Running head: MIDTERM ASSESSMENT: THE GAS-O-METER 1

Mid Term Assessment: The Gas-O-Meter

Jennifer Horne
I! Te"h #ommunit! #o$$ege
Standard #4: Content Knowledge
The teacher understands the central concepts, tools of
inquiry, and structures of the discipline(s) he or she teaches
and creates learning experiences that a!e the discipline
accessi"le and eaningful for learners to assure astery of
the content#
THE GAS-O-METER %
Name of Artifact: Midterm Assessment: The Gas-O-Meter
Date: October, 2012
Course: EDUC 224, Scientiic !n"#ir$
Brief Description:
! cond#cted three %e&e%s o scientiic in"#ir$ to determine the aect
hi'her (ater tem)erat#re had on the amo#nt o carbon dio*ide re%eased
rom the disso%#tion o eer&escent tab%ets+ This artiact is the record o
those in"#iries+
Rationale:
To doc#ment m$ #nderstandin' o Content ,no(%ed'e, ! ha&e
se%ected to inc%#de m$ Mid-term Assessment: The Gas-O-Meter, beca#se
this assi'nment cha%%en'ed me to )ro&e that ! #nderstood the centra%
conce)ts and too%s o in"#ir$ as ! eecti&e%$ comm#nicated the conce)ts,
)rocesses and -no(%ed'e in this st#d$+ ! acc#rate%$ #sed the &ocab#%ar$
and academic %an'#a'e that is c%ear, correct and a))ro)riate+
Cycle 1
&uestion: 'hat ha((ens to a )a$$oon *hen !ou add efferes"ent to *ater+
#$aim: The )a$$oon *i$$ e,(and-
.ro"edure:
1. .our /0 m$ of ta( *ater in a 10 m$ graduated "!$inder-
THE GAS-O-METER /
2. Determine and re"ord the tem(erature of the *ater *ith a digita$ thermometer- The
*ater shou$d hae an aerage tem(erature of 23-3 degrees 4ahrenheit-
3. O)tain and o(en a (a"5et of efferes"ent ta)$ets-
4. 'eigh and re"ord ea"h ta)$et-
5. Measure the surfa"e of the ta)$et *ith a ta(e measure and mar5 the "enter-
6. Stri5e a straight $ine through the "enter of the ta)$et *ith a (en-
7. S"ore the $ine *ith a shar( o)6e"t-
8. 7rea5 the ta)$et in ha$f a$ong the s"ored $ine- 'eigh and re"ord the ta)$et ha$es-
9. .$a"e the ha$f ta)$et inside of a 89 he$ium :ua$it! )a$$oon-
10. #rush the ta)$et inside of the )a$$oon )! stri5ing it 10 times *ith the side of a
sto(*at"h-
11. .$a"e the (re(ared "!$inder of *ater on a f$at surfa"e; and atta"h the o(en end of the
)a$$oon 1-19 do*n oer the to( of the )a$$oon-
12. Em(t! the "ontents of the )a$$oon into the "!$inder- 7e "arefu$ to ho$d on to the
)a$$oon *here it is atta"hed to the "!$inder-
13. O)sere for 1 minute-
14. Measure and re"ord the "ir"umferen"e of the )a$$oon; hori<onta$$!; at its *idest
(oint-
#=#>E 1 TRIA> 1 TRIA> % TRIA> /
7eginning 'ater
tem(erature
2/-%? 4 23-3? 4 21-2? 4
THE GAS-O-METER 3
Ta)$et *eight 1-2 grams 1-1 grams 1-1 grams
7a$$oon 1-19 @9 @-@9
O)serations:
1. It a((ears that eer! time a gas )u))$e (o(s the )a$$oon inf$ates-
2. 'hen the *ater tem(erature *as higher; the )a$$oon seemed to e,(and more-
3. The tem(erature of the *ater *ent do*n )! %-2? 4 after the efferes"ent *as added to the
*ater- This *as not noted unti$ the end of tria$ three- 'e de"ided to ad6ust the (ro"edure
and )egin re"ording the end tem(erature of the *ater-
THE GAS-O-METER 1
Cycle 2
&uestion: 'hat *i$$ ha((en if *e de"rease the tem(erature of the *ater+
#$aim: 'e thin5 it *i$$ de"rease the inf$ation of the )a$$oon-
.ro"edure:
1. .ut /0 m$ of "o$d *ater in a 10 m$ graduated "!$inder-
2. Determine and re"ord the tem(erature of the *ater *ith a digita$ thermometer- The
*ater shou$d hae an aerage tem(erature )et*een 11-@1 degrees 4ahrenheit-
3. O)tain and o(en a (a"5et of efferes"ent ta)$ets-
4. 'eigh and re"ord ea"h ta)$et-
5. Measure the surfa"e of the ta)$et *ith a ta(e measure; and mar5 the "enter-
6. Stri5e a straight $ine through the "enter of the ta)$et *ith a (en-
7. S"ore the $ine *ith a shar( o)6e"t-
8. 7rea5 the ta)$et in ha$f a$ong the s"ored $ine; and *eighAre"ord the ta)$et ha$es-
9. .$a"e the ha$f ta)$et inside of a 89 he$ium :ua$it! )a$$oon-
10. #rush the ta)$et inside of the )a$$oon )! stri5ing it 10 times *ith the side of a
sto(*at"h-
11. .$a"e the (re(ared "!$inder of *ater on a f$at surfa"e; and atta"h the o(en end of the
)a$$oon 1-19 do*n oer the to( of the )a$$oon-
12. Em(t! the "ontents of the )a$$oon into the "!$inder- 7e "arefu$ to ho$d on to the
)a$$oon *here it is atta"hed to the "!$inder-
THE GAS-O-METER @
13. O)sere for 1 minute-
14. Measure and re"ord the "ir"umferen"e of the )a$$oon; hori<onta$$!; at its *idest
(oint-
15. Remoe the )a$$oon-
16. Determine and re"ord the end tem(erature-
#!"$e % TRAI> 1 TRIA> % TRIA> /
7eginning 'ater Tem(erature
11-8? 4 @0? 4 @0-3? 4
Ta)$et 1-3 grams 1-@ grams 1-2 grams
7a$$oon Inf$ation 1-29 3-19 @-19
Ending Tem(erature @B-8? 4 @0-%? 4 @1-1? 4
O)serations:
1. The )u))$es "reated )! the re$ease of gasses *ent higher u( the "!$inder than the! did
in "!"$e 1-
2. The ending tem(erature in"reased )! an aerage of 1-8? 4- It de"reased in "!"$e 1-
3. The "o$der *ater made more gas )u))$es and raised the *ater tem(erature-
THE GAS-O-METER 2
4. There *as not a signifi"ant aerage in"rease of inf$ation oer "!"$e 1-
THE GAS-O-METER B
Cycle 3
&uestion: 'hat *i$$ ha((en to the )a$$oon if *e in"rease the amount of efferes"ent ta)$ets+
#$aim: 'e thin5 the )a$$oon *i$$ inf$ate more *ith more efferes"ent-
1. .ut /0 m$ of ta( *ater in a 10 m$ graduated "!$inder-
2. Determine and re"ord the tem(erature of the *ater *ith a digita$ thermometer- The
*ater shou$d hae an aerage tem(erature of 23-3 degrees 4ahrenheit-
3. O)tain and o(en a (a"5et of efferes"ent ta)$ets-
4. 'eigh and re"ord ea"h ta)$et-
5. Measure the surfa"e of the ta)$et *ith a ta(e measure and mar5 the "enter-
6. Stri5e a straight $ine through the "enter of the ta)$et *ith a (en-
7. S"ore the $ine *ith a shar( o)6e"t-
8. 7rea5 the ta)$et in ha$f a$ong the s"ored $ine; and *eighAre"ord the ta)$et ha$es-
9. .$a"e % of the ha$f ta)$ets inside of a 89 he$ium :ua$it! )a$$oon-
10. #rush the ta)$es inside of the )a$$oon )! stri5ing it 10 times *ith the side of a
sto(*at"h-
11. .$a"e the (re(ared "!$inder of *ater on a f$at surfa"e; and atta"h the o(en end of the
)a$$oon 1-19 do*n oer the to( of the )a$$oon-
12. Em(t! the "ontents of the )a$$oon into the "!$inder- 7e "arefu$ to ho$d on to the
)a$$oon *here it is atta"hed to the "!$inder-
13. O)sere for 1 minute-
THE GAS-O-METER 8
14. Measure and re"ord the "ir"umferen"e of the )a$$oon; hori<onta$$!; at its *idest
(oint-
15. Remoe the )a$$oon-
16. Determine and re"ord the end tem(erature-
#!"$e / TRIA> 1 TRIA> % TRIA> /
7eginning 'ater
tem(erature
2/? 4 2/-1? 4 2/-8? 4
Ta)$et /-3 grams /-1 grams /-3 grams
7a$$oon Inf$ation 109 10-%19 ?19
End Tem(erature @8-@? 4 20-1? 4 21? 4
?The )a$$oon inf$ation measurement on the third tria$ does not sho* an a""urate re(resentation-
The )a$$oon had a sma$$ ho$e-
O)serations:
1. The tem(erature de"reased )! an aerage of /-%2? 4-
2. 'e heard a s$ight *hist$ing noise during tria$ num)er three- 'e dis"oered the )a$$oon
had dee$o(ed a sma$$ (un"ture-
3. The gas )u))$es in"reased and *ent a$$ the *a! to the to( of the "!$inder-
THE GAS-O-METER 10
4. It seems *hen the tem(erature of the *ater is de"reased )! the efferes"ent; more gas
)u))$es are re$eased- Thus; the )a$$oon )e"omes more inf$ated-
Resear"h: The s"ien"e "on"e(ts *e en"ounter *hen e,amining the Gas-O-Meter "enter around
therma$ energ!; and the endothermi" (ro"ess- Resear"h of these "on"e(ts ans*er the :uestionsC
D'hat "aused the )a$$oon to e,(and; and *h! did the tem(erature of the *ater de"rease or
in"rease9+
4irst; $et us ta5e a "$oser $oo5 at efferes"ent ta)$ets- The! are a (remi,ed "om)ination of
an a"id; "itri" a"id; and a )ase; sodium )i"ar)onate- 'hen !ou add an a"id and a )ase to *ater;
the )rea5do*n generates a gas 5no*n as #O% E'oodford; %008F- This is "a$$ed a "hemi"a$
rea"tion-
'hat effe"t does the tem(erature of the *ater hae on the "hemi"a$ rea"tion+ In #!"$e %
*e de"reased the )eginning *ater tem(erature and the "hemi"a$ rea"tion too5 ($a"e mu"h
s$o*er- 'e see this in the *a! the )a$$oon too5 $onger to inf$ate- If *e *ere to in"rease the *ater
tem(erature the rea"tion *ou$d ta5e ($a"e mu"h more :ui"5$!; )e"ause the mo$e"u$es *ou$d )e
moing around at a faster (a"e E'oodford; %008F- As mo$e"u$es moe; the! )rea5 a*a! from
ea"h other and form #O%- This (ro"ess of therma$ energ! "an a$so )e used to (ro(e$ )oats and
ehi"$es-
7! gauging the *ater tem(erature at the end of ea"h tria$; *e dis"oered that the
tem(erature had in"reased- The tem(erature in"reased )e"ause the moing of the mo$e"u$es had
(rodu"ed een more therma$ energ!- Ho*eer; an interesting thing o""urred *hen *e dou)$ed
the amount of efferes"entC instead of the ending tem(erature in"reasing as )efore; the *ater
tem(erature a"tua$$! de"reased )! /-%2 degrees 4ahrenheit- 'hat "aused the *ater tem(erature
to "oo$ instead of rise+
THE GAS-O-METER 11
The *ater tem(erature *as "oo$er after *e added more of the efferes"ent ta)$et to the
*ater; )e"ause the disso$ing sodium )i"ar)onate "aused a (ro"ess "a$$ed endothermi"-
Endothermi" means that; Dit re:uires energ! in(ut to (ro"eed9 EHe$menstine; n-d-F- The rea"tion
*hen the sa$t )rea5s do*n "auses the a)sor(tion of heat and thus "oo$s the surrounding *ater-
This is the same (ro"ess *hi"h "auses the free<ing (oint to $o*er and the )oi$ing (oint to
in"rease *hen sa$t is added-
THE GAS-O-METER 1%
7i)$iogra(h!
Helmenstine, A. M. (n.d.). Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions. Retrieved Oct!er 21, 2012,
"rm c#emistr$.%!&t.cm'
#tt('))c#emistr$.%!&t.cm)cs)*ener%lc#emistr$)%)%%051903%.#tm
+d"rd, ,. (2009). Heat. Retrieved Oct!er 21, 2012, "rm e-(l%int#%tst&""'
#tt('))....e-(l%int#%tst&"".cm)#e%t.#tml
htt(:AA***-mon5e!see-"omA($a!A11322-"hemi"a$-rea"tions-s"ien"e-(ro6e"t-gas-o-meter
htt(:AA***-edu"ation-na"se-orgA#urri"u$umAdo*n$oada)$esAfi<<Gtea"h-