Ground Water Governance in Asia In Theory & Practice

Project Summary Workshop

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Analysis
of Innovative Approaches for Sustainable Water Resources Management in State of Kansas, USA and its adaptability in Indian scenario

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Presentation Flow
Background Research Phase About Kansas Water Scenario Water Appropriation Doctrines Water Authorities & agencies Innovative Approaches - Discussions Applicability in Indian Scenario Conclusion

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Acknowledgements Due
KU Team Kansan Experts Kansas Hospitality

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

About Kansas
Location: Almost in the Center of USA
Boundary lines: Humid East and the Semi Arid West

Area: 80,000 sq. miles (200 miles X 400 miles) The State is divided into 105 counties.
Demographics: Population: approx. 2.7 million Urban: 60%, Rural: 40%
Concentrated in few cities in North East, South Central and South West Trend: Most of the rural counties registering a decline in population.

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Kansan Economy
Predominantly an agrarian state - Ranks First in Wheat production, Wheat exports and Wheat flour milled, Second in Cattle on farms, and Third in Red-meat production. Other Industrial activities
Oil & Gas and aircraft manufacturing.

Average farm size (2002): 733 acres (296.6 ha). Average per capita personal income (2005): US$ 32,948

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Kansas: Water Scenario

Rainfall: 48 (1200 mm) in South East - 16 (400 mm) in the North West. Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 Large groundwater aquifers Western and South underlie by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -Central Kansas.

High Plains Aquifer

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Kansas: Ground Water Scenario

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Kansas: Ground Water Scenario

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Kansas: Ground Water Scenario

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Water Administration
Division of Water Resources (DWR) Kansas Dept. of Health & Environment (KDHE) Special Water Districts:
Water Assurance Districts Groundwater Management Districts (GMD): 5 nos Intensive Groundwater Use Control Areas (IGUCAs) : 8 nos

Monitoring & Tracking

Kansas Geological Survey (KGS)

Planning:

Kansas Water Authority (KWA) Kansas Water Office (KWO)

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Kansas: Water Administration

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Water Appropriation Doctrines

Water Appropriation Act Water Rights: Regulated Riparian & other doctrines Conflicts between Senior, Junior, Vested, Transfers & Sustainability Use or Loose (Do not encourage conservation) Money Power Matters: Holcomb Power Project Buyout Sr water right

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Conflict of Water Rights

Cheyenne Bottoms

Ethanol Plant, Garden City, KS

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Innovative Mechanisms & Initiatives -Water Banking - Water Center - Dodge City Waste Water Recycling

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

CENTRAL KANSAS WATER BANK

THE FIRST IN THE STATE
P O Box 7 - Stafford, Kansas, Tele:620-234-5352 email: sfalk_gmd5@sbcglobal.net

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Kansas Water Banking Act

Signed by the governor in May 2001

Defines a water bank as a not-for-profit corporation that (1) Leases water from water rights that have been deposited in the bank and (2) provides for safe deposit accounts.
Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Charter
Outlines the location, boundaries, and organizational rules. Defines. Conservation programs, Bankable water rights, Hydrologic units and associated guidelines. Sets forth procedures for the deposit and leases and the safe deposit account programs.
Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Conservation Component
Act required 10% reduction in consumptive use. Consumptive use 10% = bankable amount All deposits and leases will be subject to the conservation program.

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Hydrological Point System

System developed to determine conservation elements based upon: 1. Number of wells within two mile area 2. Water level changes since predevelopment 3. Amount of saturated thickness 4. Distance from stream

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

SECTION A DEPOSIT Calculation to determine the conservation component for individual wanting to lease water to the bank [a] Saturated thickness [b] Sustainable yield [c] Change in water level [d] Feet from stream

from 0 41 53 65 77 89 101 113 125 136+

to 40 52 64 76 88 100 112 124 136

points 10.00 9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00

from 6,000 5,250 4,500 3,750 3,000 2,250 1,500 1,000 500 0

to 10,000 6,000 5,250 4,500 3,750 3,000 2,250 1,500 1,000 500

points 10.00 9.75 9.50 9.25 9.00 8.50 8.00 7.00 2.40 1.00

from -17.58 -15.07 -12.56 -10.05 -7.54 -5.04 -2.53 -0.02 -0.01 2.5+

to -20.00 -17.57 -15.06 -12.55 -10.04 -7.53 -5.03 -2.52 2.50

points 10.00 9.75 9.50 9.25 9.00 8.50 7.00 4.00 2.00 1.00

from 0 1,173 2,346 3,519 4,692 5,865 7,038 8,211 9,384 10,557

to 1,173 2,346 3,519 4,692 5,865 7,038 8,211 9,384 10,557 52,800

points 10.00 9.75 9.50 9.25 9.00 8.50 8.00 7.50 7.00 2.00

SECTION B WITHDRAWAL Calculation to determine the conservation component for individual wanting to lease water from the bank [a] Saturated thickness [b] Sustainable yield [c] Change in water level [d] Feet from stream

from 148 136 124 112 100 88 76 64 52 *40

to 200 147 135 123 111 99 87 75 63 0

points 10.00 9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00

from 0 501 1,001 1,501 2,251 3,001 3,751 4,501 5,251 6,001

to 500 1,000 1,500 2,250 3,000 3,750 4,500 5,250 6,000 10,000
SECTION C

points 10.00 9.75 9.50 9.00 7.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00

from 2.5+ -0.01 -0.02 -2.53 -5.04 -7.54 -10.05 -12.56 -15.07 -17.58

to 2.50 -2.52 -5.03 -7.53 -10.04 -12.55 -15.06 -17.57 -20.00

points 10.00 9.75 9.50 9.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00

from to 31,680 34,320 29,040 31,680 26,400 29,040 23,760 26,400 21,120 23,760 18,480 21,120 15,840 18,480 13,200 15,840 10,560 13,200 0 *10560

points 10.00 9.75 9.50 9.25 9.00 8.50 8.00 7.50 7.00

*See table 2 for additional requirements

Conservation component based on App. Avg. Points

from 10.00 9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00

to Percent 9.01 5.00% 8.01 5.28% 7.01 6.37% 6.01 6.73% 5.01 7.27% 4.01 8.40% 3.01 10.17% 2.01 12.45% 1.01 15.61% 0.00 20.00%

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Programs
Deposits and leases Safe deposit accounts

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

DEPOSITS
Water right must be determined to be bankable. Water right must be in good standing, and be certified. Amount of water that is bankable under any water right will be 85% of the average water use for the period 1987 through 1996.
Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

DEPOSIT water right #5

Certified right for 255AF Average use 1987-1996 = 193.4 85% consumptive use = 164.39 eligible for banking Conservation component applied = 8.4% = 13.81AF 164.39 13.81 = 150.58 AF available for deposit in bank.

41% less than WR - 22% less that WU - 8.4% less than consumptive use

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Another Example
Water use history for water right #6
1987 = 102 1988 = 125 1989 = 0 1990 = 150 1991 = 150 1992 = 0 1993 = 45 1994 = 70 1995 = 110 1996 = 35

Amount of water available for deposit

Avg use = 78.7 Less conservation component = 11.81 Leaves 66.90 AF available for lease.

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Bulletin Board Postings

NAME DATE AC/FT COST/AF

Posting 1
Posting 2 Posting 3

1/14/04
2/18/04 3/12/04

95
71.04 139.91

26.32
52.79 32.16

Posting 4
Posting 5 Posting 6

3/18/04
3/20/04 3/21/04

23.41
32.46 13.74

16.02
10.78 54.59

Posting 7
Posting 8

3/24/04
3/25/04

112.29
70.04

50.09
39.98

Posting 9

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

5/30/04

71.73

17.77

Leases
Any water leased must be used within the bank boundary and in the same hydrologic unit from which the water right authorizing diversion of the water is deposited. K.S.A. 82a-763(b)(1)

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Water Right Lease

Joe Short Wants to lease water from right #5

Joe has a conservation component of 7.27% Actual amount available is 139.63AF 150.58 * 7.27% = 139.63

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Savings -

Deposit / Lease savings

Deposit 164.39 deposited 8.4% cons component 150.58 available Lease 7.27% cons component

Leaves 139.63 AF of the 150.58 for their use. Total AF saved =24.76 or 15.06% of consumptive use

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Objectives
Add flexibility in closed areas Reduce water use in over appropriated areas

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Safe Deposit Accounts

Carry over a certain percent of unused water from one year to the next Promotes conservation (incentive to save water) Requires water user to monitor and report water use more accurately

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

WATER RIGHT # 00000 SAFE DEPOSIT BOX EXAMPLE for WATER BANK 195 Acre Feet Certified Based on Trigger Value equal to 85 % of the authorized amount, per Rattlesnake Creek Management Plan ( 10.67 AF of water on a 128 acre center pivot equals 1 inch on the circle) YEAR AUTH AVAILABLE Trigger Value WATER Trigger Value DEPOSIT ANNUAL YEAR END based on USE for minus 25% Used from CONS ACCOUNT 85 % of Auth SEASON Water Use* Carryover AF Safe Deposit 10% BALANCE In Account Account, AF (Leak) 195.00 195.00 165.75 178.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 195.00 195.00 165.75 133.00 32.75 8.19 0.00 0.00 0.82 7.37 195.00 195.00 165.75 112.00 53.75 13.44 7.37 0.00 2.08 18.73 195.00 195.00 165.75 158.00 7.75 1.94 18.73 0.00 2.07 18.60 195.00 195.00 165.75 136.00 29.75 7.44 18.60 0.00 2.60 23.43 195.00 195.00 165.75 209.00 0.00 0.00 23.43 14.00 0.94 8.49 195.00 195.00 165.75 180.00 0.00 0.00 8.49 0.00 0.85 7.64 195.00 195.00 165.75 162.00 3.75 0.94 7.64 0.00 0.86 7.72 195.00 195.00 165.75 197.00 0.00 0.00 7.72 2.00 0.57 5.15 195.00 195.00 165.75 135.00 30.75 7.69 5.15 0.00 1.28 11.55 195.00 195.00 165.75 158.00 7.75 1.94 11.55 0.00 1.35 12.14 195.00 195.00 165.75 197.00 0.00 0.00 12.14 2.00 1.01 9.13 195.00 195.00 165.75 85.00 80.75 20.19 9.13 0.00 2.93 26.38 195.00 195.00 165.75 141.00 24.75 6.19 26.38 0.00 3.26 29.31 195.00 195.00 165.75 214.00 0.00 0.00 29.31 19.00 1.03 9.28 159.67

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Average Water Use For Years Covered =

*NOTE: If water use for the season exceeds the "trigger value", no water is available for deposit into the deposit box.

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

5 Year Review
The Bank can only be chartered for seven years. After five years of operation, the bank will be evaluated to determine if it has met the goals set out in the banking act and the Kansas water plan. The Chief Engineer has the authority to extend the bank another seven years or call for dissolution.

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Division Of Water Resources

State Engineer retains jurisdiction of bank. Bank must reimburse the State for associated costs. Bank must pay costs to have the State review banking activities which includes a hydrologic and economic review.

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Regional Public Water Supply

Water for the Future

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Regional Public Water Supply

Population and Demand Projections South Central Kansas Water Supply Planning Reservoir Management 13 lakes Water Marketing Program Water Assurance Program

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Water Marketing Program

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Watersheds
Watershed Restoration and Protection

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Reservoir Sedimentation Recreation Impacts Perry Lake

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Water Doesnt Stop at Boundaries

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

High Plains Aquifer

Conserve and Extend the Life of the Ogallala-High Plains Aquifer

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Ogallala - High Plains Aquifer in Kansas

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Estimated Usable Lifetime* for Large Volume Pumping

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

High Plains Aquifer

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Water Right Transition Assistance Program (WaterTAP)

Water right purchase and Retirement

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Irrigation water right set asides for 4+ years

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Dodge City Wastewater Recycling Project

Project Partners

Municipality (City of Dodge City) Local Industry (National Beef) WWTF operator (OMI) Landowner (Nicholson Farms, others) Farm operator (Nicholson Farms) Consultants

Crop consultant (Tiemeyer Ag) Environmental (Servi-Tech, Agronomy Solutions)

Presented By DeKeta Schuckman & Chuck Nicholson Nicholson Ventures Venue: Barn, Nicholson Farms

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Aerial view of DCWRP

N

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Dodge City

DCWRP Schematic
Beef Packing Plant

old WWTF Collection System

Storage Lagoons

Anaerobic digester Aerobic treatment

Crop Land

Ogallala Aquifer Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Aerial View of Original Wastewater Facility

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Waste Water Treatment

1987
population 20,000 total inflow = 8.6 ac-ft/day
7.1 ac-ft from muni - 83% 1.5 ac-ft from plant - 17%

2005

population 26,000+ total inflow = 13.8 ac-ft/day

8.3 ac-ft from muni - 60% 5.5 ac-ft from plant - 40%

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Effluent irrigated land

1987
1,430 acres 13 fields

2006
3,150 acres 28 fields
Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Project success requires cooperation

different needs for each partner

wastewater conveyance
Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

- CREP - EQIP

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Voluntary Schemes CREP: Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program

Water Rights dismissed

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Voluntary Schemes CREP: Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program Conversion of Agricultural land to Grasslands

Water Rights dismissed

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Measurable CREP Objectives

1) Enroll up to 100,000 acres of grassland 2) Reduce irrigation by 149,600 AF/annually 3) Increase frequency of meeting MDS at Great Bend and Kinsley by 2020 4) Reduce stream flow transient losses due to inefficiency of delivery system 5) Reduce the rate of ground water decline

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Objectives cont.
6) Reduce outward migration of river salinity within the High Plains aquifer

7)
8) 9)

Reduce the bacterial, nutrient and pesticide levels in Ark River in Edwards & Pawnee Counties
Increase aquifer recharge and wildlife habitat by enrolling 1,000 acres of playa soils Protect ecological and recreational viability of Cheyenne Bottoms with improved Ark River flow, as measured by increase in bird count and human visitation rates.

10) Reduce energy consumption by up to 40 million kW-hrs annually, with full enrollment.
Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Upper Arkansas River CREP basics:

Irrigated cropland eligible for enrollment Estimate 85,000 acres Dryland corners eligible if part of whole field enrollment estimate 15,000 acres Contracts for 14-15 years Permanent dismissal of water right 1-2 years limited irrigation to establish cover Minimum use criteria (State and Federal)

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Federal Payments
Practice Irrigated Acres (CP2, 4D, 10, 23, 23A) Acres 82,000 Annual Rental $73.00

Maintenance SIP $4.00 ___ PIP ___

Irrigated Acres (CP21, 22, 27 28)

Dryland Acres

3,000

$87.60

$4.00

$101

40% Seeding
___

15,000

$29.652

$4.00

___

State Payments
Tier Tier 1 irrigated acres Tier 2 irrigated acres State Signup Incentive Payment $62.00/acre $35.00/acre Estimated Participation 75,000 acres 10,000 acres

Estimated Costs $4,650,000 $350,000 $5,000,000

Total State SIP 85,000 acres Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Whole Field Enrollment Example

Tier 1 Acres in Finney County

Annual Rental Rate $73.00

Maint Fee

Seeding Cost Share $50

State Signup Pay $62

Year 1 Payment

Years 2-15 annual payment $9,702

126 Irrigated

$4.00

$23,814

34 dryland corners
Annual Subtotal 15 year Total

$30.03

$4.00

$50

NA

$2,857

$1,157

$26,671

$10,859 $178,697

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 Plus up to $1,000 per well capping by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Program Costs
Source Federal contributions Non-federal contributions Total Project Costs Costs $111,703,250 $40,867,800 $152,571,050

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Potential Economic Impact of 100,000 acre CREP

County Taxes: CREP land taxed at dryland rate.

Loss in property tax: -$400.005 or -1.9% Direct annual loss: -$8.7 million (agricultural production, minus additional income)

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Economic Impacts
Economic impacts diminish over time
Natural attrition of irrigated acres will occur as aquifer continues to decline:
By 2033, project 64,000 acres will have a saturated thickness of or less than 40. CREP can help extend the life of the aquifer with a voluntary, incentive based program.
Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Flexibilities:
Allow periodic mowing/baling of grasses for cellulose ethanol
Air quality benefits of grasses may allow credits for carbon sequestration (~0.75 metric ton CO2/acre) Allow dryland farming in a wildlife friendly way (riparian buffers, 5% of acres to wildlife habitat), if federal statutes allow.

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Next Steps
Designate CREP a Conservation Priority Area

FSA refines Irrigated Rental Rates Clarifications and negotiations on CREP Proposal

Negotiate a Memorandum of Agreement

Present negotiated agreement to State Legislature for approval

Signing Ceremony

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Voluntary Schemes EQIP: Environment Quality Incentive Program

1500 AF retired last year

US$ 100/acre/yr for 3 years for not farming for 4 years
Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Applicability in Indian Scenario

Applicability in Indian scenario Water Recycling Multiple uses Panchayati Raj Institutions: Concept of Water Appropriation at Village level Irrigation Water Rights & Co-operative Water Banks Awareness Campaigns, Centers for School Children

Monitoring networks Regulations Registration of wells Tracking of major water users

Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -

Contact:

John Thomas

Joint Director FICCI - RC&M Group New Delhi, INDIA

Email: john.thomas@ficci.com Summary Workshop Presentation: 28th March 07 by John Thomas, FICCI, INDIA -