F4C3 PG 1

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Foim 4 Chaptei S: Foices anu Piessuie

CYS 1

3.1UnderstandingPressure

Pressure
1. Pressureisdefinedasaperpendicularforceactingperunitareaofasurface.
P =
F
A

2. TheSIunitofpressureisPascal(Pa).1Paisequalto1Newtonpermetersquare(N/m
2
)
3. Factorsthataffectthepressureactingonasurface:
a) MagnitudeoftheForce
Thelargertheforce,thehigherthepressure
b) Contactarea
Thelargerthecontactarea,thelowerthepressure

ExamplesofApplicationofHighPressure ExamplesofApplicationofLowPressure
a) SharpKnife
b) IceSkate
c) Soleofshoeswithspike
a) FoundationofBuilding
b) Snowshoes
c) Tyreoftractor
d) FeetofElephant

Examples:
1. Theweightofawoodenblockwithdimensionsasshowninthefigureis12N.Calculatethe
maximumpressurethattheblockexertsonthefloor.

Solution:
Maximumpressurehappenedwhenthecontactareaisthesmallest,
Area=0.2x0.3=0.06m
2

Pressure=
12N
0.06m
2
=200Pa.

3.2UnderstandingPressureinLiquids

PressureinLiquids
1. Pressureinliquidisasaresultoftheweightoftheliquidactingonthesurfaceofanyobjectsin
theliquid.
2. Pressureofaliquidisdirectlyproportionalto:
a) thedepth,h
b) thedensityoftheliquid,("rho")
c) thegravitationalfieldstrength,g
3. Formulae:
a) Pressurecausedbyaliquid
P = hpg
b) Pressureinaliquid
P = hpg +P
atm

P
atm
=Atmosphericpressure,1.01x10
5

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