Cable News Network, 18 Dec. 2013. Web. 25 Feb. 2014.

This article is about a police officer diagnosed with PTSD after the Newtown shootings is on the verge of losing his job. Office Thomas Bean was one of the first officers to respond to the

December 2012 shooting that left 26 dead, including 20 children. He told the interviewer that he has contemplated cutting himself with a razor, continues to have flashbacks, and is often left crying some nights by the memories of the bloodshed. The police officer described the event at something that you had to see to be able to understand, though he hoped no one ever had the chance to do. He said, the worst possible scenes you could think offbecause all there was, was horror. He repeated to the interviewer that that dreadful day killed him inside and there would be no full recovery after the things he saw that day. His PTSD affects both him directly and his family indirectly- if he loses his job, which his department continues to threaten him about, if could change the future outcome of his and his familys life. Melissa Healy December 9. "Can You Get PTSD from Watching Media Coverage of an Event? Maybe." Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 09 Dec. 2013. Web. 28 Feb. 2014. The idea of post-traumatic stress disorder has been around for over 30 years, according to this text, but it had not been brought to the attention to the world until after 9/11. PTSD is very controversial, but new research suggests that PTSD might be transmitted through media. The study finds that those who spent more than six hours a day watching media coverage of the Boston Marathon bombing and its aftermath suffered more powerful stress reactions than did people who were directly involved but watched less news coverage.

Flows, Capital. "Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: Media Hype V. Truth Archetype On Veteran's Day." Forbes. Forbes Magazine, 10 Nov. 2013. Web. 28 Feb. 2014. This article talks about the societal view on post-traumatic stress disorder and its affect on veterans. The article talks about the importance of understanding that the mental health condition and its impact on veterans has become increasingly difficult. Media reports link PTSD to recent shootings and other incidents of violence with little to no basis of fact to support these claims. The way PTSD is talked about differs between each mode of communication, for example, journalists have a responsibility to report the news and spur high ratings, but psychological professionals have a duty to defuse the hype and give the community the truth about PTSD. According to the text, the public needs to understand the individuals who separate or retire from the military and return to civilian life exchange one social structure for another- a structured culture for an unstructured one, a military culture for a civilian culture. Veterans are faced with learning to adapt to a change in culture and the passage of starting a new beginning in life and work. "Former 9/11 Airline Dispatcher Now Stricken with PTSD Fights for Health Benefits from 9/11 Victims Compensation Fund." PRWeb. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Feb. 2014. This article talks about a 911 dispatcher fighting for appropriate compensation for his PTSD. There is a national law firm called Parker Waichman LLP that has spent many years working to ensure the heroes of 9/11 are not forgotten, and one example of this is by representing a former

airline dispatcher in his fight to receive health benefits form the 9/11 Victims Compensation Funds. Michael Winter, who has struggled with post-traumatic stress disorder since helping to guide hundreds of airline flights to safety on 9/11 just wants to compensation for his endured trauma. Mr. Winter told CBS News that he became depressed and withdrawn after the ordeal. As a result, he left his job as an airline dispatcher in 2007 and moved to Florida hoping for a fresh start. In 2010, however, Mr. Winter suffered a severe psychological reaction while viewing a film depicting the events that occurred on United Flight 93. Since then, three different doctors have diagnosed Mr. Winter with PTSD. Unable to work, or even "function on a reasonable, human level," Mr. Winter has applied to the 9/11 Victims Compensation Fund for health benefits so that he can finally afford the therapy he so desperately needs. So far, however, the Fund has denied Mr. Winter's pleas for help, maintaining that benefits are only available to "... responders on site at specified locations related to the World Trade Center disaster, or at the site of the ... crashes...," according to CBS News.

"911 Dispatchers Suffer PTSD Symptoms From Indirect Exposure to Traumatic Events." EHS Today Home Page. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Feb. 2014. This article talks about the job and obligation of a 911 dispatcher. 911 dispatchers have to deal with lot- homicides, suicides, domestic violence, car crashes, and more. Dispatchers report significant emotional distress related to handling duty-related calls, and this type of distress is associated with increases risk for developing PTSD. Michelle Lilly, psychology professor at NIU conducted research that showed the extent of on-duty emotional distress experiences by dispatchers. The study that Lilly conducted suggests that one does not need to be physically present during a traumatic event, or even know the victim of a trauma, in order for the event to cause significant mental health issues. According to the article, dispatchers experience emotional crisis and are hysterical, but dispatchers must also control their emotions while receiving all the information from the caller, securing the emergency scene and communicating with multiple agencies- sometimes during life-and-death situations.