Comparing Rational Numbers

February 21, 2014

Rational Numbers
Numbers that can be expressed as fractions with whole numbers as numerators and denominators, with 0 excluded as a denominator. Fractions

1 2 4 11 7 3

Rational Numbers
Whole numbers and mixed numbers can be expressed as fractions. Whole numbers and Mixed numbers are rational numbers. Whole numbers
4=
0=
1 5 2 3 3 4

4 1 0 3
11 2 15 4

Mixed numbers
= =

Rational Numbers
Square root of a perfect square can be expressed as a whole number. Square roots of a perfect squares are rational numbers. Square Root of Perfect Square 81 = 9 = 36 = 6 = 49 = 7 =
9 1 6 1 7 1

Rational Numbers
Decimals and Percentages can be expressed as the ratio of two whole numbers. Decimals and Percentages are rational numbers. Decimals

0.2 =

2 10
93 4 100 90 100

4.93 = 90% =

493 100

Percentages
=
9 10 57 1000

5.7% = 0.057 =

Best Way to Compare Rational Numbers

Set All Rational Numbers to Decimals. Example: List from Least to Greastest 25, 5.3, 25 = 5 5.3 5.33
22 4 22 , 4

5.33
5.5

5.3

= 5.5

5.33

Scale Drawings and Scale Models

March 4, 2014

Key Definitions
Scale Model: a proportional three-dimensional model of an object.

Key Definitions
Scale Factor: The dimensions of a scale model related to the dimensions of the actual object by a ratio.

Key Definitions
Scale: the ratio between two sets of measurements.

Key Definitions
Scale Drawing: a proportional two-dimensional drawing of an object.
Both scale drawings and scale models can be smaller or larger than the objects they represent.

Key Definitions
Ratio: shows the relative sizes of two or more values. Compares two values.

Identify the Scale Factor

Actual Length (ft) 63 Model 9

Set up as a fraction. 9 1 Simplify = =

63

The scale factor is

Finding Scale Factors Guide

Race Car 1 ) Length (in.) 2) Height (in.) 132 66 Model 11 5.5

You can use the lengths and heights to find the scale factor. Simplify

1)

length

11 132

=
=

1 12

5.5 2) = = 66

5.5 10 66 10

55 660

5 60

1 12

Write as a Fraction
The scale factor is
1 . 12

Is the same as 1:12

Guided Practice
Length (in.) 48

Identify the scale factors. Remember to simplify . Tower Model 1)

4

4 48

2) Height (ft.)
.

Dinosaur 108

Toy Dinosaur 12

12 = 108

3)
Width (in.)

Adult 40
30 40

Child 30

Using Scale Factor to Find Unknown Lengths

A photograph of Vincent Van Goghs painting Still Life with Irises Against a Yellow Background has dimensions 6.13cm and 4.90cm. The scale factor 1 is . Find the size of the actual 15 painting, to the nearest tenth of a centimeter.

Using Scale Factor to Find Unknown Lengths

Given: scale factor = 15 , dimensions of photo 6.13cm and 4.90cm
1

Remember:

1 15

Find the length and width of the painting. Set a proportion to find the length l 1 x l = 6.13 x 15 l = 91.95 l 91.95 which can be rounded to nearest tenth = 92.0 cm Set a proportion to find the width w
1 15

6.13

1 x w = 4.90 x 15 w = 73.5 cm

4.90 1 = 15

Using Scale Factor to Find Unknown Lengths Solution

The painting is 92.0 cm long and 73.5 cm wide.

Guided Practice
1- On a road map of Georgia, the distance from Atlanta to Savannah is 5 inches. What is the actual distance between the cities if the map scale is 1 inch = 50 miles? 1 5 = 50 1x = 250 x = 250 mi is the actual distance between Atlanta to Savannah

 2- On the city map, the distance between the restaurant to the gas station is 2 inches. What is the actual distance between the locations if the city map scale is 1 inch = 2 miles? (1 )/(2 ) = 2/ 1x = 2 x 2 x = 4 mi is the actual distance between the restaurant and gas station.

Scale Factors Continue

When Identifying Scale Factors. Write as a fraction

Remember:
1.
Length (ft)
3 15

Actual 15
3 3 15 3 1 5

Model 3

=
1 5

The scale factor is

Guided Practice
1.
Height (ft) Athlete 6 Child 4

4 6

4 2 6 2

2 3

Guided Practice
2)

7 42

7 7 42:7

1 6

Finding The Actual

1) On a road map of South Carolina, the distance between Orangeburg and Greenville is 5 inches. What is the actual distance between the cities if the map scale is 1 inch = 20 miles?

1 inch = 20 miles is the same as saying

Set up your proportion.
1 20 5

1 20

x = 100
The actual distance between the cities is 100 miles.

Finding the Actual

2) On a scale drawing, a table is 8 inches long. 1 The scale factor is . What is the length of the 8 table? Set up your proportion =
1 8 8

1x = 8 x 8 x = 64 The length of the table is 64 inches.

Try This
1) A lamp is 48 inches tall. The scale factor is What is the height of the scale drawing of the lamp?
1 12 1 . 12

48

1 x n = 12 x 48 n=4

The height of the scale drawing of the lamp is 4 inches.

Try This
4) On a city map of Augusta, Ga, the distance between Red Lobster and Popeyes Chicken is 4 centimeters. What is the actual distance between the restaurants if the map scale is 1 centimeters = 8 feet? =
1 8 4

x = 32 The actual distance between the restaurants is 32 feet.

Going the Distance

5) On the state map, the distance between South Carolina to Virginia is 5 inches. What is the actual distance if the map scale is 3 inches = 240 miles?
3 240

3 x n = 5 x 240 3n = 1200
3 3

1200 3

n = 400

The actual distance between South Carolina to Virginia is 400 miles.

Measurement Application
On a map of Florida, the distance between Hialeah and Tampa is 10.5 cm. What is the actual distance d between the cities if the map scale is 3 cm = 80 mi? Think:
10.5

3 80

Set up the proportion

3 80

Find the cross product 3 x d = 10.5 x 80 3d = 840 d = 280 The actual distance between Hialeah and Tampa is 280 miles.

INDEPENDENT PRACTICE